Search results for "FAST"

showing 10 items of 821 documents

Time‐resolved absorption and luminescence following electron‐hole pair creation in ZnO

2008

We report transient absorption induced by electron-hole excitation in undoped ZnO. A laser pump/continuum probe method covers 2–300 ps, and an electron pulse with lamp transmission covers 8–300 ns. The broad absorption spectrum increases monotonically with wavelength from 900 to 1600 nm. Following a reasonable hypothesis that the free-carrier-like induced infrared absorption is proportional to the total number of free carriers, excitons, and shallow-trapped carriers in the sample, these data allow setting an upper limit on the quantum efficiency of a specified lifetime component of luminescence. For the undoped commercial ZnO studied in this report, the quantum efficiency of room temperatur…

DopantAbsorption spectroscopyCondensed Matter::OtherChemistrybusiness.industryExcitonDopingElectron holeCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceUltrafast laser spectroscopyOptoelectronicsQuantum efficiencyLuminescencebusinessphysica status solidi c
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Intramolecular charge transfer and dual fluorescence of 4-(dimethylamino)benzonitrile: ultrafast branching followed by a two-fold decay mechanism.

2011

International audience; In this contribution we present new experimental and theoretical results for the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) reaction underlying the dual fluorescence of 4-(dimethylamino) benzonitrile ( DMABN), which indicate that the fully twisted ICT (TICT) state is responsible for the time-resolved transient absorption spectrum while a distinct partially twisted ICT (pTICT) structure is suggested for the fluorescent ICT state.

Dual fluorescenceTime Factors010304 chemical physicsGeneral Physics and Astronomy010402 general chemistryBranching (polymer chemistry)Photochemistry01 natural sciencesFluorescenceFluorescence3. Good health0104 chemical sciences[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryBenzonitrilechemistry.chemical_compoundSpectrometry FluorescencechemistryIntramolecular forceparasitic diseases0103 physical sciencesUltrafast laser spectroscopyNitrilesQuantum TheoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryUltrashort pulsePhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Invasion biology in non‐free‐living species: interactions between abiotic (climatic) and biotic (host availability) factors in geographical space in …

2013

In invasion processes, both abiotic and biotic factors are considered essential, but the latter are usually disregarded when modeling the potential spread of exotic species. In the framework of set theory, interactions between biotic (B), abiotic (A), and movement-related (M) factors in the geographical space can be hypothesized with BAM diagrams and tested using ecological niche models (ENMs) to estimate A and B areas. The main aim of our survey was to evaluate the interactions between abiotic (climatic) and biotic (host availability) factors in geographical space for exotic symbionts (i.e., non-free-living species), using ENM techniques combined with a BAM framework and using exotic Entoc…

Ecological nicheAbiotic componentBiotic componentEcologybiologyEcologyRange (biology)ecological niche modelsIntroduced speciesbiological invasions; BAM diagrams; ecological niche models; host availability.biology.organism_classificationCrayfishPacifastacusInvasive speciesBiological invasionsBAM diagramshost availabilityEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsOriginal ResearchNature and Landscape ConservationEcology and Evolution
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Peculiarities of Phase Formation in Mn-Based Na SuperIonic Conductor (NaSICon) Systems: The Case of Na1+2xMnxTi2–x(PO4)3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.5)

2021

This project has received funding from the European Regional Development Fund (Project no. 01.2.2-LMT-K-718-02–0005) under grant agreement with the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT). We thank the High Performance Computing Center “HPC Saulėtekis” at the Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, for the use of computational resources.

Electrode materialEnergyMaterials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_element:NATURAL SCIENCES::Physics [Research Subject Categories]Transition metalsGeneral ChemistryManganesePhosphatePhase formationArticleConductorchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMaterials ChemistryFast ion conductorDiffractionElectrodesMaterialsChemistry of Materials
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Earlier Developed Techniques

2014

The first electrochemical experiments were performed with solid materials, esp. metals. However, these experiments, conducted in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, were directed toward the elucidation of the basic features of the electrical action of chemical substances and the chemical action of electricity. Initially, metals played the major role; only later it became obvious that many chemical compounds possess metallic or semiconducting properties that can be utilized in electrochemical cells. Parallel to the studies of new electrode materials, solid electrolytes were discovered and entire solid galvanic cells could be constructed. In this book, we will entirely neglect pure solid…

Electrode materialMaterials scienceComposite electrodeGalvanic cellFast ion conductorNanotechnologySolid materialElectrochemistryElectrochemical cell
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Improved fast Gauss transform for meshfree electromagnetic transients simulations

