Search results for "FATTY ACID"
showing 10 items of 1141 documents
High Plasma Concentration of Non-Esterified Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Is a Specific Feature of Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
2020
Background: The pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 is frequently associated with an uncontrolled inflammatory response. Severe forms of COVID-19 appear to be more frequent in obese patients, but an association with metabolic disorders is not established. Here, we focused on lipoprotein metabolism in patients hospitalized for severe pneumonia, depending on COVID-19 status. Methods: Thirty-four non-COVID-19 and 27 COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia were enrolled. Most of them required intensive care. Plasma lipid levels, lipoprotein metabolism, and clinical and biological features were assessed. Findings: Despite similar initial metabolic comorbidities and respiratory severity, COVID-19 pat…
Pyrolysis of Tall Oil-Derived Fatty and Resin Acid Mixtures
2012
Neutralised mixtures of tall oil-derived fatty acids and resin acids were separately pyrolysed (at 750∘C for 20 s) by pyrolysis gas chromatography with mass-selective and flame ionisation detection (Py-GC/MSD/FID) to clarify their thermochemical behaviour. The pyrolysate of fatty acid salts characteristically contained high amounts of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons and minor amounts of monoaromatics, whereas the pyrolysis of resin acid salts mainly resulted in the formation of aromatics with up to three benzene rings and only in very low amounts of aliphatic hydrocarbons. The data obtained are useful when considering the suitability of various tall oil products containing fatty and resi…
Characterization of Biodiesel from Vegetable Oil Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography
2012
Biodiesel from vegetable oils has been analyzed and its suitability for internal combustion engines has been assessed. The Standard biofuel’s characteristics have been investigated. Gas chromatography (GC) tests were carried out to characterize the fatty acid behavior. It was found that the mass percentage of saturated fatty acids did not change substantially with time, while unsaturated fatty acids increased with time for both B100 and B30. An increase in density for B100 and B30 with time was noted. Biodiesel density was within the standardization. The calorific values of biodiesel and its blend increased with time. Higher heating value for B100 increased from 41 to 43 MJ/kg while B30 inc…
Therapeutic use of omega-3 fatty acids in bipolar disorder
2011
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, chronic affective disorder, associated with significant disability, morbidity and premature mortality. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play several important roles in brain development and functioning. Evidence from animal models of dietary omega-3 (n-3) PUFA deficiency suggest that these fatty acids are relevant to promote brain development and to regulate behavioral and neurochemical aspects related to mood disorders, such as stress responses, depression and aggression, as well as dopaminergic content and function. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggests roles for PUFAs in BD. n-3 PUFAs seem to be an effective adjunctive treatment for unip…
Different metabolic behavior of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human platelets.
1988
Abstract Whereas numerous studies deal with the effects and metabolism of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5( n −3)) in platelets, very few concern docosahexaenoic acid (22:6( n −3)), although both acids are consumed in equal amounts from most fish fat. The present paper reports the modulation of 22:6( n −3) oxygenation as well as that of endogenous arachidonic acid (20:4( n −6)) in 22:6( n −3)-rich platelets. Like the oxygenation of 20:5( n −3), the lipoxygenation of 22:6( n −3) occurred at a low level when incubated alone, but was markedly increased in the presence of 20:4( n −6), suggesting a similar peroxide tone dependency. 20:5( n −3) could not replace 20:4( n −6) in the increasing 22:6( n −…
Effects of foal presence at milking and dietary extra virgin olive oil on jennet milk fatty acids profile
2009
TwelveRagusanajennetswerestudiedtoinvestigatetheeffectsof dietaryextra Twelve Ragusana jennets were studiedtoinvestigatetheeffectsof dietaryextra studied to investigatetheeffectsof dietaryextra the effects of dietaryextra dietary extra virgin olive oil and thepresenceofthefoal duringmilkingonmilkfattyacids(FA)profile.At20, 50 thepresenceofthefoal duringmilkingonmilkfattyacids(FA)profile.At20, 50 he presence of the foal during milking on milk fatty acids (FA) profile. At 20, 50 and 90 days post-foaling, each jennet was milked 4 times per day. The feeding system and the milking procedures are given by Alabiso et al. (2009). FA profiles of the composites from milkings without foals (1MNF+3MNF)…
Hypertriglyceridemia and Omega-3 Fatty Acids
1988
Recent studies by Bang and Dyerberg (1) have stimulated interest in the metabolism of omega-3 fatty acids and have suggested a link between the ingestion of these fatty acids in a diet and the low death rate from athersclerotic disease in Eskimos. In Japan, where fish consumption has traditionally been high, a concommitant shift in tissue lipid consumption favouring omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been interpreted as causative of a relatively low incidence of cardiovascular disease (1). When analyzing Eskimo food consumption, it became clear that the consumption of omega-3 PUFA is much higher besides a 50% reduction of saturated fat and a relatively high content of monounsaturated f…
Tocopherol, fatty acid and phytosterol content in seeds of nine wild taxa of Sicilian Brassica (Cruciferae)
2010
The purpose of this study was to determine tocopherol (Toc), fatty acid and phytosterol content in dry seeds of nine wild taxa of Sicilian Brassica sect. Brassica. Analyses were performed by gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectroscopy (MS). The biochemical analysis of dry seeds showed that in the nine taxa examined, α - and γ -Toc were the major isomers, δ - Toc was present in traces and β -Toc was never found. All taxa had a similar fatty acid composition with C 16:0 (357.2 mg kg − 1 DW), C 18:1 (393.94 mg kg − 1 DW) and C 22:1 (618.29 mg kg − 1 DW) acids present in higher amount. Unsaturated fatty acids (52.5–66.5%) were more abundant than saturated (33.5–47.5%) ones relative to the total f…
Intramuscular fatty acid composition of lambs given a tanniniferous diet with or without polyethylene glycol supplementation.
2007
The aim of this trial was to investigate the effects that dietary tannins have on lamb intramuscular fatty acids. Twenty-seven lambs were divided into three homogeneous groups: control group, receiving commercial concentrate based on maize; tannin group, fed a diet based on carob pulp (45% as fed basis); PEG group, receiving the same diet as the latter with addition of 42g/kg of polyethylene glycol (PEG, a binding agent that eliminates the effects of condensed tannins). The duration of the trial was 45 d. Intramuscular fatty acids were measured in the longissimus dorsi muscle. The isomer cis-9 trans-11 of linoleic acid (conjugated linoleic acid or CLA) and linolenic acid were higher in the …