Search results for "Excitation"

showing 10 items of 1290 documents

Ground- and First-Excited-Singlet-State Electric Dipole Moments of Some Photochromic Spirobenzopyrans in Their Spiropyran and Merocyanine Form

2002

The dipole moments of four photochromic derivatives of indolinospirobenzopyran have been studied in their spiro and their open merocyanine form, in dioxane. Determinations have been done by electrooptical absorption measurements (EOAM). To prepare either a pure spiropyran or a pure merocyanine form solution, the experimental setup had to be modified by addition of a second light beam. In this way thermal equilibration between the spiropyran and the merocyanine form and switching from one form to the other induced by the measuring light beam could be avoided. The ground-state dipole moment of the spiro form amounts to (10−15) × 10-30 C m and increases strongly to about 60 × 10-30 C m with th…

SpiropyranPhotochromismchemistry.chemical_compoundDipoleChemistryMoment (physics)Light beamMerocyaninePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)PhotochemistryExcitationThe Journal of Physical Chemistry A
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Biometric Fish Classification of Nordic Species Using Convolutional Neural Network with Squeeze-and-Excitation

2018

Master's thesis Information- and communication technology IKT590 - University of Agder 2018 Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) is a technique within convolutional neural networks (CNN) that can be applied to existing CNNs by applying fullyconnected layers between convolutional layers and merging the outputs. SE was the winning architecture of the ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC) in 2017. In this thesis, we propose a CNN using the SE architecture for classifying images of sh. Previous work in the eld relies on applying lters to the images to separate the sh from the background or sharpen the images by removing background noise. The images from the dataset are extracted fro…

Squeeze-and-ExcitationIKT590ClassificationVDP::Teknologi: 500::Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsteknologi: 550CNN
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Time delay induced effects on control of linear systems under random excitation

2001

Recursive formulas in terms of statistics of the response of linear systems with time delay under normal white noise input are developed. Two alternative methods are presented, in order to capture the time delay effects. The first is given in an approximate solution obtained by expanding the control force in a Taylor series. The second, available for the stationary solution (if it exists) gets the variance of the controlled system, with time delay in an analytical form. The efficacy loss in terms of statistics of the response is discussed in detail.

State variableMechanical EngineeringLinear systemApproximation theoryRecursive functionAerospace EngineeringOcean EngineeringStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsWhite noiseVariance (accounting)White noiseCondensed Matter Physicssymbols.namesakeNuclear Energy and EngineeringControl theoryControl systemTaylor seriessymbolsDelay circuitExcitationCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematicsGroup delay and phase delayElectric excitation
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Anisotropy-Induced Effects in the Dynamics of an Ion Confined in a Two-Dimensional Paul Trap

2006

We investigate the role of anisotropy in the dynamics of a single trapped ion interacting with two orthogonal laser beams, considering how it modifies a scheme for the generation of Schrödinger cat states and the so called parity effect in two-dimensional isotropic Paul traps. We find that anisotropy gives rise to a richer class for the generated states and to a larger number of observables sensitive to the parity of the number of excitation of the vibrational motion of the ion.

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicssuperposition (mathematics)modesIsotropyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsParity (physics)ObservableIonharmonic oscillatorIon trapAtomic physicsQuadrupole ion trapAnisotropyMathematical PhysicsExcitationOpen Systems & Information Dynamics
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Fluorescence quenching by trapped charge carriers in N,N-dimethylaminobenzylidene 1,3-indandione films

2010

Effects caused by the applied voltage on the steady state and time-resolved fluorescence of vacuum evaporated N,N-dimethylaminobenzylidene 1,3-indandione films sandwiched between gold and aluminium electrodes were investigated and discussed. Fluorescence enhancement and quenching as well as the fluorescence band narrowing depending on the applied voltage have been observed. Fluorescence decay and recovery take place on a time scale of tens of seconds after voltage is switched on and off. Similar fluorescence decay also takes place after switching on the excitation light. These fluorescence changes are attributed to the exciton quenching by trapped charge carriers.

