Search results for "Evaluation Studies as Topic"

showing 10 items of 108 documents

Quantitative RT-PCR measurement of human cytochrome P-450s: application to drug induction studies.

2000

A quantitative RT-PCR assay has been developed that is able to measure the mRNA content of the major human CYPs (1A1, 1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1, 3A4, and 3A5). The technique is highly specific, reproducible, rapid, and sensitive enough to quantitate low and high abundant mRNAs. The PCR primers were selected to specifically match each CYP mRNA, to have a very close annealing temperature, and to render PCR products of similar sizes. The PCR conditions were designed to allow the simultaneous measurement of the various human liver CYPs in a single run. To achieve precise and reproducible quantitation of each cytochrome mRNA, a external standard (luciferase mRNA) is added to the probes …

Gene isoformCytochromeBiophysicsBiochemistrySensitivity and Specificitychemistry.chemical_compoundCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemComplementary DNAHumansLuciferaseRNA MessengerMolecular BiologyCells CulturedDNA PrimersMessenger RNAbiologyBase SequenceReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionCYP1A2Molecular biologyActinsReal-time polymerase chain reactionchemistryLiverEvaluation Studies as TopicEnzyme Inductionbiology.proteinXenobioticArchives of biochemistry and biophysics
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Smoking cessation opportunities in severe mental illness (tobacco intensive motivational and estimate risk — TIMER—): study protocol for a randomized…

2019

There is an increased risk of premature death in people with severe mental illness (SMI). Respiratory disorders and cardiovascular disease are leading causes of increased mortality rates in these patients, and tobacco consumption remains the most preventable risk factor involved. Developing new tools to motivate patients towards cessation of smoking is a high priority. Information on the motivational value of giving the lung age and prevention opportunities is unknown in this high-risk population. In the context of community care, screening and early detection of lung damage could potentially be used, together with mobile technology, in order to produce a prevention message, which may provi…

Health Knowledge Attitudes PracticeBipolar DisorderTime FactorsWireless technology:Phenomena and Processes::Physical Phenomena::Time::Time Factors [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.medical_treatmentHealth Behavior:Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Mood Disorders::Affective Disorders Psychotic::Bipolar Disorder [Medical Subject Headings]:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Tobacco Use::Smoking [Medical Subject Headings]Medicine (miscellaneous)EsquizofreniaSmoking PreventionSeverity of Illness Indexlaw.invention:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Tecnología inalámbricaStudy ProtocolPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawEnfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónicaMulticenter Studies as TopicPharmacology (medical)Prospective Studies030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyLungRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavioral Disciplines and Activities::Schizophrenic Psychology [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:R5-920:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Evaluation Studies as Topic::Clinical Trials as Topic::Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic::Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic [Medical Subject Headings]COPDeducation.field_of_study:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Health Behavior [Medical Subject Headings]Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseSmokingTrastorno bipolar:Anthropology Education Sociology and Social Phenomena::Education::Education Nonprofessional::Health Education::Patient Education as Topic [Medical Subject Headings]Cese del uso del tabacoTobacco cessation:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Health Surveys::Health Status Indicators::Patient Acuity::Severity of Illness Index [Medical Subject Headings]Treatment OutcomeScreeningSchizophrenic Psychologylcsh:Medicine (General)medicine.medical_specialty:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies::Longitudinal Studies::Prospective Studies [Medical Subject Headings]Bipolar disorderPopulationContext (language use)03 medical and health sciencesPatient Education as Topic:Information Science::Information Science::Communications Media::Telecommunications::Telephone::Cellular Phone::Text Messaging [Medical Subject Headings]Mobile technologySeverity of illness:Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Schizophrenia and Disorders with Psychotic Features::Schizophrenia [Medical Subject Headings]medicine:Diseases::Respiratory Tract Diseases::Lung Diseases::Lung Diseases Obstructive::Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive [Medical Subject Headings]HumansRisk factoreducation:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Prognosis::Treatment Outcome [Medical Subject Headings]:Geographical Locations::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]MotivationText Messagingbusiness.industry:Anatomy::Respiratory System::Lung [Medical Subject Headings]:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Motivation [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.disease:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Evaluation Studies as Topic::Clinical Trials as Topic::Multicenter Studies as Topic [Medical Subject Headings]SpainEmergency medicineSchizophreniaSmoking cessation:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Tobacco Use::Tobacco Use Cessation::Smoking Cessation [Medical Subject Headings]Smoking Cessationbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTrials
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Semiquantitative assessment of pre-core stop-codon mutant and wildtype hepatitis B virus during the course of chronic hepatitis B using a new PCR-bas…

