Search results for "Exact solution"

showing 10 items of 77 documents

General-relativistic approach to the nonlinear evolution of collisionless matter.

1993

A new general-relativistic algorithm is developed to study the nonlinear evolution of scalar (density) perturbations of an irrotational collisionless fluid up to shell crossing, under the approximation of neglecting the interaction with tensor (gravitational-wave) perturbations. The dynamics of each fluid element is separately followed in its own inertial rest frame by a system of twelve coupled first-order ordinary differential equations, which can be further reduced to six under very general conditions. Initial conditions are obtained in a cosmological framework, from linear theory, in terms of a single gauge-invariant potential. Physical observables, which are expressed in the Lagrangian…

PhysicsClassical mechanicsExact solutions in general relativityGeneral relativityDifferential equationOrdinary differential equationEinstein field equationsLinear systemInitial value problemPerfect fluidAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsPhysical review. D, Particles and fields
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The exact solution of the diffusion trapping model of defect profiling with variable energy positrons

2013

We report an exact analytical solution of so-called positron diffusion trapping model. This model have been widely used for the treatment of the experimental data for defect profiling of the adjoin surface layer using the variable energy positron (VEP) beam technique. Hovewer, up to now this model could be treated only numerically with so-called VEPFIT program. The explicit form of the solutions is obtained for the realistic cases when defect profile is described by a discreet step-like function and continuous exponential-like function. Our solutions allow to derive the analytical expressions for typical positron annihilation characteristics including the positron lifetime spectrum. Latter …

PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyExperimental dataMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesTrappingFunction (mathematics)CoincidenceExact solutions in general relativityPositronPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsDiffusion (business)Beam (structure)
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Misbeliefs and misunderstandings about the non-Markovian dynamics of a damped harmonic oscillator

2003

We use the exact solution for the damped harmonic oscillator to discuss some relevant aspects of its open dynamics often mislead or misunderstood. We compare two different approximations both referred to as Rotating Wave Approximation. Using a specific example, we clarify some issues related to non--Markovian dynamics, non--Lindblad type dynamics, and positivity of the density matrix.

PhysicsDensity matrixQuantum PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Dynamics (mechanics)FOS: Physical sciencesMarkov processType (model theory)Atomic and Molecular Physics and Opticssymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsExact solutions in general relativitydecoherence non-Markovian dynamics damped harmonicoscillatorsymbolsRotating wave approximationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Harmonic oscillatorJournal of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics
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Dynamical behaviour of an XX central spin model through Bethe ansatz techniques

2009

Following the Bethe ansazt procedure the exact dynamics of an XX central spin model is revealed. Particular initial conditions are analyzed and the consequent time evolution is compared with the exact solution obtained by solving the time-dependent Schrudinger equation. The interest towards spin systems and in particular central spin systems, is motivated by the recent developments in more applicative contexts.

PhysicsExact solutions in general relativityQuantum mechanicsSpin modelTime evolutionCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMathematical PhysicsBethe ansatzMathematical physicsSpin-½Reports on Mathematical Physics
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Pair and triple correlations in theA+B→Bdiffusion-controlled reaction

1994

An exact solution for the one-dimensional kinetics of the diffusion-controlled reaction A+B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}B is obtained by means of the three-particle correlation functions. Because of a lattice discreteness each site could be occupied by a single particle only which leads to the so-called ``bus effect'': Recombination of any particle A is defined by a spatial configuration of two nearest particles B only surrounding A from its left and right. This results in the unusual algebraic decay law, n(t)\ensuremath{\propto}${\mathit{t}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, which asymptotically (as t\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}) does not depend on the trap B concentration.

