Search results for "FLUID"

showing 10 items of 5513 documents

The Interactions between COVID-19 Cases in the USA, the VIX Index and Major Stock Markets

2021

With this study, we aimed to determine (1) the effect of the daily new cases and deaths due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States on the CBOE volatility index (VIX index) and (2) the effect of the VIX index on the major stock markets during the early stage of the pandemic period. To do this, we collected and analysed the daily new cases and death numbers during the COVID-19 pandemic period in the United States and the country indexes of the USA (DJI), Germany (DAX), France (CAC40), England (FTSE100), Italy (MIB), China (SSEC) and Japan (Nikkei225) to determine the impact of the VIX index on the major stock markets. We then subjected this data to the Johansen co-integration test and …

2019-20 coronavirus outbreakIndex (economics)Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)co-integration testSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)Stock exchanges and current eventsfear indexCOVID-19 pandemic01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmas0103 physical sciencesddc:330Financial services industry -- United States.010306 general physicsCOVID-19 Pandemic 2020- -- Economic aspects -- United StatesStock (geology)Volatility indexstock marketsStock exchangesGeographyfully modified least squares methodHG1-9999Bull marketsStocks -- PricesFinanceDemographyInternational Journal of Financial Studies
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Exosome levels in human body fluids: A tumor marker by themselves?

2016

Despite considerable research efforts, the finding of reliable tumor biomarkers remains challenging and unresolved. In recent years a novel diagnostic biomedical tool with high potential has been identified in extracellular nanovesicles or exosomes. They are released by the majority of the cells and contain detailed molecular information on the cell of origin including tumor hallmarks. Exosomes can be isolated from easy accessible body fluids, and most importantly, they can provide several biomarkers, with different levels of specificity. Recent clinical evidence shows that the levels of exosomes released into body fluids may themselves represent a predictive/diagnostic of tumors, discrimin…

30030301 basic medicinePharmaceutical ScienceExosomesBioinformaticsExosome03 medical and health sciencesTumor BiomarkersProstate cancer0302 clinical medicineBody FluidNeoplasmsBiomarkers TumorHumansMedicineHigh potentialTumor markerBiomarkers; Body fluids; Early diagnosis; Exosomes; Extracellular vesicles; Follow-up; Prostate cancer; Biomarkers Tumor; Body Fluids; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence Local; Neoplasms; Exosomes; 3003Prostate cancerSettore BIO/16 - Anatomia Umanabusiness.industryFollow-upHealthy subjectsCancerBiomarkerExtracellular vesiclesEarly diagnosiEarly diagnosismedicine.diseaseMicrovesiclesBody FluidsExosomeBody fluids030104 developmental biology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisNeoplasmExtracellular vesicleNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessBiomarkersHumanEuropean Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Double Flow Bioreactor for In Vitro Test of Drug Delivery.

2015

In this work, double-structured polymeric scaffolds were produced, and a double flow bioreactor was designed and set up in order to create a novel system to carry out advanced in vitro drug delivery tests. The scaffolds, consisting of a cylindrical porous matrix, are able to host cells, thus mimicking a three-dimensional tumor mass: moreover, a “pseudo-vascular” structure was embedded into the matrix, with the aim of allowing a flow circulation. The structure that emulates a blood vessel is a porous tubular-shaped scaffold prepared by Diffusion Induced Phase Separation (DIPS), with an internal lumen of 2 mm and a wall thickness of 200 micrometers. The as-prepared vessel was incorporated…

3003ScaffoldMaterials scienceIn vitro testPharmaceutical PreparationPolymersSurface PropertiesSurface PropertieBioreactorPhase separationDrug Evaluation PreclinicalVascular tissue engineeringPharmaceutical ScienceNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesFluid dynamicBioreactorsDrug Delivery SystemsBioreactorHumansParticle SizePolymerPorositychemistry.chemical_classificationFluid dynamic Vascular Tissue EngineeringMedicine (all)PolymerEquipment Design021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesShear strechemistryPharmaceutical PreparationsPoly-L-lactic acidDrug deliveryParticle size0210 nano-technologyDrug Delivery SystemHumanLumen (unit)Biomedical engineeringCurrent drug delivery
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Rational Design of Thermoresponsive Microgel Templates with Polydopamine Surface Coating for Microtissue Applications.

