Search results for "FARM"

Eksosomu raksturošana izmantojot šķidruma hromatogrāfiju - masspektrometriju

2015

Eksosomas ir mazas ekstracelulāras vezīkulas, kuras atrodamas praktiski jebkurās eikariotiskajās šūnās un ķermeņa šķidrumos. Tās tika atklātas ar elektrona mikroskopa palīdzību jau vairāk nekā pirms 30 gadiem, bet tikai pēdējos gados tās ir ieguvušas ļoti plašu popularitāti kā pētījuma objekts. Kaut arī eksosomu sastāvs un izcelšanās ir ļoti plaši izpētīts un zināms, tomēr to darbības mehānismi un nozīme vēl tikai tiek meklēta. Jau ir zināms, ka eksosomas ir potenciāli biomarķieri, šūnu komponentu transports un spēlē nozīmīgu lomu starpšūnu komunikācijā.

Farmaceitiskā konsultācija interneta aptiekā

2015

Interneta aptiekas parādījās pasaulē salīdzinoši nesen, taču šis jaunais pakalpojuma veids mūsdienās ir izplatīts un turpina attīstīties gandrīz visās civilizētās valstīs, arī Latvijā. Lai nodrošinātu klientu apmierinātību un pienācīgu aprūpi, farmaceitam jābūt spējīgam veidot pozitīvu komunikāciju, izzināt un saprast klienta vajadzības, sāpes un problēmas. Farmaceits spēj to izdarīt, apgūstot empātiju kā vienu no savām profesionālajām iemaņām, un tad pielietot to, konsultējot klientus pa telefonu vai elektroniski. Praktiskā darba rezultātā tika atklātas statistiski ticamas atšķirības starp vecumu grupām un respondentu nepieciešamība saņemt empātiju farmaceita konsultācijas laikā interneta …

LE SEQUENZE T2-FLAIR E DWI NELLA DIAGNOSI DI ENCEFALOPATIA DI WERNICKE NON ALCOOL- CORRELATA

2013

SCOPO DEL LAVORO Valutare l’accuratezza delle immagini T2-FLAIR e DWI nello studio delle lesioni caratteristiche dell’Encefalopatia di Wernicke. MATERIALI E METODI Studio effettuato su donna di 56 anni, affetta da Encefalopatia di Wernicke non alcool-correlata. Nel Dicembre 2011 la paziente è stata sottoposta ad esame RM, utilizzando un tomografo operante a 1,5 T con acquisizione di scansioni sui piani assiale, sagittale e coronale in tecnica Spin-Echo (SE), Fast Spin-Echo (FSE), Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) e Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI), con sequenze T1 e T2 pesate. L’esame è stato completato dopo infusione e.v. di m.d.c. paramagnetico. L’indagine mostrava la presenza…

Stereoselective Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of 2,4-Bridged Piperidine Derivatives Designed to Activate the κ-Opioid Receptor

2021

Acetaldehyde as a drug of abuse: Involvement of endocannabinoid- and dopamine neurotransmission

2014

Acetaldehyde (ACD), the first metabolite of ethanol, directly enhances dopamine neurotransmission (1) and has rewarding and motivational properties in paradigms tailored for studying addictive-like behaviours (2, 3). The endocannabinoid system affects distinct drug-related behaviours, since it may in turn fine-tune dopamine cell activity (4, 5). In light of this, the present study aimed at investigating the effects of a direct manipulation of the DAergic synapse, and the contribution of the endocannabinoid system on oral ACD self-administration in rats. ACD drinking-behaviour was evaluated in an operant paradigm consisting of acquisition and maintenance; extinction; deprivation and relapse;…

In vitro evaluation of glycol chitosan based formulations as oral delivery systems for efflux pump inhibition.

2017

Recently, we have reported that glycol chitosan (GCS) was able to reverse the P- glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of two GCS-based dosage forms (aqueous solution or nanoparticle suspension) for oral administration of the P-gp substrate Rho-123. A further aim of the present study was to assess the effect of the glycol chitosan-4-thiobutylamidine thiomer (GCS-TBA) on P-gp activity considering that the corresponding thiomer of chitosan series is a well-known P-gp inhibitor. Pre-treatment of Caco-2 cell monolayer with a GCS solution or GCS-based nanoparticles increased the absorptive transport of Rho-123 across the monolayer of 1.…

Aeromonas salmonicida in Finland: pathological problems associated with atypical and typical strains

1991

. Aeromonas salmonicida was studied at fish farms producing salmonid smolts in northern and central Finland from 1982 onwards. Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida has been causing epizootics in salmon, Salmo salar L., and trout, S. trutta L., at two coastal farms in northern Finland sinee 1986, involving 1–29% mortality in the fish-rearing units affceted. The disease causes more serious losses of sea trout yearlings and brood fish than of salmon. The achromogenic atypical A. salmonicida proved to be the most common bacterial disease in brown and sea trout at one farm in northern Finland throughout the period, causing constant heavy losses, mainly of fingerlings, especially in 1982–1986…

Ocular gelling microspheres: in vitro precorneal retention time and drug permeation through reconstituted corneal epithelium.

2008

Purpose: The model drug norfloxacin (NOR)was encapsulated into trehalose (TRH) and hydroxyethylcellulose(NAT) microspheres to obtain a novel gelling ophthalmic delivery system for prolonged release on corneal tissue. Methods: We assessed NOR release from microspheres, prepared by the emulsion-solvent evaporation method. A new in vitro tear turnover model, including inserts containing reconstituted human corneal epithelium (RHC), was designed to evaluate the TRH/NAT microspheres’ precorneal retention time. Bioadhesive properties of TRH/NAT microspheres were validated by using drug-loaded microspheres prepared with gelatine (GLT) commonly used as reference material in adhesion studies. Result…

Papel de las Membranas Asociadas a Retículo Endoplasmático y Mitocondria (MAMs) en la fisiopatología celular de la Ataxia de Friedreich y su relevanc…

2022

Calcium (Ca2+) is involved in different cellular functions and signaling pathways, mediating between extracellular and intracellular signals. MAMs (Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria associated membranes) are specific close appositions formed by the physical interaction of the ER and the mitochondria, thus regulating the main intracellular Ca2+ flux by means of the communication between the two compartments. This is fundamental to maintain cell function and so it has been proposed as a common mechanism in neurodegeneration. Friedreich's Ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder in which patients show reduced levels of frataxin (FXN), a protein fundamentally associat…

In vitro glucuronidation of 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives in intestine and liver microsomes of Beagle dogs

2019

Beagle dog is a standard animal model for evaluating nonclinical pharmacokinetics of new drug candidates. Glucuronidation in intestine and liver is an important first-pass drug metabolic pathway, especially for phenolic compounds. This study evaluated the glucuronidation characteristics of several 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives in beagle dog's intestine and liver in vitro. To this end, glucuronidation rates of 7-hydroxycoumarin (compound 1), 7-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin (2), 6-methoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin (3), 7-hydroxy-3-(4-tolyl)coumarin (4), 3-(4-fluorophenyl)coumarin (5), 7-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)coumarin (6), 7-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)coumarin (7), and 7-hydroxy-3-(1H-1,2,4-t…