Search results for "ExAC"

showing 10 items of 1440 documents

Numerical study of the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation and dispersive shock waves

2018

A detailed numerical study of the long time behaviour of dispersive shock waves in solutions to the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) I equation is presented. It is shown that modulated lump solutions emerge from the dispersive shock waves. For the description of dispersive shock waves, Whitham modulation equations for KP are obtained. It is shown that the modulation equations near the soliton line are hyperbolic for the KPII equation while they are elliptic for the KPI equation leading to a focusing effect and the formation of lumps. Such a behaviour is similar to the appearance of breathers for the focusing nonlinear Schrodinger equation in the semiclassical limit.

Shock waveBreatherGeneral MathematicsGeneral Physics and AstronomySemiclassical physicsFOS: Physical sciencesPattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEs[ MATH.MATH-AP ] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]0103 physical sciencesModulation (music)FOS: Mathematics[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]Mathematics - Numerical Analysis0101 mathematicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaNonlinear Schrödinger equationNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsLine (formation)PhysicsKadomtsev-Petviashvili equationKadomtsev Petviashvili equatuonNonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsDispersive Shock waves010102 general mathematicsGeneral EngineeringNumerical Analysis (math.NA)Dispersive shock waves[ MATH.MATH-NA ] Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]Whitham equationsNonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and SolitonsLumpsKadomtsev Petviashvili equation dispersive shock wavesClassical mechanicsNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemssymbolsSolitonExactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)[MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]Kadomtsev Petviashvili equationAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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Indications of a Si-rich bilateral jet of ejecta in the Vela SNR observed with XMM-Newton

2017

Context. The Vela supernova remnant displays several ejecta, which are fragment-like features protruding beyond the front of its primary blast shock wave. They appear to be "shrapnel", bowshock-shaped relics of the supernova explosion. One of these pieces of shrapnel (A), located in the northeastern edge of the remnant, is peculiar because its X-ray spectrum exhibits a high Si abundance, in contrast to the other observed ejecta fragments, which show enhanced O, Ne, and Mg abundances. Aims. In this Letter we present the analysis of another ejecta fragment located opposite to shrapnel A with respect to the center of the shell, in the southwestern boundary of the remnant, named shrapnel G. We …

Shock waveCiencias AstronómicasSupernova remnantsCiencias FísicasAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaindividual objects: Vela SNR [ISM]FOS: Physical sciencesContext (language use)AstrophysicsVela01 natural sciences//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]Nucleosynthesis0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsISM [X-rays]EjectaVELA SNR010303 astronomy & astrophysicsISM: supernova remnantAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsISM: supernova remnantsLine (formation)PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Vela Supernova RemnantX rays010308 nuclear & particles physicssupernova remnants [ISM]Astronomy and Astrophysics//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https]Astronomy and AstrophysicX-rays: ISMAstronomíaSupernovaISM: individual objects: Vela SNRSpace and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASInsterstellar mediumAstronomy & Astrophysics
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Photonic fractional Fourier transformer with a single dispersive device

2013

In this work we used the temporal analog of spatial Fresnel diffraction to design a temporal fractional Fourier transformer with a single dispersive device, in this way avoiding the use of quadratic phase modulators. We demonstrate that a single dispersive passive device inherently provides the fractional Fourier transform of an incident optical pulse. The relationships linking the fractional Fourier transform order and scaling factor with the dispersion parameters are derived. We first provide some numerical results in order to prove the validity of our proposal, using a fiber Bragg grating as the dispersive device. Next, we experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of this proposal by us…

Signal processingMaterials scienceOptical fiberEspectroscòpia infraroja de transformada de FourierCiencias FísicasPhysics::OpticsFractional fourier transformFiber opticslaw.invention//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]symbols.namesakeOpticsFiber Bragg gratinglawFiber Optic Technologysignal processingÓpticafiber opticsFourier Analysisbusiness.industryShort-time Fourier transformFísica//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https]Equipment DesignÒpticaAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFractional Fourier transformFractional Fourier transformEquipment Failure AnalysisRefractometryFourier transformEnergy TransferFourier analysissymbolsTelecommunicationsComputer-Aided DesignPhotonicsbusinessCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASFresnel diffraction
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Silicatein: Nanobiotechnological and Biomedical Applications

2009

Silica-based materials are used in many high-tech products including microelectronics, optoelectronics, and catalysts. Siliceous sponges (Demospongiae and Hexactinellida) are unique in their ability to synthesize silica enzymatically. We have cloned the silica-forming enzymes, silicateins, from both demosponges (marine and freshwater sponges) and hexactinellid sponges. The recombinant enzymes allow the synthesis of silica under environmentally benign ambient conditions, while the technical (chemical) production of silica commonly requires high temperatures and pressures, and extremes of pH. Silicateins can be used for the fabrication of highly-ordered inorganic–organic composite materials w…

Siliceous spongeGallium oxideHexactinellidNanotechnologyBiologybiology.organism_classification
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Biogenic Inorganic Polysilicates (Biosilica): Formation and Biomedical Applications