2021

Functional microgels provide a versatile basis for synthetic in vitro platforms as alternatives to animal experiments. The tuning of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of synthetic microgels can be achieved by blending suitable polymers and formulating them such to reflect the heterogenous and complex nature of biological tissues. Based on this premise, this paper introduces the development of volume-switchable core-shell microgels as 3D templates to enable cell growth for microtissue applications, using a systematic approach to tune the microgel properties based on a deep conceptual and practical understanding. Microscopic microgel design, such as the tailoring of the microg…

540 Chemistry and allied sciencesMaterials scienceIndolesPolymers and PlasticsPolymersMicrofluidicsBioengineeringNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiomaterialsBiological propertyddc:570Materials ChemistryAnimalsNanoscopic scalechemistry.chemical_classificationMicrogelsRational designPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesSurface coatingTemplatechemistry540 ChemieSurface modification0210 nano-technologyGelsBiotechnologyMacromolecular bioscience
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Widening of Hydrous Shear Zones During Incipient Eclogitization of Metastable Dry and Rigid Lower Crust—Holsnøy, Western Norway

2021

The partially eclogitized crustal rocks on Holsnøy in the Bergen Arcs, Norway, indicate that eclogitization is caused by the interplay of brittle and ductile deformation promoted by fluid infiltration and fluid‐rock interaction. Eclogitization generated an interconnected network of millimeter‐to‐kilometer‐wide hydrous eclogite‐facies shear zones, which presumably caused transient weakening of the mechanically strong lower crust. To decipher the development of those networks, we combine detailed lithological and structural mapping of two key outcrops with numerical modeling. Both outcrops are largely composed of preserved granulite with minor eclogite‐facies shear zones, thus representing th…

551.8fluid‐induced weakeningCrust551ddc:551.8GeophysicsGeochemistry and PetrologyMetastabilityeclogitization500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften Geologie::551 Geologie Hydrologie Meteorologieshear zone wideningShear zoneEclogitizationPetrologyGeologyfluid‐rock interaction
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Extent and persistence of soil water repellency induced by pines in different geographic regions

2018

The extent (determined by the repellency indices RI and RIc) and persistence (determined by the water drop penetration time, WDPT) of soil water repellency (SWR) induced by pines were assessed in vastly different geographic regions. The actual SWR characteristics were estimated in situ in clay loam soil at Ciavolo, Italy (CiF), sandy soil at Culbin, United Kingdom (CuF), silty clay soil at Javea, Spain (JaF), and sandy soil at Sekule, Slovakia (SeF). For Culbin soil, the potential SWR characteristics were also determined after oven-drying at 60°C (CuD). For two of the three pine species considered, strong (Pinus pinaster at CiF) and severe (Pinus sylvestris at CuD and SeF) SWR conditions we…

631 - Agricultura. Agronomía. Maquinaria agrícola. Suelos. Edafología agrícola0208 environmental biotechnologyRepellency indexSoil science02 engineering and technologySoilSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliClay soilWater Science and TechnologyFluid Flow and Transfer Processesrepellency indexbiologyMechanical EngineeringHydraulic engineering04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesbiology.organism_classificationPine020801 environmental engineeringRepellency index.Water repellencyLoamSoil water040103 agronomy & agricultureGeographic regions0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesEnvironmental sciencePinus pinasterTC1-978Water drop penetration time
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Overview of the JET preparation for deuterium-tritium operation with the ITER like-wall

2019

Documento escrito por un elevado número de autores/as, sólo se referencia el/la que aparece en primer lugar y los/as autores/as pertenecientes a la UC3M For the past several years, the JET scientific programme (Pamela et al 2007 Fusion Eng. Des. 82 590) has been engaged in a multi-campaign effort, including experiments in D, H and T, leading up to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/50% D–T mixtures since 1997 and the first ever D–T plasmas with the ITER mix of plasma-facing component materials. For this purpose, a concerted physics and technology programme was launched with a view to prepare the D–T campaign (DTE2). This paper addresses the key elements developed by the JET programme d…

:Física [Ciências exactas e naturais]Nuclear engineeringPLASMASCONFINEMENTfusion power7. Clean energy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionlawTRANSPORT EXPERIMENTSFusió nuclearMODESettore FIS/01Jet (fluid)fusion power ; JET ; tritium ; isotopeILW DIVERTORIsotopetritiumPhysicsSettore ING-IND/18 - Fisica dei Reattori NuclearimodeInjectorCondensed Matter PhysicsFusion Plasma and Space PhysicsSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure e Strumentazione Nucleariconfinementperformance[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-FLU-DYN]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Fluid Dynamics [physics.flu-dyn]Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsTechnology and Engineeringfusion power; JET; tritium; isotopetransport experimentsPlasma (Gasos ionitzats)Tritium114 Physical sciencesFísica FísicaFusion plasma och rymdfysik:Physical sciences [Natural sciences]0103 physical sciencesThermalFusion powerFusiónNeutronddc:530010306 general physicsisotopePhysics Physical sciencesQC717fusion power; isotope; JET; tritiumPlasma (Ionized gases)Spectrometer:Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]FísicaPlasmaFusion powerPERFORMANCEplasmasilw divertorHigh-confinement mode13. Climate actionJetJETEnvironmental scienceNuclear fusion
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Measurement of the Lund jet plane using charged particles in 13 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector

