Search results for "Exercise."
showing 10 items of 3068 documents
The combined effect of lower extremity function and cognitive performance on perceived walking ability among older people : a 2-year follow-up study
2018
Background We studied the combined effects of cognitive performance and lower extremity function on self-reported walking modifications and walking difficulty and on self-reported walking difficulty incidence over a 2-year follow-up. Methods A total of 848 community-dwelling older people aged 75-90 years participated at baseline, 816 at the 1-year follow-up, and 761 at the 2-year follow-up. Baseline lower extremity function was measured with the Short Physical Performance Battery (<10 vs. ≥10) and cognitive performance with the Mini-Mental State Examination (<24 vs. ≥24). Difficulty in walking 2 km was self-reported and categorized into no difficulties, no difficulties but walking modificat…
Rats bred for low intrinsic aerobic exercise capacity link obesity with brain inflammation and reduced structural plasticity of the hippocampus.
2021
Abstract BACKGROUND Increasing evidence shows obesity and poor metabolic health are associated with cognitive deficits, but the mechanistic connections have yet to be resolved. We studied rats selectively bred for low and high intrinsic aerobic capacity in order to test the association between low physical fitness, a genetic predisposition for obesity, and brain health. We hypothesized that low-capacity runner (LCR) rats with concurrently greater levels of adiposity would have increased hippocampal inflammation and reduced plasticity compared to the more physically fit high-capacity runner (HCR) rats. METHODS We examined markers for inflammation and brain plasticity in the hippocampi of LCR…
An Overview on the Associations between Health Behaviors and Brain Health in Children and Adolescents with Special Reference to Diet Quality.
2020
Unhealthy diet has been associated with overweight, obesity, increased cardiometabolic risk, and recently, to impaired cognition and academic performance. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the associations between health behaviors and cognition and academic achievement in children and adolescents under 18 years of age with a special reference to diet quality. Dietary patterns with a low consumption of fish, fruits, and vegetables, and high in fast food, sausages, and soft drinks have been linked to poor cognition and academic achievement. The studies on the associations between the high intake of saturated fat and red meat and low intake of fiber and high-fiber grain produ…
Effects of two-week high intensity interval training on cognition in adolescents : randomized controlled pilot study
2017
Purpose. We investigated the effects of a two-week high-intensity interval training (HIT) on cognition in adolescents. Methods. The participants were recruited from local high schools with an electronic messaging system. The HIT group participated in 4 high-intensity interval running sessions and 2 circuit training sessions. The control group (CG) continued their usual habits. Reaction time, choose reaction time, working memory, visual memory, and learning were assessed by computerized CogState test battery. The intervention effect was investigated with repeated measures ANOVA and the effect size by Morris dppc2. Results. The total of 25 participants aged 17–20 years participated in the bas…
Genotype determining aerobic exercise capacity associates with behavioral plasticity in middle-aged rats
2023
Good aerobic fitness associates positively with cognitive performance and brain health and conversely, low aerobic fitness predisposes to neurodegenerative diseases. To study how genotype together with exercise, started at older age, affects brain and behavior, we utilized rats that differ in inherited aerobic fitness. Rats bred for Low Capacity for Running (LCR) are shown to display less synaptic plasticity and more inflammation in the hippocampus and perform worse than rats bred for a High Capacity for Running (HCR) in tasks requiring flexible cognition. Here we used middle-aged (∼ 16 months) HCR and LCR rats to study how genotype and sex associate with anxiety and neural information filt…
Predicting physical activity change in cancer survivors: an application of the Health Action Process Approach.
2022
Purpose Previous research has not examined the utility of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) to predict physical activity (PA) change in cancer survivors. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of a HAPA-based model in predicting temporal change in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in cancer survivors. Methods Participants enrolled in the Wearable Activity Technology and Action Planning (WATAAP) trial completed validated questionnaires (n = 64) to assess HAPA constructs (action and maintenance self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, action planning, risk perceptions, and intention) and wore an ActiGraph to measure PA at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks later. D…
Economic burden of low physical activity and high sedentary behaviour in Finland
2022
BackgroundLow physical activity and high sedentary behaviour are unquestionably relevant for public health while also increasing direct and indirect costs.MethodsThe authors examined the direct and indirect costs attributable to low physical activity and high sedentary behaviour in Finland in 2017. Costs related to major non-communicable diseases drawn from Finnish registries covered direct costs (outpatient visits, days of inpatient care, medication and institutional eldercare) and indirect costs (sickness-related absences, disability pensions, unemployment benefits, all-cause mortality and losses of income tax revenue). Prevalences of low physical activity and high sedentary behaviour (≥8…
Personal activity intelligence and mortality : Data from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study
2021
Importance Personal activity intelligence (PAI) is a novel activity metric that can be integrated into self-assessment heart rate devices, and translates heart rate variations during exercise into a weekly score. Previous studies relating to PAI have been conducted in the same populations from Norway where the PAI metric has been derived, limiting generalizability of the results. Objective To test whether PAI is associated with total and cause-specific mortality in a large cohort from the United States. Design Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS) - a prospective cohort between January 1974 and December 2002 with a mean follow-up of 14.5 years. Setting Population-based. Participants 56,…
Liikuntaharrastus iäkkäänä : yhteys kuolleisuuteen ja avuntarpeeseen sekä terveydenhuolto liikunnan edistäjänä
2002
Mirja Hirvensalo selvitti väitöstutkimuksessaan 65–84-vuotiaidenjyväskyläläisten liikuntaharrastuksen muutosta, pysyvyyttä sekä liikunnanharrastamisen syitä ja esteitä vuonna 1988 ja kahdeksan vuotta myöhemmin,vuonna 1996.Kävelylenkkeily oli iäkkäiden jyväskyläläisten suosituin liikuntamuoto.Kolme neljäsosaa tutkituista harrasti kävelyä vielä seurannan päättyessä.Kävelylenkkeily väheni huomattavasti vasta vanhemman ikäryhmäntutkituilla, 83-92-vuotiaana. Vaikka liikuntaharrastus vähenikin kahdeksanvuoden seurannan aikana, kotivoimistelu ja ohjattuihin liikuntaryhmiinosallistuminen säilyttivät hyvin asemansa. Ohjatuissa liikuntaryhmissäliikuntaa harrasti joka kymmenes iäkkäistä jyväskyläläisi…
Temporal changes in personal activity intelligence and mortality : data from the aerobics center longitudinal study
2021
Background Personal activity intelligence (PAI) is a metric developed to simplify a physically active lifestyle for the participants. Regardless of following today's advice for physical activity, a PAI score ≥100 per week at baseline, an increase in PAI score, and a sustained high PAI score over time were found to delay premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in a large population of Norwegians. However, the association between long-term temporal change in PAI and mortality in other populations have not been investigated. Objective To test whether temporal change in PAI is associated with CVD and all-cause mortality in a large population from the United States. Method…