Search results for "FAE"
showing 10 items of 228 documents
Impact of biotic interactions on the survival of emerging pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii in aquatic media
2019
Abstract Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen causing infections in immunocompromised patients. Recent studies recorded its persistence in a variety of abiotic conditions, but data regarding the biotic interactions with other microorganisms are limited. The aim was to assess the interaction of clinically relevant A. baumannii with common faecal bacteria Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium. Additionally, the interaction with a bdelloid rotifer Adineta vaga as a potential agent for biological control of A. baumannii was examined. Experiments were conducted in nutrient-poor spring water (SW) and nutrient-rich diluted nutrient broth (DNB) at 22 °C. A. baumannii coexisted w…
Cladosins L-O, new hybrid polyketides from the endophytic fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum WBS017
2019
Abstract The endophytic fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum WBS017 was obtained from healthy bulbs of Fritillaria unibracteata var. wabuensis. Fermentation of C. sphaerospermum on solid rice medium yielded three new hybrid polyketides, cladosins L−N (1–3), and a known derivative cladodionen (4). Further cultivation of this fungus on white bean medium afforded an additional new hybrid polyketide, cladosin O (5) along with three known analogues (6–8). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated using a combination of NMR and HRESIMS data. The absolute configurations of compounds 2 and 3 were determined by Mosher’s method and TDDFT-ECD calculations. All isolated compounds were evaluated…
Comparison between a guaiac and three immunochemical faecal occult blood tests in screening for colorectal cancer
2012
Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the guaiac-based faecal occult blood test (G-FOBT), with that of three immunochemical faecal occult blood tests (I-FOBT) which allow automatic interpretation. Patients and methods Under the French organised screening programme, 85,149 average-risk individuals aged 50–74 participating in the third screening round, performed both the G-FOBT (Hemoccult-II test) and one of the I-FOBTs: FOB-Gold, Magstream and OC-Sensor. Results Given the chosen threshold, the positivity ratio between the different I-FOBTs and the G-FOBT was 2.4 for FOB-Gold, 2.0 for Magstream and 2.2 for OC-Sensor (P = 0.17). The three I-FOBTs were supe…
Immunochemical faecal occult blood tests are superior to guaiac-based tests for the detection of colorectal neoplasms
2008
The aim of this study was to compare the performance of a guaiac-based faecal occult blood test (G-FOBT) with that of an immunochemical faecal occult blood test (I-FOBT). A total of 17,215 average risk individuals aged 50 to 74 enrolled in a population-based organised screening programme and performed a 3-day G-FOBT and a 2-day I-FOBT simultaneously. Among participants, 3.1% were found positive for the G-FOBT and 6.9% for the I-FOBT (p<10(-4)). Among the 1205 participants who tested positive and underwent a colonoscopy, the number of detected cancers and advanced adenomas was respectively 2.6 times higher and 3.5 times higher with the I-FOBT than with the G-FOBT. The positive predictive val…
Faecal immunochemical tests: A valuable tool for colorectal cancer screening
2012
Colorectal cancer is a major health problem in industrialized ountries and fulfils the conditions required to justifymass screenng of the general population. Population-based controlled studies erformed in Europe have shown that guaiac faecal occult blood esting (G-FOBT) followed by colonoscopy to detect the cause of leeding can reduce colorectal cancer mortality [1]. Nearly all pubished studies evaluated the Hemoccult II (Beckman Coulter Inc., ea, USA) faecal occult blood test. Screening for colorectal caner using FOBT has, therefore, been included in the European Code gainst Cancer and has been endorsed by the European Commision [2]. Despite its high specificity, Hemoccult has been critic…
Los años de la hegemonía socialista. 1983-1995
2007
"Los años de la hegemonía socialista. 1983-1995" es un capítulo escrito por Benito Sanz en la obra colectiva editada por el diario Levante: "La Gran Historia de la Comunitat Valenciana. La democracia reconquistada. De la Transición a la normalización democrática (1975-2008)", tomo 10, dirigida por Francesc A. Martínez y Antonio Laguna. Valencia 2007. "Los años de la hegemonía socialista. 1983-1995" recoge las tres legislaturas en las que el PSPV-PSOE gobernó de forma hegemónica casi todas las instituciones publicas de España, la Comunidad Valenciana, así como las tres diputaciones provinciales, los tres ayuntamientos de las capitales de las provincias y la gran mayoría de los municipios. Jo…
Daily follow-up of bacterial communities in the human gut reveals stable composition and host-specific patterns of interaction
2012
In the last decade, an extensive effort has been made to characterize the human intestinal microbiota by means of SSU rRNA gene sequence and metagenomic analysis. Relatively few studies have followed intestinal bacterial communities over time to assess their stability in the absence of perturbation. In this study, we have monitored the faecal bacteria of three healthy subjects during 15 consecutive days. The global community structure was analysed through SSU rRNA gene sequencing. In agreement with previous studies, we found that the between-subject variation in community structure was larger than within. The composition was fairly stable throughout, although daily fluctuations were detecte…
Baseline gut microbiome composition predicts metformin therapy short-term efficacy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients
2020
BackgroundThe study was conducted to investigate the effects of metformin treatment on the human gut microbiome's taxonomic and functional profile in the Latvian population, and to evaluate the correlation of these changes with therapeutic efficacy and tolerance.MethodsIn this longitudinal observational study, stool samples for shotgun metagenomic sequencing-based analysis were collected in two cohorts. The first cohort included 35 healthy nondiabetic individuals (metformin dose 2x850mg/day) at three time-points during metformin administration. The second cohort was composed of 50 newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients (metformin dose-determined by an endocrinologist) at two concordant ti…
Infective endocarditis: review of 36 cases
2009
In a retrospective study of cases of infective endocarditis (IE) observed in adult patients, the data of patients hospitalized for definite IE in the Cardiosurgery Unit of ARNAS-Civico in Palermo (Italy) from March 2003 to September 2006 were analysed. All cases were classified according to the modified Duke criteria. In all, 36 immunocompetent patients with "definite" IE were included (20 males and 16 females with a median age of 54 years). The aortic valve (23/36, 64%) was the most commonly involved, followed by the mitral (19/36, 52.7%) and tricuspid valve (4/36, 11%). In 10 patients (27.7%), a double localization was observed. Blood culture yielded a positive result in 15 cases. Staphyl…
Gut-adipose tissue axis in hepatic fat accumulation in humans
2014
Recent evidence suggests that in animals gut microbiota composition (GMC) affects the onset and progression of hepatic fat accumulation. The aim of this study was to investigate in humans whether subjects with high hepatic fat content (HHFC) differ in their GMC from those with low hepatic fat content (LHFC), and whether these differences are associated with body composition, biomarkers and abdominal adipose tissue inflammation.Hepatic fat content (HFC) was measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS). Fecal GMC was profiled by 16S rRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization and flow cytometry. Adipose tissue gene expression was analyzed using Affymetrix microarrays and quant…