Steady stateMaterials scienceQuenching (fluorescence)13-IndandioneExcitonMetals and AlloysAnalytical chemistrySurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectPhotochemistryFluorescenceSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMaterials ChemistryCharge carrierExcitationVoltageThin Solid Films
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Rotational Isomerism in Acetic Acid: The First Experimental Observation of the High-Energy Conformer

2003

The high-energy conformer of acetic acid (cis-AA) is produced in an Ar matrix by vibrational excitation of the OH stretching overtone of the ground conformational state (trans-AA). IR-absorption spectroscopy provides a clear identification of the reaction product. cis-AA converts back to trans-AA in a time scale of minutes at 8 K by tunneling. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja038341a

StereochemistryOvertoneMolecular ConformationInfrared spectroscopy010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysisAcetic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryIsomerismAb initio quantum chemistry methods0103 physical sciencesSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredSpectroscopyConformational isomerismAcetic Acid010304 chemical physicsChemistryMatrix isolationGeneral Chemistry3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesKineticsModels ChemicalPhysical chemistryExcitation
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Structure of 106In nucleus

1990

Abstract Single-γ, γγ-coincidence, and γ-ray angular distribution spectra of the 106Cd(p, nγ)106In reaction were measured with Ge(HP), Ge(Li), and Ge(LEPS) detectors at various bombarding proton energies between 8 and 11 MeV. Altogether 141 (among them 117 new) transitions have been assigned to 106In. The conversion electrons were studied with an intermediate-image magnetic spectrometer plus Si(Li) detector, as well as with a superconducting magnetic lens combined with a Si(Li) detector. Internal conversion coefficients have been determined for 22 transitions. A more complete level scheme of 106In, containing 49 levels below 1650 keV excitation energy, has been proposed. On the basis of the…

SuperconductivityPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhononQuadrupoleMagnetic lensElectronAtomic physicsWave functionExcitationSpectral lineNuclear Physics A
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Nonlinear electromagnetic response and Higgs-mode excitation in BCS superconductors with impurities

2019

We reveal that due to the presence of disorder oscillations of the order parameter amplitude called the Higgs mode can be effectively excited by the external electromagnetic radiation in usual BCS superconductors. This mechanism works for superconductors with both isotropic s-wave and anisotropic, such as d-wave, pairings. The non-linear response in the presence of impurities is captured by the quasiclassical formalism. We demonstrate that analytical solutions of the Eilenberger equation with impurity collision integral and external field drive coincide with the exact summation of ladder impurity diagrams. Using the developed formalism we show that resonant third-harmonic signal observed in…

SuperconductivityPhysicsScatteringCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesElectromagnetic radiation3. Good healthSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Nonlinear systemAmplitudeCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityQuantum electrodynamicsExcited state0103 physical sciencesHiggs boson010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyExcitationPhysical Review B
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Collective amplitude mode fluctuations in a flat band superconductor formed at a semimetal surface

2016

We study the fluctuations of the amplitude (i.e., the Higgs-Anderson) mode in a superconducting system of coupled Dirac particles proposed as a model for possible surface or interface superconductivity in rhombohedral graphite. This system also serves as a generic model of a topological semimetal with an interaction-driven transition on its surface. We show that the absence of Fermi energy and vanishing of the excitation gap of the collective amplitude mode in the model leads to a large fluctuation contribution to thermodynamic quantities, such as the heat capacity. As a consequence, the mean-field theory becomes inaccurate, indicating that the interactions lead to a strongly correlated sta…

SuperconductivityPhysicsSurface (mathematics)ta114Condensed matter physicsDirac (software)Fermi energyamplitude mode01 natural sciencesHeat capacitysemimetalsSemimetal010305 fluids & plasmasROOM-TEMPERATUREAmplitude0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsphysicsExcitationPhysical Review B
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Spectroscopic evidence for a new type of surface resonance at noble metal surfaces

2020

We investigated the surface and bulk properties of the pristine (110) surface of silver using threshold photoemission by excitation with light of 5.9 eV. Using a momentum microscope, we identified two distinct transitions along the $\overline{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}\overline{\mathrm{Y}}$ direction of the crystal. The first one is a so far unknown surface resonance of the (110) noble-metal surface, exhibiting an exceptionally large bulk character that has so far been elusive in surface sensitive experiments. The second one stems from the well-known bulklike Mahan cone oriented along the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}L$ direction inside the crystal but projected onto the (110)-surface cu…

Surface (mathematics)PhotocurrentCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyResonanceMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesType (model theory)engineering.materialMolecular physicsCrystalMomentumengineeringNoble metalExcitation
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