Search results for "Exercise"

Measuring physical activity with activity monitors in patients with heart failure: from literature to practice. A position paper from the Committee o…

2020

The aims of this paper were to provide an overview of available activity monitors used in research in patients with heart failure and to identify the key criteria in the selection of the most appropriate activity monitor for collecting, reporting, and analysing physical activity in heart failure research. This study was conducted in three parts. First, the literature was systematically reviewed to identify physical activity concepts and activity monitors used in heart failure research. Second, an additional scoping literature search for validation of these activity monitors was conducted. Third, the most appropriate criteria in the selection of activity monitors were identified. Nine activi…

Physical exercise program, a strategy to prevent cardiotoxicity in early breast cancer: A literature review

2018

Breast cancer, the most common in women, is a cancer of good prognosis. During this last decade, the improvement of cancer screening and treatment has significantly increased disease-free and overall survival. However, the chemotherapy, especially based on anthracyclines, and targeted therapies like trastuzumab have a toxicity to the cardiovascular system. If physical exercise is recognized as beneficial in tertiary prevention, especially by reducing fatigue, improving the physiological capacities of exercise, muscle strength and ultimately quality of life, conversely, few data are available on the effects of exercise on treatment-induced cardiotoxicity. This review, based on the PubMed dat…

Physical activity responsive miRNAs – Potential mediators of training responses in human skeletal muscle?

2013

1. The basics of miRNA-mediated regulation The plasticity of skeletal muscle is of utmost importance for responding to and coping with environmental demands that emerge from changes in physical activity patterns, nourishment, hormonal status, and health. As is well known, a sedentary lifestyle, aging, immobilization, and chronic diseases are associated with reduced muscle mass and function, while regular exercise improves muscle function and reduces the rate of decrement throughout life. 1 However, we do not have a complete understanding of the molecular factors controlling skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise stimuli. Recently identified microRNA molecules (miRNAs) have rapidly gained at…

PO-185 Lifestyle intervention modify DNA methylation of adipose tissue in overweight and obese men with insomnia symptoms

2018

Objective To study whether diet and exercise intervention affect sleep and obesity-related genes’ DNA methylation in overweight and obese men with insomnia symptoms
 Methods The study participants were a subgroup of a large intervention and consisted of 10 overweight or obesity men aged 34-65 years with insomnia symptoms. They participated in a 6-month progressive aerobic exercise training and individualized dietary consoling program and were randomly selected from diet (n=4), exercise (n=3) and control (n=3) groups. Body composition included fat mass and lean mass in the whole body and abdominal android region were assessed by dual-energy X-ray densitometry. The fitness level (VO2max)…

Is it really important for sick people to perform exercise?

2006

Exertional hematuria: definition, epidemiology, diagnostic and clinical considerations

2019

Abstract Exertional hematuria can be considered a subcategory of exercise-induced hematuria, characterized by painless appearance of erythrocytes in urine after recent physical exercise, not directly attributable to external traumatic injuries to the genitourinary system, and spontaneously resolving with rest. Although its frequency has enormous heterogeneity, depending on the athlete population, duration and intensity of exercise, technique used for identifying or quantifying hematuria and relative diagnostic thresholds, what clearly emerges from the scientific literature is that a certain degree of hematuria is commonplace after non-contact sports, especially running. This exertional hema…

Force Control and Motor Unit Firing Behavior Following Mental Fatigue in Young Female and Male Adults

2020

Purpose: The neuromuscular mechanisms leading to impaired motor performance in the presence of mental fatigue remain unclear. It is also unknown if mental fatigue differentially impacts motor performance in males and females. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of mental fatigue on force production and motor unit (MU) firing behavior in males and females. Methods: Nineteen participants performed 10-s isometric dorsiflexion (DF) contractions at 20 and 50% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) before, during, and after completing 22 min of the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT), to induce mental fatigue. The DF force and indwelling MU firing behavior of the tibialis anterior (TA) w…

Changes in motor unit characteristics after eccentric elbow flexor exercise

2010

Morphological evidence suggests that fast-twitch fibers are prone to disruption of their membrane structures by eccentric exercise. However, it is unclear how this is reflected in the discharge rate and action potential propagation of individual motor units, especially at high contraction levels. High-density surface electromyograms were recorded from biceps brachii muscle and decomposed to individual motor unit action potentials at isometric contraction levels between 10% and 75% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) before intermittent maximal elbow flexor eccentric exercise, and two hours (2H), two days (2D) and four days (4D) post-exercise. Maximal voluntary force decreased by 21.3±5.6…

Neuromuscular fatigue differs following unilateral vs bilateral sustained submaximal contractions

2011

The purpose of the present study was to compare the mechanisms of fatigue induced by a unilateral vs a bilateral submaximal isometric knee extension. Ten physically active men completed two experimental sessions, randomly presented. They were asked to maintain an isometric knee extension force corresponding to 20% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until task failure with one leg (unilateral) vs two legs (bilateral). MVCs were performed before and after the sustained contraction. Transcutaneous electrical stimuli were used to examine central (voluntary activation) and peripheral (peak doublet force at rest) fatigue on the exercised leg. Time to task failure was significantly shorter…

Isolated human chorionic vascular reactivity: Technical considerations for fresh preparations

1998

1. 1. Sixty chorionic vascular rings from normal term placentas were immersed in an organ bath for isometric tension recording to study (A) the contractile response to 120 mM of potassium chloride (KCI) after adjustment and equilibration to 1–5 g of passive tension; and (B) the concentration-response curve to KCI after adjustment and equilibration to the optimal passive tension. 2. 2. Adjustment to 4 g of passive tension elicited the maximal (P<0.007) and the latest (P<0.006) KCl-induced contraction among arterial rings. Venous rings showed the greatest contraction when adjusted to 3 g, but the differences were not significant except when compared to 1 g of passive tension (P<0.03). 3. 3. T…