Search results for "Exponent"

showing 10 items of 896 documents

Critical phenomena in polymer mixtures: Monte Carlo simulation of a lattice model

1987

A lattice model of a symmetrical binary (AB) polymer mixture is studied, modelling the polymer chains by self-avoiding walks withN A =N B =N steps on a simple cubic lattice. If a pair of nearest neighbour sites is taken by different monomersAB orBA, an energye ab is won; if the pair of sites is taken by anAA or aBB pair, an energye is won, while the energy is reduced to zero if at least one of the sites of the pair is vacant. To allow enough chain mobility, 20% of the lattice sites are vacancies. In addition to local motions of the chain segments we use a novel “grand-canonical” simulation technique:A chains are transformed intoB chains and vice versa, keeping the chemical potential differe…

PhysicsPolymers and PlasticsCondensed matter physicsCritical phenomenaMonte Carlo methodThermodynamicsColloid and Surface ChemistryLattice (order)Materials ChemistryIsing modelBinary systemPolymer blendPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCritical exponentPhase diagramColloid & Polymer Science
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Intra- and Interchain Correlations in Semidilute Polymer Solutions:  Monte Carlo Simulations and Renormalization Group Results

2000

We investigate the intra- and intermolecular correlations in semidilute polymer solutions by large-scale computer simulations and renormalization group calculations. In the framework of the bond fluctuation model we study polymers with chain lengths up to N = 2048 monomers and determine the intermolecular pair correlation function, the coherent scattering intensity, and its distinct part at all length scales. The simulations are compared quantitatively to renormalization group calculations of the universal crossover scaling function. Special attention is paid to length scales smaller than the density screening length ξ, where the distinct part of the scattering function in the simulations i…

PhysicsPolymers and PlasticsCondensed matter physicsScatteringOrganic ChemistryIntermolecular forceMonte Carlo methodRenormalization groupRadial distribution functionMolecular physicsInorganic ChemistryMaterials ChemistryExponentStructure factorScalingMacromolecules
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A pedagogical approach to the Magnus expansion

2010

Time-dependent perturbation theory as a tool to compute approximate solutions of the Schrodinger equation does not preserve unitarity. Here we present, in a simple way, how the Magnus expansion (also known as exponential perturbation theory) provides such unitary approximate solutions. The purpose is to illustrate the importance and consequences of such a property. We suggest that the Magnus expansion may be introduced to students in advanced courses of quantum mechanics.

PhysicsProperty (philosophy)UnitarityPerturbation (Quantum dynamics)--Study and teachingGeneral Physics and AstronomyMagnus expansionQuantum mechanicsUnitary stateStudents in advanced coursesPertorbació (Dinàmica quàntica)--EnsenyamentSchrödinger equationExponential functionsymbols.namesakeSimple (abstract algebra)Exponential perturbation theoryMagnus expansionsymbolsPerturbation theoryMathematical physics
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Quench of symmetry broken ground states

2016

We analyze the problem of how different ground states associated to the same set of the Hamiltonian parameters evolve after a sudden quench. To realize our analysis we define a quantitative approach to the local distinguishability between different ground states of a magnetically ordered phase in terms of the trace distance between the reduced density matrices obtained projecting two ground states in the same subset. Before the quench, regardless the particular choice of the subset, any system in a magnetically ordered phase is characterized by ground states that are locally distinguishable. On the other hand, after the quench, the maximum of the distinguishability shows an exponential deca…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsIntegrable systemCondensed matter physicsFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasquenchsymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencessymbolsTrace distanceIsing modelStatistical physicsExponential decay010306 general physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Ground stateQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Domain-wall excitations in the two-dimensional Ising spin glass

2018

The Ising spin glass in two dimensions exhibits rich behavior with subtle differences in the scaling for different coupling distributions. We use recently developed mappings to graph-theoretic problems together with highly efficient implementations of combinatorial optimization algorithms to determine exact ground states for systems on square lattices with up to $10\,000\times 10\,000$ spins. While these mappings only work for planar graphs, for example for systems with periodic boundary conditions in at most one direction, we suggest here an iterative windowing technique that allows one to determine ground states for fully periodic samples up to sizes similar to those for the open-periodic…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsSpin glassStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)SpinsPhase (waves)FOS: Physical sciencesDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasTheoretical physicsDomain wall (magnetism)Spin wave0103 physical sciencesCombinatorial optimizationIsing spinQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsPhysics - Computational PhysicsCritical exponentCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysical Review B
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Anomalous Spreading of Power-Law Quantum Wave Packets

1999

We introduce power-law tail quantum wave packets. We show that they can be seen as eigenfunctions of a Hamiltonian with a physical potential. We prove that the free evolution of these packets presents an asymptotic decay of the maximum of the wave packets which is anomalous for an interval of the characterizing power-law exponent. We also prove that the number of finite moments of the wave packets is a conserved quantity during the evolution of the wave packet in the free space.

