Search results for "Exam"

showing 10 items of 1241 documents

Picomolar inhibition of cholera toxin by a pentavalent ganglioside GM1os-calix[5]arene

2013

Cholera toxin (CT), the causative agent of cholera, displays a pentavalent binding domain that targets the oligosaccharide of ganglioside GM1 (GM1os) on the periphery of human abdominal epithelial cells. Here, we report the first GM1os-based CT inhibitor that matches the valency of the CT binding domain (CTB). This pentavalent inhibitor contains five GM1os moieties linked to a calix[5]arene scaffold. When evaluated by an inhibition assay, it achieved a picomolar inhibition potency (IC50 = 450 pM) for CTB. This represents a significant multivalency effect, with a relative inhibitory potency of 100000 compared to a monovalent GM1os derivative, making GM1os-calix[5]arene one of the most potent…

Models MolecularCholera ToxinbindingStereochemistrydesignCalix[5]areneEpithelial cellsG(M1) GangliosideHeat-labile enterotoxinmedicine.disease_causeligandBiochemistrycrystalMultivalency effectsCholeraCausative agentsmedicinePotencyHumansoligosaccharidePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIC50Vibrio choleraeheat-labile enterotoxinVLAGchemistry.chemical_classificationgm1 mimicsGangliosideInhibition assaysChemistryCholera toxinOrganic ChemistryOligosaccharideBinding domainLigand (biochemistry)ValenciesOrganische ChemiehexamethylenetetramineChemistryPositive ionsaffinityAntitoxinsCalixarenesrecognitionBinding domain
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All hierarchical levels are involved in conformational transitions of the 4×6-meric tarantula hemocyanin upon oxygenation

2002

The respiratory protein of the tarantula Eurypelma californicum is a 4 x 6-meric hemocyanin that binds oxygen with high cooperativity. This requires the existence of different conformations which have been confirmed by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Here we present reconstructed 3D-models of the oxy- and deoxy-forms of tarantula hemocyanins, as obtained by fitting small angle X-rays scattering curves on the basis of known X-ray structures and electron microscopy of related hemocyanins. For the first time, the involvement of movements at all levels of the quaternary structure was confirmed for an arthropod hemocyanin upon oxygenation. The two identical 2 x 6-meric half-molecules of the…

Models MolecularMacromolecular SubstancesProtein Conformationmedicine.medical_treatmentAllosteric regulationBiophysicsCooperativityRandom hexamerBiochemistryOligomerAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineAnimalsMolecular BiologySmall-angle X-ray scatteringSpidersHemocyaninOxygenRespiratory proteinCrystallographychemistryHemocyaninsProtein quaternary structureOxidation-ReductionProtein BindingBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics
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NMR study of hexanucleotide d(CCGCGG)2 containing two triplet repeats of fragile X syndrome

2003

Abstract Long repeated stretches of d(CCG) and tri-nucleotide are crucial mutations that cause hereditary forms of mental retardation (fragile X-syndrome). Moreover, the alternating (CG) di-nucleotide is one of the candidates for Z-DNA conformation. Solution NMR structure of d(CCGCGG) 2 has been solved and is discussed. The determined NMR solution structure is a distorted highly bent B-DNA conformation with increased flexibility in both terminal residues. This conformation differs significantly from the Z-DNA tetramer structure reported for the same hexamer in the crystal state at similar ionic strength by Malinina and co-workers. Crystal structure of d(CCGCGG) 2 at high salt concentration …

Models MolecularMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyOligonucleotidesBiophysicsCrystal structureRandom hexamerRing (chemistry)Biochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundTetramerNucleic AcidsHumansMoleculeComputer SimulationMolecular BiologyRecombination Geneticchemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryDNACell BiologyFuranoseCrystallographyIonic strengthFragile X SyndromeNucleic Acid ConformationTrinucleotide Repeat ExpansionCytosineBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
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Carbon nanorings: A challenge to theoretical chemistry

