Search results for "European population"

Human Y-chromosome variation in the Western Mediterranean area: Implications for the peopling of the region

2001

Y-chromosome variation was analyzed in a sample of 1127 males from the Western Mediterranean area by surveying 16 biallelic and 4 multiallelic sites. Some populations from Northeastern Europe and the Middle East were also studied for comparison. All Y-chromosome haplotypes were included in a parsimonious genealogic tree consisting of 17 haplogroups, several of which displayed distinct geographic specificities. One of the haplogroups, HG9.2, has some features that are compatible with a spread into Europe from the Near East during the Neolithic period. However, the current distribution of this haplogroup would suggest that the Neolithic gene pool had a major impact in the eastern and central …

Clusters of sleep apnoea phenotypes: A large pan-European study from the European Sleep Apnoea Database (ESADA)

2021

Background and objective: To personalize OSA management, several studies have attempted to better capture disease heterogeneity by clustering methods. The aim of this study was to conduct a cluster analysis of 23 000 OSA patients at diagnosis using the multinational ESADA. Methods: Data from 34 centres contributing to ESADA were used. An LCA was applied to identify OSA phenotypes in this European population representing broad geographical variations. Many variables, including symptoms, comorbidities and polysomnographic data, were included. Prescribed medications were classified according to the ATC classification and this information was used for comorbidity confirmation. Results: Eight cl…

Rapid increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Polish children from 1989 to 2004, and predictions for 2010 to 2025.

2010

Aims/hypothesis We analysed the temporal changes in the incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes and its demographic determinants in Poland from 1989 to 2004, validating the model with data from 1970 to 1989. We also estimated a predictive model of the trends in childhood diabetes incidence for the near future. Methods Children under 15 years with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus and drawn from seven regional registries in Poland were ascertained prospectively using the Epidemiology and Prevention of Diabetes study (EURODIAB) criteria. The type 1 diabetes incidence rates (IRs) were analysed in dependency of age, sex, seasonality, geographical region and population density. Time trends…

Mitochondrial DNA in the central european population

2000

Sequencing of mtDNA is an advanced method for the individualisation of traces. Disadvantages of this method are expensive and time-consuming analysis and evaluation procedures as well as the necessary stock of population-genetic data which is still insufficient. Central European institutes of forensic medicine from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland have been working together since the beginning of 1998 to establish a mtDNA database. The aim is to build up a large stock of forensically established data and provide population-genetic data for frequency investigations, which will serve as a basis for expert opinions and scientific research. Good data quality is ensured by using original sequen…

Hepato-gastroenterologists and oncologists are complementary in the management of digestive cancers

2011

1. Digestive oncology – a changing fieldDigestive cancer accounts for a quarter of all cancers and con-siderable knowledge of the particular features of these disordersis required for correct treatment. Digestive oncology (DO) is amajor field of activity for hepato-gastroenterologists (HGE), whoare involved at all stages, from screening to diagnosis, follow-up,tumour evaluationandpalliativetreatment.HGEhavealsorecentlybeen recruited to multidisciplinary teams, due to their consider-able competence in the management of digestive cancers. OverallDO accounts for more than 50% of all admissions to most gas-troenterology (GI) departments. In Belgium, France and Germany,HGE withspecific,recognizedco…

Patient engagement with research:European population register study

2014

Background Lay involvement in implementation of research evidence into practice may include using research findings to guide individual care, as well as involvement in research processes and policy development. Little is known about the conditions required for such involvement. Aim To assess stroke survivors’ research awareness, use of research evidence in their own care and readiness to be involved in research processes. Methods Cross sectional survey of stroke survivors participating in population-based stroke registers in six European centres. Results The response rate was 74% (481/647). Reasons for participation in register research included responding to clinician request (56%) and to …

Western European Populations of the Ichneumonid Wasp Hyposoter didymator Belong to a Single Taxon

2019

Hyposoter didymator (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) is a generalist solitary endoparasitoid of noctuid larvae. In the present work, we tested whether populations of H. didymator were divided in several genetically distinct taxa as described for many other generalist parasitoid species, and whether differences in H. didymator parasitism rates were explained by the insect host species and/or by the plant on which these hosts were feeding on. The genetic analysis of natural populations collected in different regions in France and Spain on seven different insect hosts and seven different host plants (775 individuals) showed that H. didymator populations belong to a unique single taxon. However, H.…

Spatial differences and temporal changes in illicit drug use in Europe quantified by wastewater analysis

2014

Aims To perform wastewater analyses to assess spatial differences and temporal changes of illicit drug use in a large European population. Design Analyses of raw wastewater over a 1-week period in 2012 and 2013. Setting and Participants Catchment areas of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) across Europe, as follows: 2012: 25 WWTPs in 11 countries (23 cities, total population 11.50 million); 2013: 47 WWTPs in 21 countries (42 cities, total population 24.74 million). Measurements Excretion products of five illicit drugs (cocaine, amphetamine, ecstasy, methamphetamine, cannabis) were quantified in wastewater samples using methods based on liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrom…

HLA DQA1 and D1S80 in the Population of Valencia (Spain)

1996

Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and childhood autistic traits in four European population-based cohort studies: The ESCAPE Project

2015

Background: Prenatal exposure to air pollutants has been suggested as a possible etiologic factor for the occurrence of autism spectrum disorder. Objectives: We aimed to assess whether prenatal air pollution exposure is associated with childhood autistic traits in the general population. Methods: Ours was a collaborative study of four European population-based birth/child cohorts—CATSS (Sweden), Generation R (the Netherlands), GASPII (Italy), and INMA (Spain). Nitrogen oxides (NO2, NOx) and particulate matter (PM) with diameters of ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), ≤ 10 μm (PM10), and between 2.5 and 10 μm (PMcoarse), and PM2.5 absorbance were estimated for birth addresses by land-use regression models bas…