Search results for "Experimental"

showing 10 items of 18236 documents

Genomic evolution of bacterial populations under co-selection by antibiotics and phage

2017

Bacteria live in dynamic systems where selection pressures can alter rapidly, forcing adaptation to the prevailing conditions. In particular, bacteriophages and antibiotics of anthropogenic origin are major bacterial stressors in many environments. We previously observed that populations of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 exposed to the lytic bacteriophage SBW25Φ2 and a noninhibitive concentration of the antibiotic streptomycin (coselection) achieved higher levels of phage resistance compared to populations exposed to the phage alone. In addition, the phage became extinct under coselection while remaining present in the phage alone environment. Further, phenotypic tests indicate…

phage resistancephage phi-2experimental evolutionPseudomonas fluorescenssublethal antibiotic concentrationsantibioottiresistenssi
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Can Oscillatory Alpha-Gamma Phase-Amplitude Coupling be Used to Understand and Enhance TMS Effects?

2019

Recent applications of simultaneous scalp electroencephalography (EEG) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) suggest that adapting stimulation to underlying brain states may enhance neuroplastic effects of TMS. It is often assumed that longer-lasting effects of TMS on brain function may be mediated by phasic interactions between TMS pulses and endogenous cortical oscillatory dynamics. The mechanisms by which TMS exerts its neuromodulatory effects, however, remain unknown. Here, we discuss evidence concerning the functional effects on synaptic plasticity of oscillatory cross-frequency coupling in cortical networks as a potential framework for understanding the neuromodulatory effects o…

phase-amplitude couplinggenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentStimulationStimulus (physiology)Electroencephalographybehavioral disciplines and activities050105 experimental psychologylcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesBehavioral NeuroscienceBursting0302 clinical medicinetranscranial magnetic stimulationNeuroplasticitymedicine0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesEEGlcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryNeurostimulationBiological PsychiatryPhysicsmedicine.diagnostic_testmusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiology05 social sciencesPACTranscranial magnetic stimulationPsychiatry and Mental healthNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychologynervous systemNeurologyTMSPerspectiveoscillationsSynaptic plasticityNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuroscienceneurostimulationFrontiers in Human Neuroscience
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Neural phoneme discrimination in variable speech in newborns – associations with dyslexia risk and later language skills

2023

AbstractA crucial skill in infant language acquisition is learning of the native language phonemes. This requires the ability to group complex sounds into distinct auditory categories based on their shared features. Problems in phonetic learning have been suggested to underlie language learning difficulties in dyslexia, a developmental reading-skill deficit. We investigated auditory abilities important for language acquisition in newborns with or without a familial risk for dyslexia with electrophysiological mismatch responses (MMRs). We presented vowel changes in a sequence of acoustically varying vowels, requiring grouping of the stimuli to two phoneme categories. The vowel changes elicit…

phoneme processinginfantsCognitive Neurosciencemismatch responses (MMRs)3112 NeurosciencesExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyLanguage learningäidinkielifoneemitPhoneme processinglanguage learningneurolingvistiikkaDyslexiaMismatch responses (MMRs)Neuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)kielellinen kehitysdyslexiaDevelopmental and Educational Psychologydysleksia6121 LanguagesEEGvastasyntyneetInfants
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Study of scintillation light collection, production and propagation in a 4 tonne dual-phase LArTPC

2020

The $3 \times 1 \times 1$ m$^3$ demonstrator is a dual phase liquid argon time projection chamber that has recorded cosmic rays events in 2017 at CERN. The light signal in these detectors is crucial to provide precise timing capabilities. The performances of the photon detection system, composed of five PMTs, are discussed. The collected scintillation and electroluminescence light created by passing particles has been studied in various detector conditions. In particular, the scintillation light production and propagation processes have been analyzed and compared to simulations, improving the understanding of some liquid argon properties.

photon: propagationPhotomultiplierCERN LabPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorstutkimuslaitteetPerformance of High Energy Physics DetectorPhase (waves)FOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayNoble liquid detectors (scintillation ionization double-phase)Scintillator01 natural sciences7. Clean energyHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Optics0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Detectors and Experimental Techniques010306 general physicsInstrumentationphysics.ins-detMathematical Physicsscintillation counterPhysicsScintillationTime projection chamberphotomultiplier010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryhep-exDetectorScintillators scintillation and light emission processes (solid gas and liquid scintillators)Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)time projection chamber: liquid argonNoble liquid detectors (scintillation ionization double-phase); Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors; Photon detectors for UV visible and IR photons (vacuum) (photomulti-pliers HPDs others); Scintillators scintillation and light emission processes (solid gas and liquidscintillators)Photon detectors for UV visible and IR photons (vacuum) (photomultipliers HPDs others)FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALEilmaisimetScintillation counterbusinesskosminen säteilyperformanceParticle Physics - Experiment
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Does Physical Activity Improve Inhibition in Kindergarteners? A Pilot Study

2022

Substantial empirical evidence supports the positive effects of physical activity (PA) on executive functions, but not all forms of physical activity benefit equally. Among kindergarteners, cognitively-engaging exercise seems to more strongly effect EF than simple exercise. We aimed to investigate several qualitatively different exercise formats on kindergarteners' inhibition. Participants were 75 children (M age = 68.1 months), recruited from 14 classrooms of three kindergarten schools. They were randomly assigned to three groups: control group, free play group (non-cognitively-engaging PA), and an intervention group (cognitively-engaging PA). The intervention group performed 18 sessions …

physical activityExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyPilot Projectsexecutive functionsSensory SystemsinhibitionExecutive FunctionInhibition PsychologicalSettore M-PSI/04 - Psicologia Dello Sviluppo E Psicologia Dell'EducazioneCognitionchildrenChild PreschoolHumanskindergartenChildExercise
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Estudios estratégicos para la lucha contra la fascioliasis humana a nivel mundial = Strategic studies for the fight against de human fascioliasis wor…

