Search results for "FATE"

showing 10 items of 765 documents

Contact Sensitizers Specifically Increase MHC Class II Expression on Murine Immature Dendritic Cells

2000

Contact sensitivity is a T-cell-mediated immune disease that can occur when low-molecular-weight chemicals penetrate the skin. In vivo topical application of chemical sensitizers results in morphological modification of Langerhans cells (LC). Moreover, within 18 h, LC increase their major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens expression and migrate to lymph nodes where they present the sensitizer to T lymphocytes. We wanted to determine if such an effect could also be observed in vitro. However, because of the high genetic diversity encountered in humans, assays were performed with dendritic cells (DC) obtained from a Balb/c mouse strain. The capacity of a strong sensitizer, DN…

Health Toxicology and MutagenesisGenes MHC Class IIBone Marrow CellsSodium ChlorideBiologyAnimal Testing AlternativesToxicologyMajor histocompatibility complexCell LineImmunophenotypingOxazoloneMicechemistry.chemical_compoundImmune systemAntigens CDIn vivoCell AdhesionmedicineAnimalsDimethyl SulfoxideBenzothiazolesCells CulturedSensitizationMice Inbred BALB CMHC class IIHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIOxazoloneSodium Dodecyl SulfateDendritic CellsDendritic cellMolecular biologyIn vitroThiazolesmedicine.anatomical_structureGene Expression RegulationchemistryAntigens SurfaceDermatitis Allergic ContactImmunologyIrritantsbiology.proteinDinitrofluorobenzeneFemaleHaptensIn Vitro & Molecular Toxicology
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Conservation state of two paintings in the Santa Margherita cliff cave: role of the environment and of the microbial community

2021

Abstract The conservation of ancient paintings sited in humid environments is an actual challenge for restorers, because it needs the knowledge of the materials the paintings are made up and of their interaction with a peculiar surrounding environment; thus, tailored procedures and strategies aimed at restoring and preserving paintings are necessary. The Santa Margherita’s cave in Castellammare del Golfo (Trapani, Italy) is a natural cave, containing the remains of paintings, in a poor state of conservation, belonging to an ancient church dated back to the Middle Age. The present manuscript reports the monitoring of environmental conditions (i.e., temperature and humidity) in a full year as…

Health Toxicology and Mutagenesismedia_common.quotation_subjectNatural (archaeology)Cave paintingCave paintingState (polity)CaveCliffEnvironmental ChemistrySulfates and chloridesmedia_commongeographyPaintinggeography.geographical_feature_categoryBacteriaMicrobiotaTemperatureConservation PlanPlan (archaeology)HumidityEnvironmental monitoringGeneral MedicinePollutionArchaeologyhumanitiesConservation planPaintingsBacterial community
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Perlecan Maintains the Integrity of Cartilage and Some Basement Membranes

1999

Perlecan is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan that is expressed in all basement membranes (BMs), in cartilage, and several other mesenchymal tissues during development. Perlecan binds growth factors and interacts with various extracellular matrix proteins and cell adhesion molecules. Homozygous mice with a null mutation in the perlecan gene exhibit normal formation of BMs. However, BMs deteriorate in regions with increased mechanical stress such as the contracting myocardium and the expanding brain vesicles showing that perlecan is crucial for maintaining BM integrity. As a consequence, small clefts are formed in the cardiac muscle leading to blood leakage into the pericardial cavity and an ar…

Heart Defects Congenitalcardiac muscleMesenchymeSchwartz–Jampel syndromeRestriction MappingPerlecanBasement MembraneExtracellular matrixMiceMice CongenicchondrodysplasiaCalcification PhysiologicexencephalyLamininmedicineAnimalsNeural Tube DefectsCells CulturedBasement membranebiologyCartilageOssification HeterotopicHomozygoteCell Biologymedicine.diseaseMice Mutant StrainsBasement membrane assemblyCell biologyperlecanMutagenesis Insertionalmedicine.anatomical_structureCartilageBiochemistryGene Targetingbiology.proteinOriginal ArticleGenes LethalProteoglycansCollagenHeparitin SulfateExostoses Multiple HereditaryHeparan Sulfate ProteoglycansThe Journal of Cell Biology
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Digestive vacuole of Plasmodium falciparum released during erythrocyte rupture dually activates complement and coagulation.

