Search results for "Experiments"

Experimental macroeconomics: a role-playing experience among bachelor students

2020

This current innovative education project has the main goal of introducing students to experimental economics to help them better understand complex macroeconomic concepts. For this purpose, it is used an online experimental platform to develop a role-playing dynamic with which students become real economic agents. This gamified technique allows students to interact with each other in the goods and production factors markets and, thus, generate a circular flow studied as one of the main macroeconomic principles. The online platform is conceived as a two-sided website: on one hand, students are assigned a role and asked to make decisions; and, on the other, professors can instantaneously acc…

Data from: Selection analysis on the rapid evolution of a secondary sexual trait

2015

Evolutionary analyses of population translocations (experimental or accidental) have been important in demonstrating speed of evolution because they subject organisms to abrupt environmental changes that create an episode of selection. However, the strength of selection in such studies is rarely measured, limiting our understanding of the evolutionary process. This contrasts with long-term, mark–recapture studies of unmanipulated populations that measure selection directly, yet rarely reveal evolutionary change. Here, we present a study of experimental evolution of male colour in Trinidadian guppies where we tracked both evolutionary change and individual-based measures of selection. Guppie…

Soils as natural filters for GHG: an imbalance between the expected CH4 fluxes and the direct measurements

2018

The final composition of the atmosphere results from several processes and exchanges between all the Earth’s spheres. Some of these are widely known and others, such as the methane degassing from hydrothermal areas, are still understudied. Methane plays a key role in climate change being an efficient greenhouse gas. Although it would be crucial, the total CH4 output from geogenic sources is still not well defined; limitations in CH4 output estimations are due to many factors concerning a scarce dataset availability, difficulty in direct measurements, and interaction with methane-consuming microbiota in the soil. Often, the CH4 flux estimation was obtained indirectly, e.g. cross-correlating …

Improved measurement of $^8$B solar neutrinos with $1.5  kt·y$ of Borexino exposure

2017

We report on an improved measurement of the $^8$B solar neutrino interaction rate with the Borexino experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. Neutrinos are detected via their elastic scattering on electrons in a large volume of liquid scintillator. The measured rate of scattered electrons above 3 MeV of energy is $0.223\substack{+0.015 \\ -0.016}\,(stat)\,\substack{+0.006 \\ -0.006}\,(syst)$ cpd/100 t, which corresponds to an observed solar neutrino flux assuming no neutrino flavor conversion of $\Phi\substack{\rm ES \\ ^8\rm B}=2.57\substack{+0.17 \\ -0.18}(stat)\substack{+0.07\\ -0.07}(syst)\times$10$^6$ cm$^{-2}\,$s$^{-1}$. This measurement exploits the active volume of the …

Multi-resolution anisotropy studies of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory

2017

We report a multi-resolution search for anisotropies in the arrival directions of cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory with local zenith angles up to $80^\circ$ and energies in excess of 4 EeV ($4 \times 10^{18}$ eV). This search is conducted by measuring the angular power spectrum and performing a needlet wavelet analysis in two independent energy ranges. Both analyses are complementary since the angular power spectrum achieves a better performance in identifying large-scale patterns while the needlet wavelet analysis, considering the parameters used in this work, presents a higher efficiency in detecting smaller-scale anisotropies, potentially providing directional informa…

Experimental study in a meandering channel: 2.Analysis of “initial” flow pattern

1999

On time-harmonic Maxwell equations with nonhomogeneous conductivities : Solvability and FE-approximation

1989

The solvability of time-harmonic Maxwell equations in the 3D-case with non­homogeneous conductivities is considered by adapting Sobolev space technique and variational formulation of the probJem in question. Moreover, a finite element approximation is presented in the 3D·case together with an error estimate in the energy norm. Some remarks are given to the 2D-problem arising from geophysics. peerReviewed

Optimizing the θ23 octant search in long baseline neutrino experiments

2017

Determination of the θ 23 octant will be an important goal for the next generation of neutrino oscillation experiments, as it will show whether the true value of θ 23 lies in the high octant, θ 23 > 45°, or in the low octant, θ 23 < 45°. In this work we investigate the prospects of studying the θ 23 octant in future long baseline neutrino experiments. Using the GLoBES software, we study the sensitivity to θ 23 octant in terms of baseline length and beam sharing and use the LBNO setup as our benchmark. We also show the interference on the octant determination that arises from the unconstrained CP violation angle δ CP. In our results, we show the impact of matter effects on the octant determi…

Phenomenology of non-standard neutrino interactions

2016

Today neutrino physics is in a privileged position within the fascinating field of particle physics. From the discovery of neutrino oscillations by Super-Kamiokande in 1998, the door to physics beyond the Standard Model (SM in what follows) has been opened. This fact implies that neutrinos have to be massive in opposition to the Standard Model assumption. However, this is not a surprise completely, but it was already hinted from theoretical and experimental observations in the two decades prior to the discovery of the oscillatory phenomenon, as neutrino masses included in unification models or the observed deficit of the atmospheric and solar neutrino fluxes. As a consequence of this new pa…

Johnson-Nyquist Noise Effects in Neutron Electric-Dipole-Moment Experiments

2021

Magnetic Johnson-Nyquist noise (JNN) originating from metal electrodes, used to create a static electric field in neutron electric-dipole-moment (nEDM) experiments, may limit the sensitivity of measurements. We present here the first dedicated study on JNN applied to a large-scale long-measurement-time experiment with the implementation of a co-magnetometry. In this study, we derive surface- and volume-averaged root-mean-square normal noise amplitudes at a certain frequency bandwidth for a cylindrical geometry. In addition, we model the source of noise as a finite number of current dipoles and demonstrate a method to simulate temporal and three-dimensional spatial dependencies of JNN. The c…