2006

High-level quantum-chemical methods show that the binding in the inclusion complex of hexamethylbenzene (HMB) in 6-cycloparaphenilacetylene (6-CPPA) cannot be explained only in terms of electrostatic interactions - caused by the polarization associated to curved π-conjugated systems - and the inclusion of dispersion forces is definitely needed. The theoretical description of van der Waals interactions is notoriously complicated and in fact some DFT methods cannot even predict the existence of the relatively small supramolecular nanoring studied here. However, ab initio MP2 calculations agree with experimental data and show that, in the considered complex, the HMB fragment is placed at the …

Models MolecularNanoringAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticBinding energyAb initioThermodynamicsLondon dispersion forcechemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsAb initio quantum chemistry methodsBenzene DerivativesTheoretical chemistryHexamethylbenzeneComputer SimulationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPolarization (electrochemistry)Ab initio calculationChemistryCycloparaffinsCarbonAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsNanostructuresInclusion compoundPhysical chemistryDispersion interactionDensity functional calculation
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Cockroach allergens Per a 3 are oligomers

2009

Allergens from cockroaches cause major asthma-related health problems worldwide. Among them Per a 3 belongs to the most potent allergens. Although the sequences of some members of the Per a 3-family are known, their biochemical and biophysical properties have not been investigated. Here we present for the first time a thorough structural characterization of these allergens, which have recently been tested to induce an increase of allergy specific indicators in blood of Europeans. We isolated two Per a 3 isoforms, which occur freely dissolved in the hemolymph as hexamers with molecular masses of 465+/-25kDa (P II) and 512+/-25kDa (P I). Their sedimentation coefficients (S(20,W)) were determi…

Models MolecularSequence analysismedicine.medical_treatmentProtein subunitMolecular Sequence DataImmunologySequence alignmentRandom hexamermedicine.disease_causeMass SpectrometryAllergenmedicineAnimalsPeriplanetaProtein IsoformsAmino Acid SequencePeptide sequenceBase SequencebiologyCircular DichroismHemocyaninSequence Analysis DNAAllergensbiology.organism_classificationMicroscopy ElectronMicroscopy FluorescenceBiochemistryImmunologyInsect ProteinsElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelAmerican cockroachSequence AlignmentUltracentrifugationDevelopmental BiologyDevelopmental & Comparative Immunology
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Lisdexamfetamine in the treatment of moderate-to-severe binge eating disorder in adults: systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis of publicly …

2016

Michele Fornaro,1,2 Marco Solmi,3–5 Giampaolo Perna,2,6 Domenico De Berardis,2,7 Nicola Veronese,5,8 Laura Orsolini,2,9 Licinia Ganança,1,10 Brendon Stubbs11,12 1New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA; 2Polyedra Research Group®, Ascoli, 3Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, 4Department of Mental Health, National Health Service, Padova, 5IREM Institute for Clinical Research and Education in Medicine, Padova, 6Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hermanas Hospitalarias – Villa San Benedetto Menni Hospital, FoRiPsi, Albese con Cassano, Como, 7Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagn…

Moderate to severemedicine.medical_specialtyNeuropsychiatric Disease and TreatmentNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatrymeta-analysis.Placebolisdexamfetaminemeta-analysilaw.inventionFood and drug administration03 medical and health sciencessystematic-review0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialsystematic reviewBinge-eating disorderlawmedicinebinge eating disorderlisdexamfetamine binge eating disorder systematic review meta-analysisPsychiatryRC346-429Original Researchbusiness.industrydigestive oral and skin physiologymedicine.disease030227 psychiatrymeta-analysisLisdexamfetamineMeta-analysisbinge eating disorder; lisdexamfetamine; meta-analysis; systematic reviewNeurology. Diseases of the nervous systembusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugRC321-571Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment
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The efficacy of etodolac and ibuprofen, regarding gender, on pain, edema and trismus after impacted lower third molar surgery:a randomized prospectiv…

2020

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:54:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Background: This study aimed to conduct a randomized prospective study about the efficacy of etodolac and ibuprofen on trismus, pain and edema regarding gender of patients submitted to impacted lower third molar teeth extraction. Material and Methods: Thirty patients aging between 16 and 35 year-old were submitted to the exodontia of impacted lower third molars. During the postoperative period, patients received nine ibuprofen (600 mg) or etodolac (300 mg) pills via oral administration immediately after surgery and repeated doses every eight hours during three days. Patients were eva…

