Search results for "Ethiopia"

showing 10 items of 81 documents

High Seroprevalence of Autoantibodies Typical of Autoimmune Liver Disease in Eastern Ethiopia: Is Chewing of Khat (Catha edulis) a Triggering Factor?

2018

Background. Recent studies have identified chewing of khat (Catha edulis) as an independent risk factor for liver injury; however, the pathogenetic mechanism remains poorly understood. Case series have found markers of autoimmune hepatitis in patients with khat-related liver disease, suggesting that khat chewing might trigger an autoimmune response. The aims of the present study were (i) to assess the prevalence of autoantibodies typical for autoimmune liver diseases in a healthy population in Ethiopia and (ii) to explore the hypothesis that khat usage triggers autoimmunity. Methods. Consenting adults (≥18 years) without known autoimmune disease or manifest liver disease were included. One-…

AdultMale0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyArticle SubjectPopulationCathaAutoimmune hepatitisYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesLiver disease0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsSeroepidemiologic StudiesKhatInternal medicinemedicineHumansSeroprevalenceRisk factorlcsh:RC799-869educationAutoantibodiesAutoimmune diseaseeducation.field_of_studyHepatologybiologybusiness.industryGastroenterologyAutoantibodyGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationHepatitis Autoimmune030104 developmental biologyCase-Control StudiesMasticationFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologylcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. GastroenterologyEthiopiaChemical and Drug Induced Liver InjurybusinessResearch ArticleCanadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
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The WHO guidelines for chronic hepatitis B fail to detect half of the patients in need of treatment in Ethiopia

2019

Background & Aims In 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued guidelines for the management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in low- and middle-income countries, but little is known about the applicability of the WHO treatment criteria in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the WHO guidelines in a large CHB cohort in Ethiopia. Methods Treatment-naive adults who attended a public CHB clinic in Addis Ababa were included in this analysis. All patients underwent a standardized evaluation at recruitment, including blood tests and transient elastography (Fibroscan®). A Fibroscan result >7.9 kPa was used to define significant fibrosis and >9.…

AdultMale0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisWorld Health Organization03 medical and health sciencesHepatitis B Chronic0302 clinical medicineChronic hepatitisInternal medicinemedicineHumansHepatologybusiness.industryGold standardAntiviral therapyAlanine Transaminasemedicine.disease030104 developmental biologyWho guidelinesPractice Guidelines as TopicCohortElasticity Imaging TechniquesFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyEthiopiabusinessTransient elastographyViral hepatitisJournal of Hepatology
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Epidemiology of depressive disorders in people living with hypertension in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020

ObjectivesBetter knowledge of epidemiology of depressive disorders in people living with hypertension can help to implement pertinent strategies to address its burden. The objective was to estimate the prevalence of depressive disorders and symptoms in people living with hypertension in Africa.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, EMBASE, African Index Medicus, African Journals OnLine were searched up to 31 January 2020, regardless of the language of publication.Eligibility criteriaWe included studies conducted among adult patients with hypertension (≥18 years) living in Africa and reporting the prevalence of depressive disorders and symptoms.Data extraction and synt…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyhypertensionNigeriaGhanaSouth AfricaEnvironmental healthEpidemiologyBurkina FasomedicinePrevalenceHumans1506Methodological qualityDepressive Disorder MajorAdult patientsbusiness.industryPublic healthRMean ageGeneral MedicinePublication biasMiddle AgedMental HealthData extractionMeta-analysisdepression & mood disordersMedicine1712epidemiologyEthiopiabusinessBMJ Open
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Informal laws and state law in the horn of Africa

2019

This essay examines the relationship existing between informal law and state laws in the four countries of the Horn of Africa from an historical and comparative perspective. Such relation is considered from the time when the four countries became independent, however reference is also made from time to time to the colonial background when necessary to justify a particular situation. The analysis casts also an eye to the relation existing between religious laws and state laws, as religious laws represent an essential component in the interaction between state laws and the other normative orders present in these four countries. The essay concludes with some recommendations for the improvement…

African law customary law Horn of Africa Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Somalia
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Performance of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus for detection of latent tuberculosis infection in pregnant women living in a tuberculosis- and HIV-endemic se…

2017

We evaluated the performance of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus), which includes two Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen formulations (TB1 and TB2), for detection of latent tuberculosis infection during pregnancy. Eight-hundred-twenty-nine Ethiopian pregnant women (5.9% HIV-positive) were tested with QFT-Plus, with bacteriological sputum analysis performed for women with clinically suspected tuberculosis and HIV-positive women irrespective of clinical presentation. QFT-Plus read-out was categorized according to the conventional cut-off (0.35 IU/ml) for both antigen formulations. In addition, we analysed the distribution of QFT-Plus results within a borderline zone (0.20–0.70 IU/ml), and i…

Bacterial DiseasesRNA virusesPhysiologyMaternal Healthlcsh:MedicineHIV InfectionsPathology and Laboratory MedicineGastroenterologyWhite Blood Cells0302 clinical medicineImmunodeficiency VirusesPregnancyAnimal CellsMedicine and Health SciencesCell Cycle and Cell Division030212 general & internal medicinePregnancy Complications InfectiousYoung adultlcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinarybiologyLatent tuberculosisT CellsObstetrics and GynecologyGestational ageActinobacteriaInfectious DiseasesMedical MicrobiologyCell ProcessesViral PathogensVirusesFemalePathogensCellular Typesmedicine.symptomResearch ArticleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyTuberculosisImmune CellsImmunologyViral diseasesMicrobiologyMycobacterium tuberculosisInterferon-gammaYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesAntigenLatent TuberculosisInternal medicineRetrovirusesmedicineHumansTuberculosisMicrobial PathogensSecretionPregnancyBlood CellsBacteriaTuberculin Testbusiness.industryLentiviruslcsh:ROrganismsHIVBiology and Life SciencesMycobacterium tuberculosisCell BiologyTropical Diseasesbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.disease030228 respiratory systemWomen's HealthSputumlcsh:QEthiopiaMitogensPhysiological ProcessesbusinessInterferon-gamma Release TestsPLOS ONE
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The Oromo Eschatology: The Prophecy Of Areeroo Boosaroo, Narrated By Borbor Bulee And Guyyoo Dambii

2005

This article provides the first ethnographic account of prophetic text and poetry among the Borana. It was ethnographically constructed by the join efforts of an indigenous anthropologist, an africanist anthropologist, and a Borana oral historian.

BoranaAreeroo Boosaroo Borbor BuleeOromoEthiopiaprophecyoral literature
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Boorana

2003

BoranaEthiopia: OromoSettore M-DEA/01 - Discipline Demoetnoantropologiche
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GEM-CON-BIO Case Study Report. Borana-Oromo Community Conserved Landscapes, Ethiopia

2007

Technical report for the GEMCOBIO project.

BoranaconservationEthiopialandscapeGEM-CON-BIObiodiversity
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The Borana Conserved Landscape. An Action-Research Workshop, Yaaballo, Ethiopia, 21-23 July 2007

2007

Report of the actin research organised for the Gemconbio project. It includes the full version of the 'Yaaballo Statement on the Borana Conserved Landscape'

BoranaconservationGemconbioEthiopialandscapebiodiversity
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Customary Institutions in Contemporary Politics, Borana Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

2012

Boranaethnic conflictcustomary institutionOromoEthiopiaSettore M-DEA/01 - Discipline DemoetnoantropologicheSomali
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