Search results for "FFR"

showing 10 items of 1798 documents

Passive properties of lean duplex stainless steels after long-term ageing in air studied using EBSD, AES, XPS and local electrochemical impedance spe…

2013

Abstract Passivity of duplex stainless steel was studied after long-term ageing in air using local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, AES, XPS and EBSD. After mechanical polishing, the passive film was homogeneous and had a capacitive behaviour described by the CPE. After long-term ageing, a small thickening was detected and O2−/OH− was significantly higher in the austenite than in the ferrite. Austenite behaved as a blocking electrode whereas two capacitive loops were observed in the ferrite (low value of O2−/OH). The loop at high frequencies was related with the oxygen reduction and the loop at low frequencies was connected with the passive film.

AusteniteMaterials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringCapacitive sensingMetallurgyGeneral ChemistryDielectric spectroscopyCorrosionX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyFerrite (iron)ElectrodeGeneral Materials ScienceComposite materialElectron backscatter diffractionCorrosion Science
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Influence of friction on the local mechanical and electrochemical behaviour of duplex stainless steels.

2006

International audience; The electrochemical behaviour of ferritic and austenitic phases in duplex stainless steel (UNS S32304) and the modifications induced by straining during sliding were studied by potentiodynamic polarisation curves determined at the microscale in a 1MNaCl (pH 3) solution, using an electrochemical microcell. The mechanical properties and stress state of each phase were determined by microhardness and X-ray microdiffraction measurements, before and after straining. The results show that sliding generates elastic straining of the ferrite and plastic deformation of the austenite. The electrochemical behaviour of these phases is dramatically altered, inducing a reduction of…

AusteniteMaterials sciencePassivationFrictionMetallurgyMicrodiffractionSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsElectrochemistryStressIndentation hardnessSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCorrosion[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]Local electrochemistryMechanics of MaterialsDuplex (building)MicrohardnessFerrite (iron)Duplex steelsMaterials Chemistry[ SPI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]Microscale chemistry
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Optical security and encryption with totally incoherent light

2001

We present a method for securing and encrypting information optically by use of totally incoherent illumination. Encryption is performed with a multichannel optical processor working under natural (both temporal and spatially incoherent) light. In this way, the information that is to be secured can be codified by use of color signals and self-luminous displays. The encryption key is a phase-only mask, providing high security from counterfeiting. Output encrypted information is recorded as an intensity image that can be easily stored and transmitted optically or electrically. Decryption or authentication can also be performed optically or digitally. Experimental results are presented.

AuthenticationHigh securitybusiness.industryComputer scienceMultispectral imageComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONOptical securityEncryptionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOptical encryptionDiffractive lensOpticsComputer Science::MultimediabusinessOptical processorComputer Science::DatabasesComputer Science::Cryptography and SecurityOptics Letters
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MZ-35, a new layered pentasil borosilicate synthesized in the presence of large alkali cations

2013

Abstract A new layered borosilicate has been synthesized in the presence of cesium and sodium cations and its structure has been solved by a combination of automated diffraction tomography (ADT) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). MZ-35 has a composition NaCs 2 [BSi 7 O 16 (OH) 2 ](OH) 2 ·4H 2 O and features space group P-4m2. The unusually small unit cell ( a 7.3081 A, c 10.7520 A) is shared by two random-stacked configurations of the structure: a network of connected pentasil units related to the layer of RUB-18 and a bidimensional checkerboard of intersecting ladders of 4-membered rings. The two configurations are related by the simple face-sharing inversion of a hydroxyl-bearing tetrah…

Automated electron diffraction tomography; Rietveld structure refinement; Layered borosilicate; 4-MR ladders; Face-sharing terahedraMaterials science4-MR laddersSodiumchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesDiffraction tomographyFace-sharing terahedraGroup (periodic table)General Materials ScienceRietveld structure refinementLayered borosilicateBorosilicate glassAutomated electron diffraction tomographyGeneral Chemistry4-MR ladders; Automated electron diffraction tomography; Face-sharing terahedra; Layered borosilicate; Rietveld structure refinement[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAlkali metal4-MR ladders; Automated electron diffraction tomography; Face-sharing terahedra; Layered borosilicate; Rietveld structure refinement;0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistryMechanics of MaterialsCaesiumTetrahedron0210 nano-technologyPowder diffraction
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4-hydroxy-ONN-azoxybenzene

2000

The oxidation of 4-hydroxy­azo­benzene provided a mixture of two azoxy compounds, which were separated by column chromatography. The isomer with the higher melting point appeared to belong to the α (ONN) series, as determined by X-ray diffraction. The mol­ecule, C12H10N2O2, is almost planar. The benzene rings are twisted by 11.7 (2) (substituted) and 4.1 (1)° (unsubstituted) with respect to the ONN plane. The mol­ecules are connected to one another by strong O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming chains extended along [001], which are bound by much weaker C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming layers in the bc plane.