1996

In most patients with chronic hepatitis B positive for antibodies (anti-HBe) to HBe antigen (HBeAg), a pre-core mutant hepatitis B virus (HBV) with a point-mutation at nt. 1896 can be isolated. Clinical significance of the mutant virus in chronic hepatitis B is not proven yet, and screening of large numbers of sera during different clinical courses of numerous patients is necessary. We therefore aimed to develop a fast and reliable assay, that allows to discriminate wildtype from nt. 1896 G-->A mutant HBV and to determine the ratio of mutant and wildtype HBV in patients' sera. A mutation specific polymerase chain reaction (ms PCR) with new primers served to distinguish nt. 1896 G-->A mutant…

Hepatitis B virusMutantPopulationBiologymedicine.disease_causePolymerase Chain ReactionSensitivity and SpecificityViruslaw.inventionlawVirologymedicineHumansPoint MutationHepatitis B e AntigenseducationPolymerase chain reactionHepatitis B viruseducation.field_of_studyWild typevirus diseasesGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationHepatitis BVirologydigestive system diseasesHBeAgHepadnaviridaeEvaluation Studies as TopicChronic DiseaseCodon TerminatorFollow-Up Studies
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Evaluation of enantioselective binding of basic drugs to plasma by ACE.

2007

The present paper deals with the evaluation of the stereoselective binding of antihistamines (brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine, hydroxyzine, orphenadrine and phenindamine), phenothiazines (promethazine and trimeprazine) and a local anesthetic (bupivacaine) to human plasma proteins. Since all of them are drugs highly bound to proteins, a methodology to determine the bound fraction of each drug enantiomer was proposed. This methodology includes the incubation of samples containing plasma and racemic drug, ultrafiltration of the mixture and the chiral separation of enantiomers in the bound drug fraction using affinity EKC (AEKC)-partial filling technique and HSA as chiral selector. The result…

HydroxyzinePhenindamineChromatographyChemistryClinical BiochemistryTrimeprazineElectrophoresis CapillaryUltrafiltrationStereoisomerismBlood ProteinsBrompheniramineBiochemistryBlood proteinsBupivacaineAnalytical ChemistryPromethazineEvaluation Studies as TopicmedicineOrphenadrineHistamine H1 AntagonistsHumansEnantiomermedicine.drugElectrophoresis
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Tumor tissue oxygenation as evaluated by computerized-po2-histography

1990

A computerized pO2 measurement system with a novel electrode motion pattern (Sigma-pO2-histography) was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The system was found to be reliable in 0.9% saline and 10% hydroxyethylene starch solution and in fresh donor blood. Marked deviations were found in lipid and hemoglobin solutions and in fluorocarbon emulsions. Histograms obtained in rat liver, mouse muscle, and subcutis were similar to previously reported distributions. Direct comparison between Sigma-Eppendorf and self-constructed Whalen-type electrodes in hypoxic tumors gave similar results. A large series of measurements indicated that hypoxic and anoxic tissue areas were frequently found both in isogra…

HyperthermiaCancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyPartial Pressuremedicine.medical_treatmentUterine Cervical NeoplasmsBreast NeoplasmsIn Vitro TechniquesCell LineMiceOxygen ConsumptionVascularityComputer SystemsIn vivoNeoplasmsmedicineAnimalsHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingElectrodesSalineRadiationbusiness.industryHyperthermia InducedNeoplasms ExperimentalOxygenationTumor Oxygenationmedicine.diseaseRatsOxygen tensionOncologyEvaluation Studies as TopicFemalemedicine.symptombusinessPerfusionNeoplasm TransplantationInternational Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
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Influence of ligand density on the properties of metal-chelate affinity supports.

1993

A new procedure has been developed to immobilize iminodiacetic acid (IDA) onto the surface of silica supports, such as LiChrospher Si-1000 and 1.5-microns nonporous silica, for use in high-performance immobilized metal affinity chromatography (HPIMAC) of proteins. This IDA immobilization method has been achieved through the synthesis of a new silylation reagent, 1-(iminodiacetic acid di-tert-butylester)-3-glycidoxy-propyltrimethoxysilane (IDA-silane). Various modified silicas of different ligand densities have been prepared by using mixtures between 1 and 100% of the IDA-silane diluted with the corresponding 3-glycidoxy-propyltrimethoxysilane (GLYMO-silane). Frontal analysis was used with t…

Iminodiacetic acidInorganic chemistryBiophysicsLigandsBiochemistryChromatography AffinityCoordination complexMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionAffinity chromatographyConcanavalin AChelationMolecular BiologyChelating Agentschemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographyChemistryLigandImino AcidsProteinsCell BiologySilicon DioxideEvaluation Studies as Topicvisual_artReagentvisual_art.visual_art_mediumMuramidaseAdsorptionCopperAnalytical biochemistry
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Evaluation of two oxygen analyzers by computerized data acquisition and processing

