Search results for "FALLS"
showing 10 items of 146 documents
[Osteoporosis and diabetes].
2011
Diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis are chronic diseases with an elevated and growing incidence in the elderly. Recent epidemiological studies have demonstrated an elevated risk of hip, humerus and foot fractures in elder diabetic subjects. While type 1 diabetes is generally associated with a mild reduction in bone mineral density (BMD), type 2 diabetes, more prevalent in old subjects, is frequently linked to a normal or high BMD. Studies on experimental models of diabetes have suggested an altered bone structure that may help to explain the elevated risk of fractures observed in these animals and may as well help to explain the paradox of an incremented risk of fractures in type 2 diabetic …
The effects of physical training without equipment on pain perception and balance in the elderly: A randomized controlled trial
2017
BACKGROUND: Research supports a link between exercise and falls prevention in the older population. OBJECTIVES: Our aims were to evaluate pain perception and balance skills in a group of elderly subjects and to examine the consequences of a standardized equipment-free exercise program intervention on these variables. The study utilized a randomized controlled trial method. METHODS: 92 subjects were recruited from a rural Sicilian village (Resuttano, Sicily, Italy). Subjects were randomly split into two groups, an experimental group (EG; n = 49) and a control group (CG; n = 43). Qualified fitness instructors delivered the standardized physical exercise program for the EG whilst the CG did no…
Dual-task conditions on static postural control in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2021
Dual-task (DT) consists of the performance of two tasks simultaneously. An index of DT difficulty has been linked to decreased postural control. Because a wide range of DT is employed, this study aimed to evaluate its effects in static balance in older adults. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were screened, and the secondary tasks were grouped as manual, reaction time, discrimination and decision making, mental tracking, verbal fluency, working memory, or “other” tasks. A total of 66 studies have been included. The meta-analysis was conducted on 28 effects and showed a significant mean effect size of d = 0.24 (p = .02, SE = 0.10; confidence interval [0.04, 0.44]), indicating a worsening i…
Decreased postural control in people with moderate hearing loss
2018
Balance is a complex process that involves multiple sensory integrations. The auditory, visual, and vestibular systems are the main contributors. Hearing loss or hearing impairment may induce inappropriate postural strategies that could affect balance and therefore increase the risk of falling. The aim of this study was to understand whether hearing loss could influence balance, cervical posture, and muscle activation in the cervical region. Thirteen patients (61 ± 13 years; 161.8 ± 11.0 cm; 70.5 ± 15.9 kg) with moderate hearing loss (Right ear −60 ± 21 dB; Left ear −61 ± 24 dB) underwent: an audiometric examination, a postural examination (with open and closed eyes) through a stabilometric…
Effects of 12-month home-based physiotherapy on duration of living at home and functional capacity among older persons with signs of frailty or with …
2018
Health concerns, such as frailty and osteoporotic fractures decrease functional capacity and increase use of health and social care services in the aging population. The ability to continue living at home is dependent on functional capacity, which can be enhanced by rehabilitation. We study the effects of a 12-month home-based physiotherapy program with 12-month follow-up on duration of living at home, functional capacity, and the use of social and health care services among older persons with signs of frailty, or with a recently operated hip fracture. This is a non-blinded, parallel group, randomized controlled trial performed in South Karelia Social and Health Care District, Finland (popu…
Mobility decline in old age.
2012
Mobility is important for community independence. With increasing age, underlying pathologies, genetic vulnerabilities, physiological and sensory impairments, and environmental barriers increase the risk for mobility decline. Understanding how mobility declines is paramount to finding ways to promote mobility in old age. peerReviewed
Pharmacogenetics of treatments for pancreatic cancer
2019
Introduction: Despite clinical efforts, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis. The scarcity of effective therapies can be reflected by the lack of reliable biomarkers to adapt anticancer drugs prescription to tumors’ and patients’ features. Areas covered: Pharmacogenetics should provide the way to select patients who may benefit from a specific therapy that best matches individual and tumor genetic profile, but it has not yet led to gains in outcome. This review describes PDAC pharmacogenetics findings, critically reappraising studies on polymorphisms and -omics profiles correlated to response to gemcitabine, FOLFIRINOX, and nab-paclitaxel combinations, as well as l…
Risk of Hospitalized Falls and Hip Fractures in 22,103 Older Adults Receiving Mental Health Care vs 161,603 Controls: A Large Cohort Study.
2020
Abstract: Objectives: To investigate the risk of hospitalized fall or hip fracture among older adults using mental health services. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting and Participants: Residents of a South London catchment aged >60 years receiving specialist mental health care between 2008 and 2016. Measures: Falls and/or a hip fracture leading to hospitalization were ascertained from linked national records. Incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were age- and gender-standardized to the catchment population. Multivariable survival analyses were applied investigating falls and/or hip fractures as outcomes. Results: In 22,103 older adults, incidence rates were 60.1 per 100…
[Psychomotor disadaptation syndrome].
2014
We describe the psychomotor disadaptation syndrome and report the last findings on its physiopathology and therapeutic. This syndrome was first described by Pr Gaudet's team in 1986 and named "psychomotor regression syndrome". This name has been recently changed into "psychomotor disadaptation syndrome".The psychomotor disadaptation syndrome is a decompensation of postural function, gait and psychomotor automatisms due to the alteration of the posture and motor programming. That alteration is linked to subcortical-frontal lesions. Clinically, the psychomotor disadaptation syndrome is characterized by postural impairments (retro-propulsion or backward disequilibrium), non-specific gait disor…
Editorial: Postural control, exercise physiology and the balance training—type of exercises, mechanisms and insights
2023
Editorial on the Research Topic Postural health, today more than ever, is entering a part of everyday life and is associated with the biomechanical analysis of the human body. The ability to obtain or restore a stable state of balance is referred to as postural control (Pollock et al., 2000). Postural control is a complex task, and many factors contribute to good control. The postural control is dependent on peripheral sensory systems and their functioning. In addition, receptors such as vision and the vestibular system have a significant influence on the postural control system. The quality of the performance of this system depends on the integration of visual, vestibular, proprioceptive, …