MolarAdultMaleAdolescentTooth extractionDentistryketorolacIbuprofendexamethasoneTrismusanti-inflammatory agentsYoung AdultOral administrationThird; sexEdemamedicineEdemaHumansProspective Studiesthird molarEtodolacProspective cohort studyGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASMouthPain Postoperativebusiness.industryResearchTooth ImpactedIbuprofenMolarOtorhinolaryngologyPillTooth ExtractionEtodolacSurgeryFemaleMolar ThirdTrismusmedicine.symptomOral Surgerybusinessmedicine.drug
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Optical magnification has no benefits on the detection of occlusal caries lesions in permanent molars using different visual scoring systems: An in v…

2020

Background Some studies have addressed the influence of optical magnification on the detection of caries lesions using a visual scoring system. However, there is a lack of research related to the use of the CAST and ADA-CCS visual scoring systems. In addition, the reliability and accuracy of ADA-CCS index in permanent teeth were not studied yet. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the influence of different levels of optical magnification on the detection of occlusal caries lesions in permanent molars using three visual scoring systems. Material and Methods One occlusal site per tooth was analyzed in 120 extracted permanent molars. Two trained examiners inspected the teeth …

MolarCaries detectionMagnificationMagnification03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemDentinmedicineVisual examination030212 general & internal medicineGeneral DentistryPermanent teethOrthodonticsReproducibilityEnamel paintbusiness.industryResearchOcclusal caries030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Community and Preventive Dentistrystomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structurevisual_artUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASDental cariesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPermanent teethbusinessOperating microscopeJournal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
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Dental and oral manifestations of celiac disease

2018

Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the dental and oral manifestations in patients with celiac disease. Material and Methods The sample consisted of 40 patients with the disease and 40 without the disease matched by age in southern Brazil. The CD group included patients previously diagnosed by positive anti-endomysial (IgA) examination and confirmed by small intestine biopsy. The presence of dental enamel defects and dental caries was evaluated by a calibrated researcher according to AINE’s and WHO’s criteria, respectively. The history of recurrent aphthous ulcers and dry mouth was obtained through reporting. For the evaluation of the salivary flow, the saliva samples wer…

MolarMaleSalivaAdolescentDentistryDisease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemmedicinePrevalenceHumansIn patientChildGeneral DentistryPermanent teethOral Medicine and Pathologybusiness.industryResearch030206 dentistrySmall intestine biopsyDry mouth:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]stomatognathic diseasesCeliac DiseaseOtorhinolaryngologyTooth DiseasesUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASOral examination030211 gastroenterology & hepatologySurgeryFemalemedicine.symptombusinessMouth DiseasesMedicina Oral, Patología Oral y Cirugía Bucal
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Effects of zoledronic acid and dexamethasone on early phases of socket healing after tooth extraction in rats : a preliminary macroscopic and microsc…

2018

Background The exact pathogenesis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is still unknown. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of zoledronic acid and dexamethasone on the early phases of socket healing in rats subjected to tooth extractions. Material and Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups: pharmacologically treated group (T, n=20) and non-pharmacologically treated group (C, n=10). T group rats received 0.1 mg/Kg of zoledronic acid (ZOL) and 1 mg/Kg of dexamethasone (DEX) three times a week for 10 consecutive weeks. C group rats were infused with vehicle. After 9 weeks from the first infusion, first maxillary molars were extrac…

MolarMalemedicine.medical_specialtyConnective tissueZoledronic AcidDexamethasoneBone remodelingRats Sprague-Dawley03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOsteoclastInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHumansTooth SocketGeneral DentistryDexamethasoneDental alveolusOral Medicine and PathologyBone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonatesbusiness.industryResearchOsteonecrosis030206 dentistrymedicine.disease:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Ratsmedicine.anatomical_structureZoledronic acidEndocrinologyOtorhinolaryngologyUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASTooth ExtractionSurgerybusinessOsteonecrosis of the jawmedicine.drug
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