1986

Monitoring of inspired oxygen concentration during anesthesia with nitrous oxide is becoming accepted as essential. This type of monitoring demands accurate monitors that respond rapidly. We evaluated two such devices for their response patterns to rapid changes in oxygen concentration, a galvanic or "fuel cell" unit and a polarographic device. Data were stored after analog-to-digital conversion. The response patterns to stepwise changes in nitrous oxide and oxygen mixtures were recorded at flow rates ranging from 2 to 10 L/min. Both units responded accurately to all changes in the absolute oxygen concentration; the polarographic unit was, on average, twice as fast. Responsiveness to nitrou…

Inspired oxygen concentrationComputersNitrous OxideGeneral EngineeringAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementResponse timeNitrous oxideAnesthesia GeneralCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineOxygenVolumetric flow rateOxygenchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryEvaluation Studies as TopicCalibrationGalvanic cellHumansLimiting oxygen concentrationMonitoring PhysiologicPolarographyJournal of Clinical Monitoring
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Induction of accessory cell function of human alveolar macrophages by inhalation of human natural interleukin-2.

1996

Accessory function allows antigen-presenting cells to produce sufficient secondary signals for optimum T cell proliferation and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production. Alveolar macrophages are inferior accessory cells compared to monocytes (PBM). We report here that the accessory index (AI) of alveolar macrophages and PBM of patients with lung metastases of solid tumors treated with inhalations of human natural IL-2 (hnIL-2) increased following its administration (P0.005). The accessory index was significantly elevated from baseline values after 2 weeks of inhalation of 300,000 IU hnIL-2/day (8.2 +/- 10.2 compared to 1.1 +/- 1; P0.001). The inhalation of 150,000 IU also induced increases in the in…

Interleukin 2AdultCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyLung Neoplasmsmedicine.medical_treatmentImmunologyAntigen-Presenting CellsInternal medicineAdministration InhalationMacrophages AlveolarmedicineImmunology and AllergyHumansAntigen-presenting cellCarcinoma Renal CellAgedLungmedicine.diagnostic_testInhalationbusiness.industryMonocyteMiddle AgedKidney NeoplasmsEndocrinologyCytokineBronchoalveolar lavagemedicine.anatomical_structureCarcinoma BronchogenicOncologyEvaluation Studies as TopicImmunologyInterleukin-2Pulmonary alveolusbusinessBronchoalveolar Lavage Fluidmedicine.drugCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII
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Familial aggregation of tumors and detection of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer in 3-year experience of 2 population-based colorectal-canc…

1995

The clinical data of 2 population-based registries, located in areas with different incidence rates of colorectal cancer, were used in order to assess the role of familial factors in the pathogenesis of these tumors. The occurrence of tumors in family members was investigated in 389 subjects with colorectal cancer registered in Modena (Northern Italy, an area characterized by a high incidence of colorectal malignancies) between 1984 and 1986; similar information was obtained in 213 patients with tumors of the large bowel registered in Ragusa (Sicily, Southern Italy, an area of similar magnitude and with low incidence rates for these tumors) in the 3-year period 1988 to 1990. In both series,…

MaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyColorectal cancerPopulationRisk FactorsInternal medicineEpidemiologyPrevalenceMedicineHumansRegistriesRisk factoreducationAgedFamily Healtheducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)IncidenceCancerFamily aggregationmedicine.diseaseColorectal Neoplasms Hereditary NonpolyposisLynch syndromeSurgerynot availableOncologyItalyEvaluation Studies as TopicCase-Control StudiesFemalebusinessColorectal NeoplasmsInternational journal of cancer
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A Method for the Cryopreservation of Liver Parenchymal Cells for Studies of Xenobiotics

1993

Abstract An optimized computer-controlled freezing protocol for the cryopreservation of rat liver parenchymal cells was developed. The best survival rates were obtained when a slow cooling rate was used and when the supercooling was interrupted with a shock cooling to initiate ice nucleation. Ten percent dimethyl sulfoxide was added and removed gradually for best results. Thawed rat liver parenchymal cells had a viability, as judged by trypan blue exclusion, of 69% (SD = 6) versus 82% (SD = 7) for freshly isolated cells. The content and activities of the xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, cytochrome P450. UDP-glucuronosyl transferase, and microsomal and cytosolic epoxide hydrolase, were not a…

MaleCryobiologyCell SurvivalGuinea PigsIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCryopreservationXenobioticsRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundDogsSpecies SpecificityCricetinaeBenzo(a)pyrenemedicineAnimalsHumansDimethyl SulfoxideEpoxide hydrolaseCryopreservationGeneral MedicineMolecular biologyRatsmedicine.anatomical_structureLiverBiochemistrychemistryEvaluation Studies as TopicHepatocyteMicrosomeTrypan blueGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesPercollDrug metabolismCryobiology
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