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Network packetWave packetFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyEigenfunctionPower lawConserved quantityComputer Science::Performancesymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicsComputer Science::Networking and Internet ArchitecturesymbolsExponentQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)QuantumCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysical Review Letters
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Pulse-driven near-resonant quantum adiabatic dynamics: lifting of quasi-degeneracy

2004

We study the quantum dynamics of a two-level system driven by a pulse that starts near-resonant for small amplitudes, yielding nonadiabatic evolution, and induces an adiabatic evolution for larger amplitudes. This problem is analyzed in terms of lifting of degeneracy for rising amplitudes. It is solved exactly for the case of linear and exponential rising. Approximate solutions are given in the case of power law rising. This allows us to determine approximative formulas for the lineshape of resonant excitation by various forms of pulses such as truncated trig-pulses. We also analyze and explain the various superpositions of states that can be obtained by the Half Stark Chirped Rapid Adiabat…

PhysicsQuantum Physics[ PHYS.QPHY ] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Quantum dynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsExponential functionsymbols.namesakeAmplitudeStark effectQuantum mechanicssymbolsDegeneracy (mathematics)Adiabatic processQuantum Physics (quant-ph)QuantumExcitation[PHYS.QPHY] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]
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Multi-hadron spectroscopy in a large physical volume

2017

We demonstrate the efficacy of the stochastic LapH method to treat all-to-all quark propagation on a $N_f = 2+1$ CLS ensemble with large linear spatial extent $L = 5.5$ fm, allowing us to obtain the benchmark elastic isovector p-wave pion-pion scattering amplitude to good precision already on a relatively small number of gauge configurations. These results hold promise for multi-hadron spectroscopy at close-to-physical pion mass with exponential finite-volume effects under control.

PhysicsQuarkParticle physicsIsovector010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsQC1-999High Energy Physics::LatticeComputer Science::Information RetrievalHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)Nuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesGauge (firearms)01 natural sciencesExponential functionScattering amplitudeHigh Energy Physics - LatticePionHadron spectroscopy0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsSpectroscopyEPJ Web of Conferences
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Spin-one-Ising model for (CO)1?x (N2) x mixtures: A finite size scaling study of random-field-type critical phenomena

1995

A qualitative model for solid mixtures of diatomic molecules, where one species (called CO, to be specific) carries both a dipole moment and a quadrupole moment, while the other species (calledN 2) has only a quadrupole moment, is studied by Monte Carlo methods. We use spinsS i =±1 to represent the orientations of the CO electric dipole moment, if the lattice sitei is taken by a CO molecule, whileS i =0 if the site is taken by anN 2 molecule. Assuming nearest-neighbor antiferroelectric interactions between CO molecules, and a bilinear dipole-quadrupole coupling between CO andN 2, the randomly quenchedN 2 molecules act like random fields do in the random field Ising model. In previous work i…

PhysicsRandom fieldCondensed matter physicsCritical phenomenaMonte Carlo methodRenormalization groupCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDipoleElectric dipole momentGeneral Materials ScienceIsing modelStatistical physicsCritical exponentZeitschrift f�r Physik B Condensed Matter
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Continuum limit in random sequential adsorption.

1991

We develop analytical estimates of the late-stage (long-time) asymptotic behavior of the coverage in the D-dimensional lattice models of irreversible deposition of hypercube-shaped particles. Our results elucidate the crossover from the exponential time dependence for the lattice case to the power-law behavior with a multiplicative logarithmic factor, in the continuum deposition. Numerical Monte Carlo results are reported for the two-dimensional (2D) deposition, both lattice and continuum. Combined with the exact 1D results, they are used to test the general theoretical expectations for the late-stage deposition kinetics. New accurate estimates of the jamming coverages in 2D rule out some e…

PhysicsRandom sequential adsorptionLogarithmLattice (order)Monte Carlo methodCrossoverMultiplicative functionJammingStatistical physicsExponential functionPhysical review. B, Condensed matter
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