2019

Abstract In this paper improved fast summations are introduced to enhance a meshfree solver for the evolution of the electromagnetic fields over time. The original method discretizes the time-domain Maxwell’s curl equations via Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics requiring many summations on the first derivatives of the kernel function and field vectors at each time step. The improved fast Gauss transform is properly adopted picking up the computational cost and the memory requirement at an acceptable level preserving the accuracy of the computation. Numerical simulations in two-dimensional domains are discussed giving evidence of improvements in the computation compared to the standard formula…

Electromagnetic fieldCurl (mathematics)Numerical approximation Improve fast Gauss transform Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Maxwell’s equationsApplied MathematicsComputation010102 general mathematicsGauss transformTime stepSolver01 natural sciences010101 applied mathematicsSmoothed-particle hydrodynamicsSettore MAT/08 - Analisi NumericaSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaApplied mathematics0101 mathematicsMathematics
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Transient absorption studies of the Ru(dcbpy)2(NCS)2 excited state and the dye cation on nanocrystalline TiO2 film

2001

We have measured dynamics of the Ru(dcbpy)2(NCS)2 [dcbpy = 4,4′-dicarboxy-2,2′-bipyridine] excited state and the dye cation on nanocrystalline TiO2 film in the wavelength region 700–900 nm. The dye in ethanol solution and Ru(dcbpy)2(NCS)2 sensitized nanocrystalline Al2O3 films were used as non-injecting reference samples for excited state identification. For TiO2/Ru(dcbpy)2(NCS)2 film the `reactant' decay and `product' formation kinetics observed at different probe wavelengths showed that the resolved transient absorption picosecond components (1.1±0.2), (12±2) and (100±5) ps are related to electron injection from the excited states of the dye to the semiconductor TiO2.

Electron transferAbsorption spectroscopyNanocrystalChemistryExcited statePicosecondUltrafast laser spectroscopyKineticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhotochemistryNanocrystalline materialChemical Physics Letters
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Photoinduced interfacial electron injection in RuN3–TiO2 thin films: Resolving picosecond timescale injection from the triplet state of the protonate…

2008

Using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy we have studied light-induced electron injection from the sensitizer RuN3 and its partly deprotonated tetrabutylamonium salt to nano-structured TiO2 film. Previous studies have suggested significant differences in electron injection dynamics for these dyes and some results have indicated that aggregation of the sensitizer may lead to slow injection. By measuring transient absorption spectra and kinetics of RuN3 and RuN3-TBA in solution and attached to TiO2 film we show that the electron injection dynamics are very similar for the two forms of the dye and that aggregation has only moderate effects on the electron transfer dynamics. (c) 2008…

Electron transferChemistryPicosecondFemtosecondUltrafast laser spectroscopyKineticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTriplet stateThin filmSpectroscopyPhotochemistryChemical Physics Letters
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Asymmetries in the momentum distributions of electrons stripped by a XUV chirped pulse in the presence of a laser field

2012

The ionization of hydrogen by a chirped XUV pulse in the presence of a few cycle infrared laser pulse has been investigated. The electron momentum distribution has been obtained by treating the interaction of the atom with the XUV radiation at the first order of the time-dependent perturbation theory and describing the emitted electron through the Coulomb-Volkov wavefunction. The results of the calculations agree with the ones found by solving numerically the time-dependent Schr¨odinger equation. It has been found that depending on the delay between the pulses the combined effect of the XUV chirp and of the steering action on the infrared field brings about asymmetries in the electron momen…

ElectronsElectronSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materialaw.inventionMomentumElectron TransportOpticslawIonizationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersChirpComputer SimulationPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysicsbusiness.industryLasersFar-infrared laserPulse durationLaserStrong-field processes Ultrafast opticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPulse (physics)Energy TransferModels ChemicalAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAtomic physicsbusiness
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Analysis of protein composition of red wine in comparison with rosé and white wines by electrophoresis and high-pressure liquid chromatography-mass s…

2009

Wine proteins not only influence wine stability but are also being discussed as potential allergens. Proteins from red, rose, and white wines were enriched by dialysis and lyophilization followed by separation by SDS-PAGE. Significant differences were detected in the protein compositions of the analyzed wine varieties, and the major protein bands were identified by mass spectrometry after in-gel digestion with trypsin. In German Portugieser red wine, a total of 121 tryptic peptides were identified, which were attributed to 12 grape proteins and 6 proteins derived from yeast. Among the identified constituents are several proteins considered to influence wine stability and previously describe…

ElectrophoresisWineMass spectrometryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyMass SpectrometryFungal ProteinsTrypsinVitisChromatography High Pressure LiquidPlant ProteinsWineChromatographyMolecular massChemistrydigestive oral and skin physiologyfood and beveragesProteinsFast protein liquid chromatographyGeneral ChemistryAllergensAntigens PlantYeastWhite WineFruitGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesCarrier ProteinsPlant lipid transfer proteinsFood HypersensitivityJournal of agricultural and food chemistry
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