Search results for "Eye Tracking"
showing 10 items of 117 documents
The Influence of Context-Based Complexity on Decision Processes
2011
In this chapter, we present an empirical study which investigates the influence of context-based complexity on decision processes.1 To determine context-based complexity accurately, we measure each subject’s preferences individually with two advanced techniques from marketing research: choice-based conjoint analysis (CBC, Haaijer and Wedel 2007) and pairwise-comparison-based preference measurement (PCPM, Scholz et al. 2010), rather than relying on less precise estimates of preferences. Furthermore, we use eye tracking to trace the process of information acquisition precisely. Our results show that low context-based complexity leads to less information acquisition and more alternative-wise s…
Attentional biases to emotional scenes in schizophrenia: An eye-tracking study
2020
Attentional biases to emotional information may play a key role in the onset and course of schizophrenia. The aim of this experiment was to examine the attentional processing of four emotional scenes in competition (happy, neutral, sad, threatening) in 53 patients with schizophrenia and 51 controls. The eye movements were recorded in a 20-seconds free-viewing task. The results were: (i) patients showed increased attention on threatening scenes, compared to controls, in terms of attentional engagement and maintenance; (ii) patients payed less attention to happy scenes than controls, in terms of attentional maintenance; (iii) whereas positive symptoms were associated with a late avoidance of …
Instruction-based clinical eye-tracking study on the visual interpretation of divergence : how do students look at vector field plots?
2018
Relating mathematical concepts to graphical representations is a challenging task for students. In this paper, we introduce two visual strategies to qualitatively interpret the divergence of graphical vector field representations. One strategy is based on the graphical interpretation of partial derivatives, while the other is based on the flux concept. We test the effectiveness of both strategies in an instruction-based eye-tracking study with N = 41 physics majors. We found that students’ performance improved when both strategies were introduced (74% correct) instead of only one strategy (64% correct), and students performed best when they were free to choose between the two strategies (88…
Studying the User Experience in Online Banking Services: An Eye-Tracking Application
2019
Abstract Neuromarketing as research method contrbutes to understanding consumer behavior a step further than traditional marketing research. The aim of the current study is to explore the usability and cognitive understanding of banking services webpages. In this regard, the theoretical part of the article reviews the relevant literature related to neuromarketing as research method and the use of eye-tracker as research technique. Further on, a two-step research design was developed for studying the consumers’ attention and memory during and after viewing two Romanian banking services websites. The results showed that the way information is structured and presented on the webpages influence…
Influence of the gaze-stabilizing eye movements on the quality of the retinal image of the human eye
2000
In this work we have studied the influence of the gaze stabilizing movements of the eye on the quality of the retinal image of the human eye obtained by double pass methods. The results obtained agree with the expected differences between the coherent and incoherent behaviour of the optical system of the eye. The movements-free retinal image is obtained from a typical retinal image by considering a filter function in the frequency domain which characterizes the effect of the considered movements.
Reverse engineering expert visual observations: From fixations to the learning of spatial filters with a neural-gas algorithm
2013
Human beings can become experts in performing specific vision tasks, for example, doctors analysing medical images, or botanists studying leaves. With sufficient knowledge and experience, people can become very efficient at such tasks. When attempting to perform these tasks with a machine vision system, it would be highly beneficial to be able to replicate the process which the expert undergoes. Advances in eye-tracking technology can provide data to allow us to discover the manner in which an expert studies an image. This paper presents a first step towards utilizing these data for computer vision purposes. A growing-neural-gas algorithm is used to learn a set of Gabor filters which give h…
Exploiting Visual Saliency Algorithms for Object-Based Attention: A New Color and Scale-Based Approach
2017
Visual Saliency aims to detect the most important regions of an image from a perceptual point of view. More in detail, the goal of Visual Saliency is to build a Saliency Map revealing the salient subset of a given image by analyzing bottom-up and top-down factors of Visual Attention. In this paper we proposed a new method for Saliency detection based on colour and scale analysis, extending our previous work based on SIFT spatial density inspection. We conducted several experiments to study the relationships between saliency methods and the object attention processes and we collected experimental data by tracking the eye movements of thirty viewers in the first three seconds of observation o…
An on-line learning method for face association in personal photo collection
2012
Due to the widespread use of cameras, it is very common to collect thousands of personal photos. A proper organization is needed to make the collection usable and to enable an easy photo retrieval. In this paper, we present a method to organize personal photo collections based on ''who'' is in the picture. Our method consists in detecting the faces in the photo sequence and arranging them in groups corresponding to the probable identities. This problem can be conveniently modeled as a multi-target visual tracking where a set of on-line trained classifiers is used to represent the identity models. In contrast to other works where clustering methods are used, our method relies on a probabilis…
Avoiding minorities: Social invisibility
2012
Three experiments examined how self-consciousness has an impact on the visual exploration of a social field. The main hypothesis was that merely a photograph of people can trigger a dynamic process of social visual interaction such that minority images are avoided when people are in a state of self-reflective consciousness. In all three experiments, pairs of pictures—one with characters of social minorities and one with characters of social majorities—were shown to the participants. By means of eye-tracking technology, the results of Experiment 1 (n=20) confirmed the hypothesis that in the reflective consciousness condition, people look more at the majority than minority characters. The res…
Selective attention in the news feed: An eye-tracking study on the perception and selection of political news posts on Facebook
2018
Social networking sites such as Facebook are becoming increasingly important as a source for news. However, few studies have investigated what drives attention to content within the news feed and what influences the selection of news posts. We hypothesized that attitude consistency, the credibility of a source, and comments of other users raise interest in a news post in the news feed and influence the selection decision. A 2 × 2 × 2 laboratory experiment ( N = 103) using eye-tracking measurement showed that attitude consistency did not influence attention distribution in the news feed, but users preferred to select news posts with content reinforcing their attitudes. Participants spent mor…