Search results for "FFR"

showing 10 items of 1798 documents

Growth and characterization of self-assembled Cd1−xMgxO (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) nanoparticles on r-sapphire substrates

2014

In this work, the growth of isolated Cd1−xMgxO nanoparticles on r-sapphire substrates is extended to the entire range of Mg content (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) using the spray pyrolysis method. The sizes of the Cd1−xMgxO nanoparticles were in the ranges 4–6 nm and 15–30 nm (with a nanoparticle density of 1010 cm−2). The composition of the nanoparticles was determined using transmission electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray analysis (TEM-EDAX), while the compound formation was confirmed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A systematic decrease in the a lattice parameter of Cd1−xMgxO on increasing the Mg content substantiated the successful incorporation of Mg2+ ions into the cubic CdO lattice. Sin…

DiffractionLattice constantMaterials scienceX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyTransmission electron microscopySapphireAnalytical chemistryNanoparticleGeneral Materials ScienceGeneral ChemistrySelected area diffractionCondensed Matter PhysicsIonCrystEngComm
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High-pressure structural and lattice dynamical study ofHgWO4

2010

We have synthesized monoclinic mercury tungstate $({\text{HgWO}}_{4})$ and characterized its structural and vibrational properties at room conditions. Additionally, we report the structural and lattice dynamical behavior of ${\text{HgWO}}_{4}$ under high pressure studied by means of x-ray diffraction and Raman-scattering measurements up to 16 GPa and 25 GPa, respectively. The pressure dependence of the structural parameters and Raman-active first-order phonons of monoclinic $C2/c$ ${\text{HgWO}}_{4}$ are discussed in the light of our theoretical first-principles total-energy and lattice dynamics calculations. Our measurements show that the monoclinic phase of ${\text{HgWO}}_{4}$ is stable u…

DiffractionLattice dynamicsMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsPhononCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundTungstatechemistryHigh pressureLattice (order)Maximum pressureMonoclinic crystal systemPhysical Review B
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Optically Forged Diffraction-Unlimited Ripples in Graphene

2018

In nanofabrication, just as in any other craft, the scale of spatial details is limited by the dimensions of the tool at hand. For example, the smallest details for direct laser writing with far-field light are set by the diffraction limit, which is approximately half of the used wavelength. In this work, we overcome this universal assertion by optically forging graphene ripples that show features with dimensions unlimited by diffraction. Thin sheet elasticity simulations suggest that the scaled-down ripples originate from the interplay between substrate adhesion, in-plane strain, and circular symmetry. The optical forging technique thus offers an accurate way to modify and shape two-dimens…

DiffractionLetterMaterials scienceta221FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::Opticsnanotekniikka02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesForginglaw.inventionResonatornanorakenteetlawMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesgrafeeniGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsta116PlasmonCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114business.industryGraphenegraphene021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaseroptical forgingWavelengthNanolithographyOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessJournal of Physical Chemistry Letters
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Generation of Bessel beam arrays through Dammann gratings.

2012

In this work we apply the Dammann grating concept to generate an equal-intensity square array of Bessel quasi-free diffraction beams that diverge from a common center. We generate a binary phase mask that combines the axicon phase with the phase of a Dammann grating. The procedure can be extended to include vortex spiral phases that generate an array of optical pipes. Experimental results are provided by means of a twisted nematic liquid crystal display operating as a binary π phase spatial light modulator.

DiffractionLightOptical PhenomenaPhase (waves)Physics::OpticsGratingAxiconOpticsScattering RadiationComputer SimulationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringEngineering (miscellaneous)Diffraction gratingPhysicsSpatial light modulatorbusiness.industryLasersOptical DevicesEquipment DesignModels TheoreticalAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLiquid CrystalsRefractometryBessel beamComputer-Aided DesignbusinessPhase modulationAlgorithmsApplied optics
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Nondiffracting Bessel plasmons.

2011

We report on the existence of nondiffracting Bessel surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), advancing at either superluminal or subluminal phase velocities. These wave fields feature deep subwavelength FWHM, but are supported by high-order homogeneous SPPs of a metal/dielectric (MD) superlattice. The beam axis can be relocated to any MD interface, by interfering multiple converging SPPs with controlled phase matching. Dissipative effects in metals lead to a diffraction-free regime that is limited by the energy attenuation length. However, the ultra-localization of the diffracted wave field might still be maintained by more than one order of magnitude. This research was funded by the Spanish Mini…

DiffractionLightPhase (waves)Physics::OpticsSurface plasmons01 natural sciences010309 opticssymbols.namesakeOptics0103 physical sciencesScattering RadiationComputer Simulation010306 general physicsPropagationPlasmonÓpticaPhysicsbusiness.industrySurface plasmonEquipment DesignSurface Plasmon ResonanceSurface plasmon polaritonAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsRefractometrySurface wavesymbolsPhase velocitybusinessBessel functionOptics express
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The Instability of the NbTe2 Surface Structure