2013

Fascioliasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. Emergence of human fascioliasis prompted a worldwide control initiative including a pilot study in several countries. Given the necessity to characterize the fasciolid populations involved, the overall aim of the present research is, first, the phenotypic characterization of faciolid adults and eggs implicated in human endemic areas, where this initiative has been implemented, through a computer image analysis system (CIAS) applied on the basis of standardized measurements. Second, new immunological techniques and their potential use as immunological diagnostic tests in those areas are evaluated. The …

pigsheepprincipal component analysisexperimental populationperuwistarbiometry:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA [UNESCO]worldwide control initiativeparasitic diseasesnatural populationUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDAboliviahumanegyptbolivian altiplanouterusadultMM3 coproantigenF. giganticaF. hepaticageorgiavietnamcajamarca valleygrowth modelcattlenumber per gram of faecesDRG Fasciola hepatica testeggmantaro valley
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Effects of Polyacrylic Acid Pre-Treatment on Bonded-Dentine Interfaces Created with a Modern Bioactive Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement and Subjec…

2018

Objectives: Resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGIC) are considered excellent restorative materials with unique therapeutic and anti-cariogenic activity. However, concerns exist regarding the use of polyacrylic acid as a dentine conditioner as it may influence the bonding performance of RMGIC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different protocols for cycling mechanical stress on the bond durability and interfacial ultramorphology of a modern RMGIC applied to dentine pre-treated with/without polyacrylic acid conditioner (PAA). Methods: The RMGIC was applied onto human dentine specimens prepared with silicon-carbide (SiC) abrasive paper with or without the use of a PAA c…

polyacrylic acid treatmentGlass ionomer cement02 engineering and technologyCementos dentales.lcsh:TechnologyAdhesivos dentales.Dental adhesives.dentinechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDentinGeneral Materials ScienceComposite materiallcsh:QC120-168.85bioactiveBond strengthPolyacrylic acidAbrasive021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyDentin.adhesionmedicine.anatomical_structureDental materials.0210 nano-technologylcsh:TK1-9971cycling mechanical stressresin-modified glass ionomer cementsPolyacrylic acid - Therapeutic use.Materials scienceArticle03 medical and health sciencesstomatognathic systemlongevityDental cementmedicineMateriales dentales.Odontología restauradora.lcsh:MicroscopyDentina.CementRemineralisationDental cements.lcsh:QH201-278.5lcsh:T030206 dentistrychemistrylcsh:TA1-2040lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicslcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Ácido poliacrílico - Uso terapéutico.Dentistry Operative.Materials
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Pro-Degradant Activity of Naturally Occurring Compounds on Polyethylene in Accelerate Weathering Conditions

2019

In this work, naturally occurring compounds, such as Vitamin E (VE) and Ferulic Acid (FA), at high concentrations, have been considered as pro-degradant agents for Low Density Polyethylene (PE). However, all obtained results using the naturally occurring molecules as pro-oxidant agents for PE have been compared with the results achieved using a classical pro-oxidant agent, such as calcium stearate (Ca stearate) and with neat PE. The preliminary characterization, through rheological, mechanical and thermal analysis, of the PE-based systems highlights that the used naturally occurring molecules are able to exert a slight plasticizing action on PE and subsequently the PE rigidity and crystalli…

polyethylene02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryCalcium stearatelcsh:Technology01 natural sciencesArticlepro-oxidant activityFerulic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallinityStearateGeneral Materials Sciencelcsh:MicroscopyNaturally occurring compoundlcsh:QC120-168.85lcsh:QH201-278.5lcsh:TPolyethylene021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyphoto-oxidation0104 chemical sciencesPolyolefinLow-density polyethylenechemistrylcsh:TA1-2040Degradation (geology)lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicsnaturally occurring compoundslcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)0210 nano-technologylcsh:TK1-9971Nuclear chemistryMaterials
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External Developmental Assets and Positive Identity Among Emerging Adults in Norway, Romania, Slovenia, and Turkey

2021

The present study adopts The Developmental Assets and Positive Youth Development (PYD) perspectives which (in contrast to the deficit-based approaches which highlight risks and deficit in youth development) claim that young people have potencies to achieve optimal development if supported by their social environment. Extant research indicates that developmental assets are linked with a variety of thriving indicators. The present research aimed to contribute to the PYD research by examining the external developmental assets (support, empowerment, and boundaries and expectations) emerging adults (N= 2055; age range = 18–28) perceived in their social environment and the level of their positive…

positive identityyouth policiesmedia_common.quotation_subjectIdentity (social science)Ecological systems theory050105 experimental psychologyPsychology0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesEmpowermentGeneral Psychologyhealth care economics and organizationsmedia_commonOriginal Researchpositive youth development05 social sciencesPerspective (graphical)Social environmentthrivingBF1-990Variety (cybernetics)developmental assetsemerging adulthoodThrivingDemographic economicsPositive Youth DevelopmentPsychology050104 developmental & child psychology
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CCDC 1972055: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

2020

Related Article: Andreas Heilmann, Jamie Hicks, Petra Vasko, Jose M. Goicoechea, Simon Aldridge|2020|Angew.Chem.,Int.Ed.|59|4897|doi:10.1002/anie.201916073

potassium (27-di-t-butyl-N4N5-bis[26-di-isopropylphenyl]-99-dimethyl-9H-xanthene-45-diamine)-({[26-di-isopropylphenyl]imino}acetato)-aluminium benzene solvateSpace GroupCrystallographyCrystal SystemCrystal StructureCell ParametersExperimental 3D Coordinates
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