Search results for "Evidence-based"
showing 10 items of 353 documents
Food selectivity in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review.
2013
Autism spectrum disorders are characterized by difficulties with reciprocal social interactions and restricted patterns of behavior and interest; one of these characteristic behaviors is food selectivity. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature published between 1970 and 2013 concerning this eating behavior. The articles identified were analyzed in terms of sample size, study design, and criteria for assessment and intervention, as well as the results, level of evidence and grade of recommendation. The main search was conducted in Medline, Cochrane Library, Scielo, ScienceDirect, and Embase). There is empirical evidence and an overall scientific con…
Use of autologous conditioned serum (Orthokine) for the treatment of the degenerative osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint. Review of the li…
2012
Objectives: Treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) using autologous conditioned serum (ACS) has become in recent years an alternative to consider in the approach of the degenerative joint disease of the knee. There is no support in the literature for the use of ACS for the treatment of OA of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), although the promising results obtained in human patients with knee joint disease as well as in animal studies are opening the way for its use at the TMJ. The aim of this paper is to conduct a review of the published literature regarding the use of the ACS for the treatment of OA in humans, considering the level of scientific evidence, and following the principles of the evi…
Extracellular vesicles in cancer pros and cons: The importance of the evidence-based medicine
2021
In this paper we want to introduce a hot topic for clinical and translational research in oncology and all the related medical fields: the "exosomology", i.e., the science that looks at exosomes as nanovesicular tools for theranostics. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) of nanometric sizes actively secreted by normal and, above all, tumor cells. Among the EVs, exosomes are surely the most investigated and with the most promising results, mainly for what concerns their potential as representing the future of the so-called "liquid biopsy". Unfortunately, the huge and increasing amount of data coming from preclinical studies was not followed by an adequate number of clinical investigati…
Il progetto “Genitorialità e Benessere” Un percorso di formazione per genitori con figli adolescenti
2012
Use of ICS in COPD: From Blockbuster Medicine to Precision Medicine
2017
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of mortality worldwide, whose burden is expected to increase in the next decades, because of numerous risk factors, including the aging of the population. COPD is both preventable and treatable by an effective management including risk factor reduction, prevention, assessment, and treatment of acute exacerbations and co-morbidities. The available agents approved for COPD treatment are long-acting or ultra-long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) and long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) bronchodilators, as well as inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in combination with LABAs. ICS use has been restricted only to selected COPD patients by th…
Educational Impact Evaluation of Professional Development of In-Service Teachers: The Case of the Dialogic Pedagogical Gatherings at Valencia “On Gia…
2021
There is a broad consensus on the impact of teacher quality on students’ outcomes. However, the debate on how to evaluate the impact of teacher training on student improvement remains open. The evaluation of the impact of in-service teacher training, organized in a network for different schools, has been analyzed very little to date. Our research displays an innovative approach in this regard, through an In-Service Professional Development Program based upon scientific evidence and dialogic principles: The Pedagogical Gatherings “On Giant’s Shoulders”. We conducted a multilevel communicative study to analyze its impact upon students’ achievement and schools’ outcomes whose teachers taking p…
64 The fact that ‘the scandal of poor medical research’ by douglas altman (1994) largely holds true today insinuates the persistent conduct and disse…
2019
The objective of this submission is to describe four additional suggestions to alleviate issues around the quality of research and publications. Currently, positive results are twice as likely to be published as negative results. Advocating the publication of negative findings too would beseech individuals to report true findings and be less tempted to fabricate data. Moreover, negative findings help expedite the process of uncovering positive results and is supported by ‘Missing pieces’ by PLOS ONE and the journal ‘Negative results’. However, their negligible impact factor and low profile may dissuade researchers from exhibiting their work here. It can be challenging for new journals to co…
Assessing the quality of studies in meta-research: Review/guidelines on the most important quality assessment tools
2020
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses pool data from individual studies to generate a higher level of evidence to be evaluated by guidelines. These reviews ultimately guide clinicians and stakeholders in health-related decisions. However, the informativeness and quality of evidence synthesis inherently depend on the quality of what has been pooled into meta-research projects. Moreover, beyond the quality of included individual studies, only a methodologically correct process, in relation to systematic reviews and meta-analyses themselves, can produce a reliable and valid evidence synthesis. Hence, quality of meta-research projects also affects evidence synthesis reliability. In this overview…
A Comparative Expert Survey on Measuring and Enhancing Children and Young People’s Well-Being in Europe
2018
The understanding of children and young peoples’ well-being varies greatly not just between different experts and scholars, but also across countries and cultures, depending on the historical and socio-economic context. However, an effective application of scholarly research to policy-making, especially at the supra-national level, requires establishing a comparable set of indicators that would allow measuring and comparing children and young people’s well-being across countries, over time and in relation to specific policy instruments. This chapter outlines the key findings from a Delphi survey, comprising a panel of 334 European experts in the fields of survey methodology, children and yo…