2020

The prevalence of hadronic jets at the LHC requires that a deep understanding of jet formation and structure is achieved in order to reach the highest levels of experimental and theoretical precision. There have been many measurements of jet substructure at the LHC and previous colliders, but the targeted observables mix physical effects from various origins. Based on a recent proposal to factorize physical effects, this Letter presents a double-differential cross-section measurement of the Lund jet plane using 139  fb−1 of √s=13  TeV proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector using jets with transverse momentum above 675 GeV. The measurement uses charged particles to ac…

:Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]Protonshowers [parton]13000 GeV-cmsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHadronGeneral Physics and Astronomyjet: transverse momentumPhysical Effects01 natural sciencestransverse momentum [jet]High Energy Physics - ExperimentSubatomär fysikHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Charged ParticlesSubatomic PhysicsComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONscattering [p p][PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Parton showerNuclear ExperimentGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)PhysicsSettore FIS/01Jet (fluid)Large Hadron ColliderDouble Differential Cross SectionsDetectorhadronic [jet]Monte Carlo [numerical calculations]ATLASTransverse Momentacharged particleCharged particlemedicine.anatomical_structureCERN LHC Coll:Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]colliding beams [p p]numerical calculations: Monte CarloParticle Physics - Experimentp p: scatteringCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas530 Physicsformation [jet]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesMeasurements ofLHC ATLAS High Energy Physicsjet: formation530GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUSMonte Carlo Modelparton: showersNuclear physicsdifferential cross section: measuredAtlas (anatomy)Fragmentationmeasured [differential cross section]0103 physical sciencesmedicineddc:530High Energy Physicsstructure010306 general physicsATLAS CollaborationScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKSFísicajet: hadronic530 Physikangular resolutionProton Proton CollisionsElementary Particles and FieldsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentDetector EffectsHadron-hadron collisionsp p: colliding beamsMathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICSacceptanceexperimental results
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Measurement of inclusive jet and dijet cross sections in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy with the ATLAS detector

2011

Jet cross sections have been measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector. The measurement uses an integrated luminosity of 17 nb−1 recorded at the Large Hadron Collider. The anti-k t algorithm is used to identify jets, with two jet resolution parameters, R=0.4 and 0.6. The dominant uncertainty comes from the jet energy scale, which is determined to within 7% for central jets above 60 GeV transverse momentum. Inclusive single-jet differential cross sections are presented as functions of jet transverse momentum and rapidity. Dijet cross sections are presented as functions of dijet mass and the angular variable χ. The res…

:Mathematics and natural science: 400::Physics: 430 [VDP]Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)4-Jet Observables:Mathematics and natural science: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - Experimentlaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)law[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Angular-DistributionsMediciónQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsJet (fluid)MultiplicitiesLarge Hadron ColliderLuminosity (scattering theory)Settore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleHERAATLASINCLUSIVE JET CROSS SECTIONmedicine.anatomical_structurePhotoproductionPhysical SciencesComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFísica nuclearLHCParticle Physics - ExperimentjetsParticle physicsCiências Naturais::Ciências FísicasStrong-Coupling Alpha(S)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2530Nuclear physicsAtlas (anatomy)0103 physical sciencesmedicineFysikRapidityddc:530High Energy Physics010306 general physicsColliderEngineering (miscellaneous)Ciencias ExactasHeraCalorimeterATLAS detector010308 nuclear & particles physicsParton DistributionsFísicaATLAS detector; proton-proton collisionsExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentResolutionCollider
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Event Horizon Telescope imaging of the archetypal blazar 3C 279 at an extreme 20 microarcsecond resolution

2020

Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Open Access funding provided by Max Planck Society.--All authors: Kim, Jae-Young; Krichbaum, Thomas P.; Broderick, Avery E.; Wielgus, Maciek; Blackburn, Lindy; Gómez, José L.; Johnson, Michael D.; Bouman, Katherine L.; Chael, Andrew; Akiyama, Kazunori; Jorstad, Svetlana; Marscher, Alan P.; Issaoun, Sara; Janssen, Michael; Chan, Chi-kwan; Savolainen, Tuomas; Pesce, Dominic W.; Özel, Feryal; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walt…

ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEIBrightnessActive galactic nucleusactive [Galaxies]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstronomygalaxies: activeAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesSubmillimeter ArrayFLOWSSCALE CIRCULAR-POLARIZATION0103 physical sciencesVery-long-baseline interferometryBlazar010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsEvent Horizon Telescope[PHYS]Physics [physics]Jet (fluid)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsFLAREgalaxies: jetsindividual: 3C 279 [Galaxies]LONGVARIABILITYgalaxies: individual: 3C 279GAMMA-RAYQUASARS13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary Sciencetechniques: interferometricBrightness temperatureACCRETION DISKSinterferometric [Techniques]jets [Galaxies]RELATIVISTIC JETS[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Astronomy & astrophysics
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