2013

The siliceous sponges, the demosponges and hexactinellid glass sponges, are unique in their ability to form biosilica structures with complex architectures through an enzyme-catalyzed mechanism. The biosilica skeleton of these sponges with its hierarchically structure and exceptional opto-mechanical properties has turned out to be an excellent model for the design of biomimetic nanomaterials with novel property combinations. In addition, biosilica shows morphogenetic activity that offers novel applications in the field of bone tissue engineering and repair. In recent years, much progress has been achieved towards the understanding of the principal enzymes, the silicateins that form the spon…

Siliceous spongeSpongeSponge spiculePolycondensation reactionbiologyHexactinellidNanobiotechnologyNanomedicineNanotechnologybiology.organism_classificationBone tissue engineering
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Ag2 and Ag3 clusters: synthesis, characterization, and interaction with DNA.

2015

Subnanometric samples, containing exclusively Ag2 and Ag3 clusters, were synthesized for the first time by kinetic control using an electrochemical technique without the use of surfactants or capping agents. By combination of thermodynamic and kinetic measurements and theoretical calculations, we show herein that Ag3 clusters interact with DNA through intercalation, inducing significant structural distortion to the DNA. The lifetime of Ag3 clusters in the intercalated position is two to three orders of magnitude longer than for classical organic intercalators, such as ethidium bromide or proflavine. Fil: Buceta, David. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; España Fil: Busto, Natalia. Unive…

SilverStereochemistryFísico-Química Ciencia de los Polímeros ElectroquímicaIntercalation (chemistry)electrochemical synthesiElectrochemistryCatalysisCatalysiscluster compoundchemistry.chemical_compoundintercalationElectrochemistryProflavineDNA synthesisChemistryChemistry (all)Ciencias QuímicasGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineDNAXANESXANESCharacterization (materials science)CrystallographyOrders of magnitude (time)BiochemistrySettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaEthidium bromideCLUSTERSKINETIC CONTROLCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASDNAAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
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New solvability conditions for the Neumann problem for ordinary singular differential equations

2000

Singular solutionGeneral MathematicsOrdinary differential equationMathematical analysisNeumann boundary conditionExact differential equationDifferential algebraic equationAnalysisMathematicsSeparable partial differential equationNeumann seriesIntegrating factorDifferential Equations
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Fiat lux: the light became therapy. An overview on the Bright Light Therapy in Alzheimer’s Disease sleep disorders

2020

Background: A system of photosensitive retinal ganglion cells provides ‘non-visual’ information on the circadian sequences of light to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which, as the ‘master clock’, synchronizes the chronobiological mechanisms of all the biological clocks. Damage to SCN structure alters circadian behavioral and hormonal rhythms and interferes with a regular sleep-wake pattern. Several studies have shown that, in aging and in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), circadian rhythms change their synchronization with the environment and behavior loses sync with light. Objective: The current overview aims to examine research studies showing the effect of bright light therapy (BLT) on sleep…

Sleep Wake Disorderscircadian rhythmlight boxeExacerbationPopulationPneumonia Viralbiological clockDiseaseRhythmAlzheimer DiseasemedicineSleep disorder.HumansCircadian rhythmAlzheimer’s Diseaseretinal ganglion celleducationPandemicsSleep disordereducation.field_of_studySettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaSuprachiasmatic nucleusbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceIntrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cellssuprachiasmatic nucleuCOVID-19General MedicinePhototherapymedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologySunlightSuprachiasmatic NucleusGeriatrics and Gerontologybright light therapybusinessCoronavirus InfectionsNeuroscience
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Practical formula for the evaluation of high-order multiphoton absorption in thin nonlinear media

2009

We present an analytical formula for the fast and accurate evaluation of nonlinear absorption in materials exhibiting an admixture of different multiphoton processes. This approach is specifically addressed for its use in thin films when the slowly varying envelope approximation applies. The contribution of absorptions of distinct order is conveniently averaged in order to use well-known expressions for a single multiphoton process. In the latter case, therefore, our simple expression is reduced toward the exact solution.

Slowly varying envelope approximationMaterials sciencebusiness.industryNonlinear opticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsExpression (mathematics)Computational physicsNonlinear systemOpticsExact solutions in general relativitySimple (abstract algebra)Thin filmbusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Journal of Modern Optics
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Artificial Vision and Soft Computing

1999

The term soft-computing has been introduced by Zadeh in 1994. Soft-computing provides an appropriate paradigm to program malleable and smooth concepts. For example, it can be used to introduce flexibility in artificial systems to improve their Intelligent Quotient. The aim of this paper is to describe the applicability of soft-computing to artificial vision problems. Good performance of this approach is assured by the fact that digital images are examples of fuzzy entities, where shapes are not always describable by exact equations and their approximation can be very complex.

Soft computingFlexibility (engineering)Algebra and Number TheoryComputer sciencebusiness.industryFuzzy setExact differential equationImage segmentationFuzzy logicTheoretical Computer ScienceTerm (time)Computational Theory and MathematicsArtificial intelligencebusinessInformation SystemsFundamenta Informaticae
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