Search results for "FLATNESS"

showing 10 items of 23 documents

The Joining of LiNbO3, Quartz, TlBr-TlI and Other Optical Materials by the Use of Thin Metal Films as Bonding Agents

2000

A method of joining ferroelectric, optical and other non-metallic materials, such as lithium niobate, quartz, TlBr-TlI, glass, etc., at room temperature under a pressure of 0.1÷0.5 MPa is described. The surfaces to be joined are prepared to optical flatness, and indium or lead coatings as bonding agents are used. To obtain clean surfaces, procedures of the coating deposition and sample joining are performed in situ in a vacuum of l0-4 Pa. The strength of the obtained joints is about 20MPa for indium coatings and about 30MPa for lead coatings. It is supposed that attractive surface forces play a decisive role in the contact formation and bonding of the wafers. The method has been applied for…

Materials scienceFlatness (systems theory)MetallurgyLithium niobateSurface forcechemistry.chemical_elementFerroelectricityCoating depositionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryWaferComposite materialQuartzIndium
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Local Gauge Conditions for Ellipticity in Conformal Geometry

2013

In this article we introduce local gauge conditions under which many curvature tensors appearing in conformal geometry, such as the Weyl, Cotton, Bach, and Fefferman-Graham obstruction tensors, become elliptic operators. The gauge conditions amount to fixing an $n$-harmonic coordinate system and normalizing the determinant of the metric. We also give corresponding elliptic regularity results and characterizations of local conformal flatness in low regularity settings.

Mathematics - Differential Geometry53A30 (Primary) 53B20 35J60 (Secondary)General MathematicsCoordinate systemConformal mapCurvatureconformal geometry01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEs0103 physical sciencesFOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsFlatness (mathematics)Mathematics010308 nuclear & particles physicsta111010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisgauge conditionsGauge (firearms)Elliptic operatorDifferential Geometry (math.DG)symbolsWeyl transformationMathematics::Differential GeometryConformal geometryAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)curvature tensors
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The Calderón problem with partial data on manifolds and applications

2013

We consider Calderon's inverse problem with partial data in dimensions $n \geq 3$. If the inaccessible part of the boundary satisfies a (conformal) flatness condition in one direction, we show that this problem reduces to the invertibility of a broken geodesic ray transform. In Euclidean space, sets satisfying the flatness condition include parts of cylindrical sets, conical sets, and surfaces of revolution. We prove local uniqueness in the Calderon problem with partial data in admissible geometries, and global uniqueness under an additional concavity assumption. This work unifies two earlier approaches to this problem (\cite{KSU} and \cite{I}) and extends both. The proofs are based on impr…

Mathematics - Differential GeometryPure mathematicsGeodesiccalderón problem35J10Boundary (topology)Conformal mappartial data58J32Integral geometryMathematics - Analysis of PDEsFOS: MathematicsUniquenessMathematicsFlatness (mathematics)Numerical AnalysisCalderón problemEuclidean spaceApplied Mathematicsta11135R30Differential Geometry (math.DG)inverse problemSurface of revolutionAnalysisAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)Analysis & PDE
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Closure relations during the plateau emission of Swift GRBs and the fundamental plane

2021

The Neil Gehrels Swift observatory observe Gamma-Ray bursts (GRBs) plateaus in X-rays. We test the reliability of the closure relations through the fireball model when dealing with the GRB plateau emission. We analyze 455 X-ray lightcurves (LCs) collected by \emph{Swift} from 2005 (January) until 2019 (August) for which the redshift is both known and unknown using the phenomenological Willingale 2007 model. Using these fits, we analyze the emission mechanisms and astrophysical environments of these GRBs through the closure relations within the time interval of the plateau emission. Finally, we test the 3D fundamental plane relation (Dainotti relation) which connects the prompt peak luminosi…

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCosmic distance ladderFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics) gamma-ray burst: general [(stars]Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsPlateau (mathematics)non-thermal [radiation mechanisms]01 natural sciencesRedshiftLuminositySpace and Planetary ScienceObservatory0103 physical sciencesISM [X-rays]Flatness (cosmology)Gamma-ray burstFundamental plane (elliptical galaxies)Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena010303 astronomy & astrophysics
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Super Heavy Dark Matter Anisotropies from D-particles in the Early Universe

2004

We discuss a way of producing anisotropies in the spectrum of superheavy Dark matter, which are due to the distortion of the inflationary space time induced by the recoil of D-particles upon their scattering with ordinary string matter in the Early Universe. We calculate such distortions by world-sheet Liouville string theory (perturbative) methods. The resulting anisotropies are found to be proportional to the average recoil velocity and density of the D-particles. In our analysis we employ a regulated version of de Sitter space, allowing for graceful exit from inflation. This guarantees the asymptotic flatness of the space time, as required for a consistent interpretation, within an effec…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsDe Sitter spaceSpace timeDark matterAstrophysics (astro-ph)FísicaFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)String theoryAstrophysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsGraceful exitWKB approximationGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Quantum electrodynamicsEffective field theoryFlatness (cosmology)
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Non-linear axisymmetric pulsations of rotating relativistic stars in the conformal flatness approximation