2012

Abstract Severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria evolves through the interplay among capillary sequestration of parasitized erythrocytes, deregulated inflammatory responses, and hemostasis dysfunction. After rupture, each parasitized erythrocyte releases not only infective merozoites, but also the digestive vacuole (DV), a membrane-bounded organelle containing the malaria pigment hemozoin. In the present study, we report that the intact organelle, but not isolated hemozoin, dually activates the alternative complement and the intrinsic clotting pathway. Procoagulant activity is destroyed by phospholipase C treatment, indicating a critical role of phospholipid head groups exposed at the DV surfa…

HemeproteinsMalePain ThresholdErythrocytesImmunologyComplement Pathway AlternativePlasmodium falciparumVacuoleBiochemistryHemolysisMonocytesMicrobiologyHypesthesiaRats Sprague-DawleyPhagocytosisparasitic diseasesAnimalsHumansMalaria FalciparumBlood CoagulationLungbiologyPhospholipase CHemozoinDextran SulfatePlasmodium falciparumCell BiologyHematologyIntracellular Membranesbiology.organism_classificationComplement systemRatsAntibody opsonizationImmunologyVacuolesAlternative complement pathwaySpleenWaste disposalBlood
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Proteoglycan synthesis by cultured human chondrocytes.

1994

Iliac crest biopsies are important in the detection of human skeletal dysplasias. Therefore, culture of these cells may serve as a valuable method for studying proteoglycan metabolism in chondrocytes of individuals with skeletal abnormalities. Morphological and biochemical studies were performed on human iliac crest chondrocytes grown in monolayer and in agarose gels. Two proteoglycan populations of different hydrodynamic size and glycosaminoglycan composition were synthesized by cells grown in monolayer. Chondrocytes cultured in an agarose gel for 2 weeks synthesized proteoglycans identical to those of the native tissue with respect to hydrodynamic size and glycosaminoglycan chain length. …

HistologyAscorbic AcidChondrocyteGlycosaminoglycanIliumchemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineHumansInstrumentationCells CulturedGlycosaminoglycansbiologyChemistryCartilageSepharoseChondroitin SulfatesInfant NewbornCell DifferentiationAscorbic acidCell biologycarbohydrates (lipids)Medical Laboratory Technologymedicine.anatomical_structureCartilageBiochemistryProteoglycanChondroitin Sulfate ProteoglycansCell culturebiology.proteinUltrastructureChromatography GelAgaroseAnatomyMicroscopy research and technique
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[(1,4,8,11-Tetraazacyclotetradeca-1,4,8,11-tetrayl)tetraacetamide-kappa6N1,N4,N8,N11,O1,O8]copper(II) sulfate 4.5-hydrate.

2002

The crystal structure of the title copper(II) complex, [Cu(C(18)H(36)N(8)O(4))]SO(4).4.5H(2)O, formed with the tetraamide cyclam derivative 2-(4,8,11-triscarbamoylmethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradec-1-yl)acetamide (TETAM), is described. The macrocycle lies on an inversion centre occupied by the hexacoordinated Cu atom. The four macrocyclic tertiary amines form the equatorial plane of an axially Jahn-Teller elongated octahedron. Two O atoms belonging to two diagonally opposite amide groups occupy the apical positions, giving rise to a trans-III stereochemistry, while both the remaining pendant side arms extend outwards from the macrocyclic cavity and are engaged in hydrogen bonds with sulf…

Hydrogen bondStereochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineCrystal structureCopperGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCopper(II) sulfatechemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryAmideCyclammedicineElongated octahedronHydratemedicine.drugActa crystallographica. Section C, Crystal structure communications
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Candida albicans mycelial wall structure: supramolecular complexes released by zymolyase, chitinase and beta-mercaptoethanol.

