Search results for "Ethylenedioxy"
showing 10 items of 67 documents
The role of lithium, perchlorate and water during electrochemical processes in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) films in LiClO4 aqueous solutions
2021
Abstract Thin films of poly(3,4-ethylendioxythiophene) (PEDOT) were electrochemically deposited on gold electrodes in aqueous media. The role of perchlorate, lithium, and water during the charge/discharge of PEDOT films was investigated by cyclic voltammetry together with EQCM, vis − NIR spectroscopy, and acoustic impedance, also by means of ac-electrogravimetry in a 0.1 M LiCl O 4 aqueous solutions. In this way, it has been possible to correlate the electrical, mass, color and electromechanical properties changes during the electrochemical reactions of this polymer. Both, hydrated lithium cations and perchlorate anions can act as counterions during the electrochemical reactions, however, a…
Development and Characterization of Novel Conductive Nanofiller Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Grafted with Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)
2018
In the present study, an approach for the graft polymerization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) has been evaluated. The surface of the MWCNTs was activated with thiophene groups through the amide linker followed by oxidative polymerization of EDOT monomer resulted in the development of PEDOT-g-MWCNTs. The methods of thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy were used for characterization of functionalization efficiency. The TGA data indicated of 21% functionalization attached to MWCNTs. X-ray fluorescence confirmed the presence of Cl, and S atoms in functionalized fillers. The study of Raman spectra confirm…
Preparation and conductivity of PEDOT encapsulated inside faujasites
2005
Poly[3,4-(ethylenedioxy)thiophene] (PEDOT) encapsulated inside the faujasite micropores has been prepared by polymerization of the monomer in partially Fe-exchanged faujasites. Faujasites containing PEDOT within the interior exhibit notable electrical conductivity compared to plain faujasite. This conductivity is attributed to the presence of polarons that have been detected by EPR spectroscopy.
Light induced electropolymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) on niobium oxide
2010
Abstract The photoelectrochemical polymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), PEDOT, was successfully realized on anodic film grown to 50 V on magnetron sputtered niobium. Photocurrent Spectroscopy was employed to study the optical properties of Nb/Nb 2 O 5 /PEDOT/electrolyte interface in a large range of potential, and to get an estimate of the band gap and flat band potential of both the oxide and the polymer. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to study the morphology of PEDOT. Both the optical and morphological features of the photoelectrochemically grown polymer were compared with those showed by PEDOT electropolymerized on gold conducting substrate.
The novelty-seeking phenotype modulates the long-lasting effects of adolescent MDMA exposure.
2015
Exposure to drugs such as ethanol or cocaine during adolescence induces alterations in the central nervous system that are modulated by the novelty-seeking trait. Our aim was to evaluate the influence of this trait on the long-term effects of MDMA administration during adolescence on spontaneous behavior and conditioned rewarding effects in adulthood. Adolescent mice were classified as high or low novelty seekers (HNS or LNS) according to the hole-board test and received either MDMA (0, 10 or 20mg/kg PND 33-42) or saline. Three weeks later, having entered adulthood (PND>68), one set of mice performed the elevated plus maze and social interaction tests, while another set performed the condit…
Behavioural and neurotoxic long-lasting effects of MDMA plus cocaine in adolescent mice
2008
The poly-drug pattern is the most common among MDMA users, with cocaine being a frequently associated drug. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the behavioural and neurotoxic long-term effects of exposure during adolescence to MDMA alone or plus cocaine. Mice of 28 to 30 days of age received a treatment of two daily injections of an identical dose of MDMA (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg), alone or plus cocaine (25 mg/kg), for 3 days (6 administrations). Three weeks after receiving MDMA, an increase in the time dedicated by the animals to social contacts with their conspecifics was observed, whilst their behaviour in the elevated plus maze showed no differences from that of non-treated mice. Afte…
Role of acute social stress in the rewarding effects of MDMA in adolescent mice
2021
Drug use among adolescents is a serious problem in our society, as some individuals develop dependence and addiction. MDMA/Esctasy is one of the most typically used substances by this age group. It is well known that environmental factors can alter the rewarding properties of drugs and the propensity to drug-related disorders. In this sense, exposure to social stress induces long-term effects in mice, enhancing the rewarding effects of MDMA in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. On the other hand, previous research has not provided conclusive results regarding the short-term effects of social defeat on MDMA reward in adolescent animals, probably due to the use of very low or ve…
Optimization of Polymer Blue-Light-Emitting Devices by Introducing a Hole-Injection Layer Doped with the Molecular Nanomagnet [Mn12O12(H2O)4(C6F5COO)…
2006
Determination of the enantiomeric composition of amphetamine, methamphetamine and 3,4-methylendioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) in seized street drug …
2021
Amphetamine (speed), methamphetamine (crystal meth), and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) represent the most frequently abused amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS). Differences in pharmacological potency and metabolism have been shown for the enantiomers of all three stimulants. Legal consequences in cases of drug possession may also differ according to the German law depending on the enantiomeric composition of the seized drug. Therefore, enantioselective monitoring of seized specimens is crucial for legal and forensic casework. Various kinds of samples of amphetamine (n = 143), MDMA (n = 94), and methamphetamine (n = 528) that were seized in southern Germany in 2019 and…
Effect of adolescent exposure to WIN 55212-2 on the acquisition and reinstatement of MDMA-induced conditioned place preference.
2009
The present study employs a conditioned place preference procedure (CPP) to examine the effects of exposure to the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55212-2 (WIN) (0.1 and 0.5mg/kg) during adolescence on the reinforcing properties of +/-3,4-methylenedioxymetamphetamine hydrochloride (MDMA) (1.25 and 2.5mg/kg) in mice. On postnatal day (PD) 27, animals received a daily injection of the assigned treatment on 5 consecutive days, and three days later the place conditioning procedure was initiated (PD 35). The results suggest that pre-exposure to cannabinoids strengthens the properties of MDMA and favors reinstatement of the craving for the drug, which endorses the gateway hypothesis.