2005

We study non-linear axisymmetric pulsations of rotating relativistic stars using a general relativistic hydrodynamics code under the assumption of a conformal flatness. We compare our results to previous simulations where the spacetime dynamics was neglected. The pulsations are studied along various sequences of both uniformly and differentially rotating relativistic polytropes with index N = 1. We identify several modes, including the lowest-order l = 0, 2, and 4 axisymmetric modes, as well as several axisymmetric inertial modes. Differential rotation significantly lowers mode frequencies, increasing prospects for detection by current gravitational wave interferometers. We observe an exten…

PhysicsInertial frame of referenceGravitational waveFlatness (systems theory)Astrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsConformal mapAstrophysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)RotationAstrophysicsAsteroseismologyGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologySpace and Planetary ScienceHarmonicsQuantum electrodynamicsDifferential rotationAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
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Cosmology of the Planck Era from a Renormalization Group for Quantum Gravity

2001

Homogeneous and isotropic cosmologies of the Planck era before the classical Einstein equations become valid are studied taking quantum gravitational effects into account. The cosmological evolution equations are renormalization group improved by including the scale dependence of Newton's constant and of the cosmological constant as it is given by the flow equation of the effective average action for gravity. It is argued that the Planck regime can be treated reliably in this framework because gravity is found to become asymptotically free at short distances. The epoch immediately after the initial singularity of the Universe is described by an attractor solution of the improved equations w…

PhysicsInflation (cosmology)High Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesHierarchy problemGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Cosmological constantAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyClassical mechanicsHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Planck timeQuantum cosmologyFlatness problemMathematical physicsPlanck lengthLoop quantum cosmology
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Improved constrained scheme for the Einstein equations: An approach to the uniqueness issue

2008

Uniqueness problems in the elliptic sector of constrained formulations of Einstein equations have a dramatic effect on the physical validity of some numerical solutions, for instance when calculating the spacetime of very compact stars or nascent black holes. The fully constrained formulation (FCF) proposed by Bonazzola, Gourgoulhon, Grandcl\'ement, and Novak is one of these formulations. It contains, as a particular case, the approximation of the conformal flatness condition (CFC) which, in the last ten years, has been used in many astrophysical applications. The elliptic part of the FCF basically shares the same differential operators as the elliptic equations in CFC scheme. We present he…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsGeneral relativityEquations of motionFOS: Physical sciencesConformal mapGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Differential operatorGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologysymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsEinstein field equationssymbolsApplied mathematicsUniquenessEinsteinFlatness (mathematics)
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SU-E-T-343: Valencia Applicator Commissioning Using a Micro-Chamber Array

2014

Purpose: In the commissioning and QA of surface isotope-based applicators, source-indexer distance (SID) has a great influence in the flatness, symmetry and output. To these purposes, methods described in the literature are the use of a special insert at the entrance of dwell chamber or radiochromic films. Here we present the experience with a micro-chamber array to perform the commissioning and QA of Valencia applicators. Methods: Valencia applicators have been used, the classic and the new extra-shielded version. A micro-chamber array has been employed, 1000 SRS (PTW), with 977 liquid filled, 2.3×2.3×0.5 mm3 sized ion chambers covering 11×11 cm2, which spacing is 2.5 mm in the central 5.5…

PhysicsTime delay and integrationbiologybusiness.industryFlatness (systems theory)General MedicineIntensity-modulated radiation therapybiology.organism_classificationOpticsIonization chamberStandard protocolPatient dosebusinessNuclear medicineValenciaMedical Physics
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Effect of a Steady Magnetic Field and Imposed Rotation of Vessel on Heat and Mass Transfer in Swirling Recirculating Flows

1999

A simplified theoretical model for the solidification interface shape prediction is introduced and tested. We linearised a coupled hydrodynamic-solidification problem about the state with a flat interface. In such a way we split the problem into a hydrodynamic part with a flat solid-liquid front and a solidification part with a calculated heat flux from the liquid phase. The method allows obvious conclusions on optimum heat conditions near the solidification interface providing its flatness and maximum pulling velocity at the same time. Comparison to the results by FLUENT package showed that the method provides a reasonable accuracy even for a noticeably deformed interface shape. Another pa…

Physics::Fluid DynamicsRotating magnetic fieldMaterials scienceConvective heat transferComputer simulationHeat fluxFlatness (systems theory)FluentThermodynamicsThermomagnetic convectionMechanicsRotation
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