1991

Different techniques released from the wall of Candida albicans mycelial cells high molecular weight mannoprotein materials with different levels of complexity. SDS solubilized among others one protein of 180 kDa which reacted with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific of a O-glycosylated protein secreted by regenerating mycelial protoplasts [Elorza et al. (1989) Biochem Biophys Res Commun 162:1118-1125]. Zymolyase, chitinase and beta-mercaptoethanol, released different types of high molecular highly polydisperse mannoprotein materials (greater than 180 kDa) that also reacted with the same MAb. These materials had N-glycosidically linked sugar chains, in addition to the O-glycosidically bond…

HydrolasesBlotting WesternMannoseGerm tubeChitinBiologyBiochemistryMicrobiologyCell wallchemistry.chemical_compoundChitinCell WallCandida albicansGeneticsSodium dodecyl sulfateCandida albicansMolecular BiologyPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresisMembrane GlycoproteinsHydrolysisChitinasesSodium Dodecyl SulfateGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationcarbohydrates (lipids)Microscopy ElectronHexosaminidasesMannosyl-Glycoprotein Endo-beta-N-AcetylglucosaminidasechemistryBiochemistrySolubilityChitinasebiology.proteinChromatography GelElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelArchives of microbiology
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A geochemical survey of the telese hypothermal spring, southern Italy: Sulfate anomalies induced by crustal deformation

2002

This study deals with a chemical survey (major ions and Li+, F–, Br–, and ) on water samples collected from April 1998 to April 1999, from the Telese thermal spring, southern Italy, in order to investigate possible variations in the chemical composition of the spring. Water samples are of the calcium bicarbonate type, with small fluctuations in outlet temperature (20.05 ± 0.23°C), pH (6.23 ± 0.16), and TDS (2415 ± 35 mg/l). The concentrations of major ions stayed nearly constant, except for . All analyzed waters are saturated or oversaturated relative to calcite and dolomite. The higher saturation indices of the water samples relative to calcite and dolomite observed during the summer of 19…

HydrologyCalcitegeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryDolomiteGeochemistryAquiferchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCalcium bicarbonateSpring (hydrology)General Earth and Planetary SciencesSulfateSaturation (chemistry)Chemical compositionGeologyGeneral Environmental Science
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Atmospheric pollution in Venice, Italy, as indicated by isotopic analyses

1978

Rainwater samples collected in Venice over a period of about 1 yr were studied along with stone samples collected from buildings and monuments. Isotopic measurements of O, S, and C were carried out on rainwater, rainwater dissolved sulfate, carbonate in stone, and sulfate present in altered limestone, with the purpose of proving that atmospheric pollution is mainly responsible for the deterioration of monuments and buildings. The results obtained lead to the conclusion that, in spite of the geographic position of the city, atmospheric sulfate in Venice is basically tied to the emission of anthropogenic SO2 and that only minor contribution can be expected from seawater spray and aerosols. Th…

HydrologyEnvironmental EngineeringEcological ModelingAtmospheric pollutionPollutionRainwater harvestingchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryEnvironmental chemistryAtmospheric pollutantsPeriod (geology)Environmental ChemistryEnvironmental scienceCarbonateSeawaterSulfateWater Science and TechnologyWater, Air, and Soil Pollution
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Fumarolic alteration products at Sousaki (Greece) : occurrence and environmental impact

2009

Fumarolic alteration crusts and efflorescences have been sampled at the Sousaki solfataric field. Samples have been analysed for mineralogical (XRD) and chemical composition (HNO3 digestion and leaching with distilled water). Results show that mineralogical and chemical compositions (major, minor and trace metals) are controlled by microenvironmental conditions. The sample collected in the anoxic part of a cave is composed almost exclusively by native sulfur. The samples collected in the oxidizing part of the cave and outside in relatively sheltered position are mainly composed by very soluble sulfates. Chemical composition evidence strong enrichments in Al, Ca, Cr, Fe, Mg and Ni which are …

Hydrothermal alteration productelementstoxic metalsulfateSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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