PhysicsExact solutions in general relativitySpatial configurationLattice (order)Diffusion-controlled reactionGeneral Physics and AstronomyAlgebraic numberAtomic physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Rotating black holes in Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity: an exact solution

2020

We find an exact, rotating charged black hole solution within Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity. To this end we employ a recently developed correspondence or {\it mapping} between modified gravity models built as scalars out of contractions of the metric with the Ricci tensor, and formulated in metric-affine spaces (Ricci-Based Gravity theories) and General Relativity. This way, starting from the Kerr-Newman solution, we show that this mapping bring us the axisymmetric solutions of Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity coupled to a certain model of non-linear electrodynamics. We discuss the most relevant physical features of the solutions obtained this way, both in the spherically sym…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryGravity (chemistry)Modified gravityFísica-Modelos matemáticos010308 nuclear & particles physicsGeneral relativityRotational symmetryFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsGR black holesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Charged black hole01 natural sciencesGravitational-wave astronomyGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyTheoretical physicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyExact solutions in general relativityHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)0103 physical sciencesMetric (mathematics)Física matemáticaWormholesRicci curvature
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Impact of curvature divergences on physical observers in a wormhole space-time with horizons

2016

The impact of curvature divergences on physical observers in a black hole space-time which, nonetheless, is geodesically complete is investigated. This space-time is an exact solution of certain extensions of General Relativity coupled to Maxwell's electrodynamics and, roughly speaking, consists on two Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m (or Schwarzschild or Minkowski) geometries connected by a spherical wormhole near the center. We find that, despite the existence of infinite tidal forces, causal contact is never lost among the elements making up the observer. This suggests that curvature divergences may not be as pathological as traditionally thought.

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)010308 nuclear & particles physicsGeneral relativitySpace timeFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Curvature01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyTheoretical physicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyExact solutions in general relativityHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Causal contact0103 physical sciencesMinkowski spaceWormhole010306 general physicsSchwarzschild radius
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Inductance Calculations for Circular Coils of Rectangular Cross Section and Parallel Axes Using Bessel and Struve Functions

2010

A simple method for calculating the mutual and self inductances of circular coils of rectangular cross section and parallel axes is presented. The method applies to non-coaxial as well as coaxial coils, and self inductance can be calculated by considering two identical coils which coincide in space. It is assumed that current density is homogeneous in the coil windings. The inductances are given in terms of one-dimensional integrals involving Bessel and Struve functions, and an exact solution is given for one of these integrals. The remaining terms can be evaluated numerically to great accuracy using computer packages such as Mathematica. The method is compared with other exact methods for …

PhysicsMathematical analysisSpace (mathematics)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsInductancesymbols.namesakeCross section (physics)Nuclear magnetic resonanceExact solutions in general relativityElectromagnetic coilStruve functionsymbolsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCoaxialBessel functionIEEE Transactions on Magnetics
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Location of transition states and stable intermediates by MINIMAX/MINIMI optimization of synchronous transit pathways

1983

The MINIMAX/MINIMI concept for the location of transition states and/or stable intermediates of chemical reactions is introduced, based on the synchronous transit method. According to this strategy, minimization of quadratic synchronous transit path maxima or minima is achieved by constrained exhaustive optimization of internal coordinates. The method and its efficiency are demonstrated for two-dimensional model surfaces as well as for thermally allowed electrocyclic interconversions of cyclopropyl-/allyl-cation and cyclobutene-/butadiene (gauche) within the framework of MNDO-SCF calculations. Thus, in both cases a direct comparison with the exact solution determined by minimization of the …

PhysicsMaxima and minimaExact solutions in general relativityQuadratic equationNorm (mathematics)Applied mathematicsChiropracticsMinificationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMinimaxMaximaTransition stateTheoretica Chimica Acta
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Final State Interaction Effects in 3He(e ,e'p)

2003

Abstract Asymmetries in quasi-elastic 3 He ( e → , e ′ p ) have been measured at a momentum transfer of 0.67 (GeV/ c ) 2 and are compared to a calculation which takes into account relativistic kinematics in the final state and a relativistic one-body current operator. With an exact solution of the Faddeev equation for the 3 He -ground state and an approximate treatment of final state interactions in the continuum good agreement is found with the experimental data.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCurrent (mathematics)3He-structure010308 nuclear & particles physicsOperator (physics)Continuum (design consultancy)Momentum transferKinematicsState (functional analysis)01 natural sciencesExact solutions in general relativityQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamics0103 physical sciencesFinal-state interactionPolarized electron scattering010306 general physicsGround statePhysics Letters B
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