AzoxyDiffractionPlane (geometry)Hydrogen bondStereochemistryGeneral MedicineCrystal structureGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyColumn chromatographychemistryMelting pointBenzeneActa crystallographica. Section C, Crystal structure communications
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Orthorhombic polymorphs of twotrans-4-aminoazoxybenzenes

2002

The two isomeric compounds 4-amino-ONN-azoxybenzene [or 1-(4-aminophenyl)-2-phenyldiazene 2-oxide], i.e. the alpha isomer, and 4-amino-NNO-azoxybenzene [or 2-(4-aminophenyl)-1-phenyldiazene 2-oxide], i.e. the beta isomer, both C(12)H(11)N(3)O, crystallized from a polar solvent in orthorhombic space groups, and their crystal and molecular structures have been determined using X-ray diffraction. There are no significant differences in the bond lengths and valence angles in the two isomers, in comparison with their monoclinic polymorphs. However, the conformations of the molecules are different due to rotation along the Ar-N bonds. In the alpha isomer, the benzene rings are twisted by 31.5 (2)…

AzoxyValence (chemistry)X ray diffractionHydrogen bondStereochemistryCrystal structureChemical bondsGeneral MedicineCrystal structureGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyConformationsIsomersBond lengthCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryQuantum theoryMoleculeOrthorhombic crystal systemMolecular structureMonoclinic crystal systemActa Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications
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Bile acid–cysteamine conjugates: Structural properties, gelation, and toxicity evaluation

2011

Abstract Design, synthesis, and characterization of six novel bile acid–cysteamine conjugates together with investigation of their structural studies, gelation properties, and preliminary toxicity evaluation, are reported. Solid state properties of selected compounds were studied by means of X-ray diffraction and 13C CPMAS NMR spectroscopy. N-(2-thioethyl)-3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-amide was shown to exhibit (pseudo)polymorphism, and a single crystal structure of its non-stoichiometric hydrate is reported herein. Cholyl and dehydrocholyl derivatives bearing three functionalities in their steroidal backbone were shown to undergo self-assembly leading to gelation in certain organic so…

BALB 3T3 CellsMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopymedicine.drug_classCysteamineClinical BiochemistryCholic AcidBiochemistryBile Acids and SaltsInhibitory Concentration 50Micechemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyX-Ray DiffractionmedicineAnimalsOrganic chemistryta116Molecular BiologyPharmacologyBile acidUrsodeoxycholic AcidOrganic ChemistryHydrogen BondingNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyFibroblastsAmidesCombinatorial chemistrychemistrySolid-state nuclear magnetic resonancePolymorphism (materials science)SolventsLithocholic AcidCysteamineHydrateSingle crystalDeoxycholic AcidConjugateSteroids
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L'orientation à l'issue du BEP

1996

International audience; Afin de mieux cerner les processus en jeu dans la poursuite d'études à l'issue du BEP, une étude a été réalisée sur un échantillon de 961 élèves scolarisés dans une académie de province, dont les résultats peuvent être rapprochés de ceux d'une recherche semblable menée en 1990, pour examiner notamment si l'impact de l'offre de formation sur le processus d'orientation s'est modifié. Guidance course after BEP (Brevet d'Etudes Professionnelles). In order to define the process at stake in the pursuit of post-BEP studies, a survey was carried out on 961 pupils in an education establishment outside Paris, the results of which can be compared with those of a similar survey …

BEPEnseignement technique et professionnelEffetProcessus d'orientationOffre de formationOrientation scolaire[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationEnseignement secondaire
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4,4-Di-fluoro-2,3;5,6-bis-(tetra-methylene)-4-bora-3a,4a-di-aza-s-indacene (LD540).

2014

The title compound, C18H21BF2N2, is a lipophilic dye based on a BODIPY fluorophore backbone, which was developed for microscopic imaging of lipid droplets; the molecule has a planar BODIPY core [dihedral angle between the pyrrole rings = 2.3 (3)°] and two tetramethylene substituents at the 2,3- and 5,6-positions in a half-chair conformation. One of the tetramethylene substituents is disordered over two two sets of sites with site occupancies of 0.5. In the crystal, pairs of C—H...F interactions link the molecules into inversion dimers. Neighbouring dimers are linked by further C—H...F interactions, forming an infinite array. C—H...π and π–π [centroid–centroid distance = 4.360 (3) Å] interac…

BODIBYDimerDihedral angleBioinformaticsOrganic PapersCrystallcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundBODIPYlipophilic dyesingle-crystal X-ray studyGeneral Materials Scienceta116Pyrrolelipofiilinen väriaineyksikideröntgendiffraktiotutkimusbiologyGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physicsbiology.organism_classificationLD540Crystallographychemistrylcsh:QD1-999Microscopic imagingTetraBODIPYActa crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online
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X-Ray crystallographic and computational study on uranyl-salophen complexes bearing nitro groups.

2017

In the solid state, salophen–UO2 complexes bearing one, two, or three NO2 groups lack the pronounced ligand curvature that represents a structural hallmark for this class of compounds. A detailed structural study based on single-crystal X-ray crystallography and computational methods, comprising molecular dynamics, gas-phase Hartree Fock, and DFT calculations, was carried out to investigate the coordination properties of the uranyl cation.

Bearing (mechanical)010405 organic chemistryLigandnitrogen dioxide groupsX-rayHartree–Fock methodMolecular Dynamics; X-ray diffraction; Uranyl complexesMolecular Dynamics010402 general chemistryUranyl01 natural sciencesX-ray diffraction0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionInorganic ChemistryMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyUranyl salophenchemistrylawUranyl complexesNitrouranyl-salophen complexesta116Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
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