Search results for "FAS"
showing 10 items of 2015 documents
The Fascist Ruling Class. A Geography of Power between Centre and Periphery
2022
How did the fascist ruling class consolidate? From which parts of the country did the new notables of the regime come? What was their geographical, age and cultural background? The essay aims to answer these questions by analysing in particular the list of general secretaries of the National Fascist Party, the federal secretaries of the provinces and the prefects,
La seduzione squadrista in un fascismo periferico. Memoria e ceto politico a Palermo
2019
During Mussolini's dictatorship, the concept of squadrismo was an essential aspect of the Fascist identity. Squadrismo was widespread in Central and Northern Italy in particular, and certain cities in the South subsequently resorted to fabricating their own squadrist myths and traditions. This essay focuses on the case of Palermo. The relationship between the fascist squads' origins and certain local leaders' life histories is underlined. More specifically, an attempt is made to show how Palermo had more "political" prefects than many other Italian provinces. As Fascism emerged later in the South than elsewhere in Italy, the local party hierarchies had not taken part in the original Fascist…
Lo squadrismo
2022
The essay sets out to analyse the genesis of fascist squadrismo, the wave of violence that brought Mussolini to power in 1922. Three levels in particular will be considered. Firstly, an attempt will be made to measure the impact of that violence through the incidence of certain crimes. Then, we will focus on the words used to describe it and the advent of the word 'squadrism'. finally, the fascist memory of squadrism, maintained and elaborated throughout the twenty-year period, will be considered
Davide e Golia. Giuseppe Antonio Borgese e la traiettoria americanista di un esule antifascista
2019
Giuseppe Antonio Borgese was one of the anti-fascist intellectuals who, around the Thirties of the XX Century, let themselves be involved by the American myth. Although inspired by democratic ideals mixed with a profound sense of Risorgimento and libertarian patriotism, he was near the nationalist and interventionist ideology. The decisive turning point in Borgese's life took place during the years in which the dictatorship and the regime of censorship imposed by Fascism, became ever more alive and dominant, causing him to develop the idea of leaving Italy for the United States. Beyond the contradictories relationships that bound him to the two Countries, Borgese, unable to recognize his ho…
The pentiti of the Sicilian mafia in the 1930s
2013
Mussolini had declared that Fascism, through the anti-mafia campaign entrusted to Cesare Mori, prefect of Palermo, in the second half of the 1920s, had conclusively liberated Sicily from the mafia. However, from the early 1930s a new deterioration of public order on the island was evident, and the regime was forced to launch a second, and much less publicised, repression of this phenomenon. In the course of its careful investigations the body given responsibility for pursuing this repression, the Ispettorato Generale di Pubblica Sicurezza per la Sicilia, compiled a series of reports, including the Processo verbale di denunzia relating to the area around Palermo. With a level of detail never…
Un ponte ancora aperto? Alcune note sull’emigrazione siciliana verso gli Stati Uniti durante il fascismo
2018
During the 1920s, after the promulgation by US government of the Quota Acts, and after the new fascist policies about emigration in Italy (1926), we register a dramatic decrease of the transatlantic migration flows from Italy to the US. Focusing on the case of Sicily, one of the region which had sent more emigrants to the US during the Great Migration, this essay analyses the issue of migratory waves from Southern Italy to the US during the Fascism. In fact, despite of the reshaping of migration policies, some traditional networks between Sicily and America are still working. For example, some new researches about transnational Mafia reveal the existence of dynamic Sicilian-American network…
“Generalist” Journals between Dissemination of Economics and Regime Propaganda
2019
Early in the 20th, generalist journals – a kind of press which had its major diffusion in the nineteenth century – continue to accommodate the contributions of economists offering a specific debating space. However, with the affirmation of fascist ideology, generalist periodicals progressively ceased to exist or to host economists’ articles. Thus, the main object of this research consists in clarifying what could be intended by “generalism” and in relation to which events and ideological pressures it disappeared as a different way to do journalism in a dialectic interplay with specialization. The paper reviews the panorama of generalist journals focusing on the impact of the Fascist regime …
Il potere dei numeri. I primi anni di vita dell’Istituto centrale di statistica
2018
In the early 1920s, many European countries called for the creation of new national statistical offices to coordinate statistical analysis in support of governments' action, due also to the new role taken on by the State after WWI. In Italy the reorganization and strengthening of official statistics were two objectives consistent with the centralization of powers pursued by Fascism, and it is therefore no coincidence that during the twenties the reforms of the statistical service - starting with the foundation in 1926 of the Central Institute of Statistics (Istat) - were carried out by the new government led by Benito Mussolini. This essay will use published and archival documents to explor…
Paradojas de la historia, paradojas de la historiografía. Las peripecias del fascismo español
2001
The author argues here the importance of avoiding the paradigm of backwardness in analyzing the evolution and vicissitudes of Spanish fascism. Like in other European countries, the fin-de-siècle cultural crisis saw the emergence of a new nationalist political culture, which would deeply influence Spanish fascism in the future. After the failure of the fascist movement during the Second Republic, explicable fundamentally in political terms, there followed its conversion into a mass party during the Civil War and its immediate subordination to the State, to which it nonetheless represented a fundamental support. Franco’s regime, as a fascistic —not fascist— dictatorship, may be seen as a pecu…
Banks, Firms and Economic Culture: Economists and Research Centres in Interwar Italy
2020
In the interwar years, Italy experimented a strong growth of applied economic research. The foundation of research centers can be read and placed in a much wider international trend that emerged during the Great War. In this essay, we offer a map of the most important research centers, exploring the extensive web of relationships between the academia and the productive world. We then focus on a set of case studies, selected for their relevance. Section 2 is devoted to the banking sector, with reference to four important cases (Banca Commerciale Italiana, Banca d’Italia, Associazione Bancaria Italiana and Banco di Sicilia); section 3 to the industrial sector (IRI, Finsider, Ansaldo, Edison, …