2002

Low energy electron diffraction from clean NbTe 2 surfaces shows very diffuse reflections. The effect is attributed to an anisotropic heating of the irradiated Te-Nb-Te surface layer. Diffraction patterns for electron energies below 90 eV correspond to an overlapped contribution from numerous domains, belonging to three orientational variants. Electrons of higher energies stabilize the parent high-temperature CdI 2 structure. A similar effect is observed during scanning tunneling microscopy, where the expected surface corrugation is usually lost for tunneling currents of a few ten nA.

DiffractionLow-energy electron diffractionChemistryElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsInstabilityElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionlawSurface layerScanning tunneling microscopeAtomic physicsAnisotropyQuantum tunnellingphysica status solidi (a)
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The Crystal Structure of Nickel(II)-Azurin

1995

The nickel(II)-azurin metalloderivative has been crystallized and its structure solved at 0.205-nm resolution by X-ray diffraction. The overall structure is not modified by the metal exchange and the only differences with regard to the native copper(II)-azurin occur in the metal site region. These variations affect principally the axial ligands. Nickel co-ordinates more strongly to the carbonyl oxygen of Gly45 while its distance to the Met121 S4 enlarges up to 0.330 nm. The resulting metal center structure is intermediate between those of the Cu(II) and Zn(II) azurins, and can be described as distorted tetrahedral. However, the existence of contact interaction between Met121 and the nickel …

DiffractionMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMolecular Structurechemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structureCrystallography X-RayOxygenBiochemistryMetalCrystallographyParamagnetismNickelchemistryAzurinNickelvisual_artX-ray crystallographyvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAzurinEuropean Journal of Biochemistry
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{[Cu(H2O)3][Cu(phmal)2]}n: a new two-dimensional copper(ii) complex with intralayer ferromagnetic interactions (phmal = phenylmalonate dianion)

2003

The novel sheet-like copper(II) compound of formula {[Cu(H2O)3][Cu(Phmal)2]}n (1) (Phmal = dianion of phenylmalonic acid) has been synthesized and its crystal structure determined by X-ray diffraction. The structure of 1 consists of 21 chains of carboxylate(phenylmalonate)-bridged copper(II) ions which are linked through double μ-oxo(carboxylate) units to afford a two-dimensional network. The interlayer space is filled by the phenyl rings of the phenylmalonate ligands that exhibit offset face-to-face interactions. Variable-temperature magnetic measurements of 1 show the occurrence of significant intralayer ferromagnetic interactions between the copper(II) ions through anti–syn carboxylate- …

DiffractionMagnetic measurementsInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCrystal structureCopperCatalysisIonchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryFerromagnetismPhenylmalonic acidMaterials ChemistryCarboxylateNew J. Chem.
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Structural and magnetic properties of Fe2CoGa Heusler nanoparticles

2012

Abstract Fe2CoGa Heusler nanoparticles are synthesized by a chemical method. The structure and magnetic properties of Fe2CoGa Heusler nanoparticles are investigated by x-ray diffraction, extended x-ray absorption fine structure and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The crystal structure of Fe2CoGa nanoparticles is described by the X-type structure (prototype: Li2AgSb). Magnetic measurements reveal the presence of small Fe2CoGa nanoparticles and lower magnetic moments compared with the theoretically predicted values.

DiffractionMagnetic measurementsMaterials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsMagnetic momentCondensed matter physicsNanoparticleCrystal structureCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyMössbauer spectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
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Thermal, spectroscopic and crystallographic analysis of mannose-derived linear polyols

2018

The major diastereomer formed in the Barbier-type metal-mediated allylation of D-mannose has previously been shown to adopt a perfectly linear conformation, both in solid state and in solution, resulting in the formation of hydrogen-bonded networks and subsequent aggregation from aqueous solution upon stirring. Here, a comprehensive study of the solid state structure of both the allylated D-mannose and its racemic form has been conducted. The binary melting point diagram of the system was determined by differential scanning calorimetry analysis, and the obtained results, along with structure determination by single crystal X-ray diffraction, confirmed that allylated mannose forms a true rac…

DiffractionMaterials science010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesDifferential scanning calorimetryNMR spectroscopycrystalsGeneral Materials SciencekalorimetriaNMR-spektroskopiata116x-ray crystallographyAqueous solution010405 organic chemistryDiastereomerGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physicskiteet0104 chemical sciencessokerialkoholitCrystallographysugar alcoholsPolymorphism (materials science)Melting pointEnantiomerSingle crystalcalorimetryröntgenkristallografia
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