Search results for "Expectancy"
showing 10 items of 239 documents
What determines a positive attitude towards natural food products? An expectancy theory approach.
2021
Natural food products are becoming increasingly popular worldwide due to their health and environmental benefits. However, these products' increasing anecdotal popularity has not translated into their widespread adoption; in fact, demand for natural food products remains confined to a relatively small segment of consumers. Despite this, little is known about the facilitators and inhibitors of favourable attitude of consumers towards these products. Recognising this gap, our study employed the theoretical lens of expectancy theory to investigate these factors. Through an extensive review of the pro-environmental consumption literature, we identified four facilitating and inhibiting factors: …
What makes music emotionally significant? Exploring the underlying mechanisms
2013
A common approach to study emotional reactions to music is to attempt to obtain direct links between musical surface features such as tempo and a listener’s response. However, such an analysis ultimately fails to explain why emotions are aroused in the listener. In this article, we propose an alternative approach, which seeks to explain musical emotions in terms of a set of underlying mechanisms that are activated by different types of information in musical events. We illustrate this approach by reporting a listening experiment, which manipulated a piece of music to activate four mechanisms: brain stem reflex; emotional contagion; episodic memory; and musical expectancy. The musical excer…
Role of expectancy in physiological responses to sound recognition of musical dissonance and timbral change
2021
Recently, it has been suggested that tonal violations produce greater skin conductance response (SCR) than timbral violations in music listening. However, it is unknown how people focus their attention during musical excerpts. The aim of this study is to replicate previous research considering two psychophysiological mechanisms: prediction error and brain stem reflex. Twenty-seven nonmusicians were instructed to listen six melodies and detect three altered conditions in one note: a dissonance (note out-of-key), a timbral change, and dissonance which changes in timbre and tone ( timdis). Amplitudes of SCR, heart rate (HR), and respiration rate (RSPR) were analyzed. In addition, the frequenc…
Acceptance of Mobile Health Apps for Disease Management Among People With Multiple Sclerosis: Web-Based Survey Study
2018
Background: Mobile health (mHealth) apps might have the potential to promote self-management of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) in everyday life. However, the uptake of MS apps remains poor, and little is known about the facilitators and barriers for their efficient utilization, such as technology acceptance. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the acceptance of mHealth apps for disease management in the sense of behavioral intentions to use and explore determinants of utilization among people with MS based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Methods: Participants for this Web-based cross-sectional study were recruited throughout Germany with t…
The structure of Antonovsky's Orientation to Life Questionnaire
1998
The present study investigated the structure of Antonovsky's (1987) short-form (13-item) Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ). The OLQ was developed to measure sense of coherence, which consists of three interrelated components: meaningfulness, comprehensibility and manageability. Confirmatory factor analyses were carried out using data on three occupational groups (technical designers n = 989, teachers n = 1012, managers n = 1035). The factor analysis models were specified and compared in the study: (1) a first-order one-factor model; (2) a first-order correlated-three-factor model; and (3) a second-order model with three first-order factors. The results suggested that the first-order c…
A New Reliable and Valid Tool for Measuring Implicit Self-Esteem
2012
We investigated the reliability and predictive validity of a new response-window affective priming task (RW-APT) for the measurement of implicit self-esteem. Participants (N = 96) were administered the self-esteem RW-APT and filled out two measures of explicit self-esteem. To investigate the effect of explicit and implicit self-esteem on reactions to failure, we applied an anagram task in which participants received anagrams that were more difficult than expected. Three self-esteem criteria were obtained: pretask expectancy bias, perceived performance bias, and posttask expectancy bias. As hypothesized, explicit self-esteem and implicit self-esteem measures independently predicted all vali…
The dynamics of motivation, emotion, and task performance in simulated achievement situations
2020
Abstract This study aimed to examine associations between motivation, emotion, and task performance in simulated achievement situations. A group of sixth grade students (n = 190) completed an achievement task. Situational information on task value, success expectations, emotions, effort, task performance, and causal attributions was collected and information on subsequent academic achievement was obtained from school registers. The results showed, first, that high task value, high expectancy of success, and high positive emotions before a task contributed to a higher level of effort during the task. This, in turn, was related to better task performance. Second, high expectancy of success pr…
Justice Perceptions as Predictors of Customer Satisfaction: The Impact of Distributive, Procedural, and Interactional Justice1
2006
This article attempts to extend prior research by testing the effects of justice components (distributive, procedural, and interactional) on customer satisfaction beyond the expectancy disconfirmation paradigm. To this end, two separate field survey studies were conducted. A total of 568 customers were surveyed in 38 hotels and 40 restaurants. The results showed that distributive justice was critical in predicting customer satisfaction, while the influence of procedural and interactional justice was secondary. Justice concepts were also robust against the simultaneous inclusion of disconfirmation and performance in the satisfaction equation. The article concludes with theoretical and manage…
User acceptance of automated public transport
2020
Abstract Autonomous driving is receiving increasing attention in the automotive industry as well as in public transport. However, it is still unclear whether users are willing to use automated public transportation at all. In order to answer this and other questions, the transport company of the city of Mainz, Germany, tested the autonomous minibus EMMA (Elektro-Mobilitat Mainz Autonom) on a 600-meter-long test track in public space. The study presented here was conducted with the aim of exploring crucial determinants for the use of an autonomous minibus. On the basis of established acceptance models, a questionnaire was developed, which was completed in a field survey by a total of 942 par…
Acceptance towards digital health interventions – Model validation and further development of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology
2021
Internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMI) offer an effective way to complement health care. Acceptance of IMI, a key facilitator of their implementation in routine care, is often low. Based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), this study validates and adapts the UTAUT to digital health care. Following a systematic literature search, 10 UTAUT-grounded original studies (N = 1588) assessing patients' and health professionals' acceptance of IMI for different somatic and mental health conditions were included. All included studies assessed Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions and acceptance as well as age, gender,…