Search results for "European Union."
showing 10 items of 1334 documents
Sequential evolution of genotype GII.4 norovirus variants causing gastroenteritis outbreaks from 2001 to 2006 in Eastern Spain.
2008
Noroviruses are the most common cause of outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis worldwide. Norovirus outbreaks were surveyed in Catalonia and the region of Valencia (Eastern Spain) between January 2001 and December 2006 as part of the European Union funded network "Food-borne viruses in Europe". During this time the etiology and epidemiological features of 194 outbreaks of acute non-bacterial gastroenteritis were investigated and norovirus was identified as causing 169 (87.1%) of them. Molecular epidemiology of viral strains was studied by RT-PCR and sequencing part of the RNA polymerase gene in ORF1 from 153 outbreak strains. The most commonly identified norovirus genotype was GII.4 (71.9% of …
Klinische und ökonomische Evaluation der Inanspruchnahme zahnärztlicher Leistungen im Ausland
2003
Purpose During the past decade German patients developed an increasing tendency to dental health tourism in countries outside the European Union. The present investigation aimed at evaluating both clinical and economic outcome of dental care in these countries with regard to German directive standards. Methods Based on physical examinations performed by the Medizinische Dienst der Krankenversicherung Rheinland-Pfalz in the context of reimbursement or regress requests after dental care in countries outside the European Union, an individual treatment concept was designed and its direct costs from the patient's perspective were estimated according to German standards. Furthermore, the clinical…
FRI0299 Prevalence of Vertebral Fractures in Osteoporotic HIP Fractured Patients: The Focus Study
2015
Background Osteoporosis is a multifactorial systemic skeletal disease, characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural modifications of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in fragility fractures [1]. Vertebral fractures are the most prevalent osteoporotic fractures and osteoporotic hip fractures are the most serious complication of osteoporosis resulting in increased mortality and high socio-economic cost [2,3]. The coexistence of these two pathological conditions in elderly patients has been previously described, leading to even worse functional outcomes than each one alone [4]. Objectives To determine the prevalence of vertebral fractures in osteoporotic hip fractured women and …
<i>PCSK9</i> rs11591147 R46L Loss-of-Function Variant Protects Against Liver Damage in Individuals with NAFLD
2020
Background and Aims: The proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) plays a key role in cholesterol homeostasis, and its inhibition represents an effective therapy to lower LDL-C levels. In this study, we examined the impact of PCSK9 rs11591147 loss-of-function (LOF) variant on liver damage in a multicenter collection of patients at risk of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), in clinical samples and experimental models. Methods: We considered 1,874 consecutive individuals at risk of NASH as determined by histology. The SNP rs11591147, encoding for the p.R46L variant of PCSK9, was genotyped by TaqMan assays. We also evaluated 1) PCSK9 mRNA hepatic expression in human liver, and 2…
P-443 - Social inclusion for the mental health of informal caregivers of Alzheimer disease's patients: The role of reemployment strategies of sociall…
2012
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a one of the leading cause of dependency among older adults and of institutionalization in Europe. The number of people with AD is estimated in 10 million people and the cost of the disease has been recently estimated in 100.000 million of euros per year in the European Union (European Brain Council, 2011). There is nowadays no effective treatment of the disease. Currently, care of AD patients is primary sustained by informal caregivers who suffer burden as a result of their care responsibilities, and consequently are mainly affected by mental health problems (depression, anxiety, etc). This burden is also related with a premature institutionalization and violenc…
Whole body magnetic resonance in indolent lymphomas under watchful waiting: The time is now.
2017
The indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas (i-NHLs) are characterised by ‘indolent’ clinical behaviour with slow growth and prolonged natural history. The watchful waiting (WW) strategy is a frequently employed treatment option in these patients. This implies a strict monitoring by imaging examinations, including 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) and CT. A major concern is radiation exposure due to regularly monitoring by conventional imaging procedures. Several studies have demonstrated the reliability of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) for lymphoma staging. WB-MRI could be useful for active surveillance in i-NHLs providing the …
Efficacy of Grass Pollen Allergen Sublingual Immunotherapy Tablets for Seasonal Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
2015
IMPORTANCE: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (SARC) have shown a modest clinical benefit compared with placebo. Furthermore, indirect comparison by meta-analyses showed that subcutaneous immunotherapy is more effective than SLIT. Despite these data, SLIT has become the most prescribed treatment of SARC in Europe in recent years, and it was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of SARC to grass pollen in the United States on April 1, 2014. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of the grass pollen sublingual tablets licensed as drugs in the treatm…
The Nordic Paradox and intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) in Sweden: A background overview
2019
The global public health problem of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) is typically tied to gender inequality. Contrary to what would be expected, however, a 2012 survey conducted by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) showed lifetime prevalence rates of IPVAW in the Nordic countries which were among the highest of the 28 EU member states, despite these countries being rated as some of the most gender‐equal in the world. The aim of this article is to enable a furthered understanding of this Nordic Paradox through providing an overview of knowledge about IPVAW in Sweden in relation to the apparent paradox. It assembles information on IPVAW prevalence, on Swede…
The Management of Health Hazards Related to Municipal Solid Waste on Fire in Europe: An Environmental Justice Issue?
2020
Landfilling should be the last option in an integrated Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management approach. In the European Union (EU), the policy framework to protect the environment and the public health against the impact of health hazards related to urban solid waste management has been consistently implemented in recent decades. A growing interest in the negative impact of fires in waste landfills on the environment and people’s health was reported in some European countries. In Italy, an increasing occurrence of arsons in MSW and landfills has been reported in recent years. During the summer of 2012, a multi-site arson occurred in the Palermo Municipal solid waste landfill of Bellolampo (…
Epidemiology and management of foodborne nematodiasis in the European Union, systematic review 2000–2016
2018
Background: Foodborne nematodiasis are caused by the ingestion of food contaminated by helminths. In Europe, these diseases are present in all countries. Objectives: To review the available data on epidemiology and management of foodborne nematodiasis in the European Union, detect any trends and determine the possible causes of the observed changes. Methods: A review of available literature published between 2000 and 2016 was conducted. Results: Out of 1523 cases described in the literature, 1493 cases were autochthonous and 30 cases were imported. The detected parasites were Toxocara spp (34.7%), Ascaris lumbricoides (27.1%), Trichinella spp (21.9%), Anisakis spp (15.5%) and Angiostrongylu…