Search results for "FLUX"

Influence of polyunsaturated fatty acids on Cortisol transport through MDCK and MDCK-MDR1 cells as blood-brain barrier in vitro model.

2011

Abstract Transport across the blood–brain barrier is a relevant factor in the pharmacological action of many drugs and endogenous substances whose action site is located in brain. An overactive P-gp has been suggested to be of relevance for the resistance of the HPA system to be suppressed by glucocorticoids, which is one of the best described biological abnormalities in certain types of depression. PUFA acids have shown clinical efficacy in depressed patients and the hypothesis is that these compounds are able to reduce HPA axis activity as this effect has been shown in animal models of depression. The objective of the present work was (1) to characterize Cortisol transport through MDCK an…

Klinischer Verlauf und Narbenentwicklung beim operierten vesico-renalen Reflux in einer Langzeitbeobachtung

1985

62 patients (14 boys, 48 girls) representing 85 refluxive renal units (Grade 2-4) were investigated after successful operation for the development of further urinary tract infections (UTI) and renal scars (RS). The mean follow-up was 9.3 years. With the exception of one boy, none of the male patients developed any UTI or new RS. A similar result was obtained for about 45% of the girls. These two groups of patients presented with high-grade reflux before surgery. The remaining female patients (about 55%), however, presenting with lower-grade reflux before surgical treatment, developed further UTI as well as new RS despite surgical correction of their reflux. Investigations on the capacity of…

Ureterocystoplasty in a Boy with Myelomeningocele

2010

Introduction In the rare case of a decompensated neurogenic bladder combined with a unilateral hydronephrosis and hydroureter, ureterocystoplasty is a feasible and elegant technique for bladder augmentation. In contrast to augmentation using bowel segments, the use of urothelial-lined tissue avoids the common problems caused by mucus development and electrolyte disturbance. Prerequisite is a unilateral non-functional kidney and a severe dilation of the ureter. Patients The patient presented in this case report is an 11-year old boy with myelomeningocele. Due to a decompensated neurogenic low-compliance bladder with high-degree reflux, the left kidney was hydronephrotic and afunctional, urod…

Neuronal and extraneuronal uptake and efflux of catecholamines in the isolated rabbit heart

1974

1. Isolated rabbit hearts were perfused with (−)-noradrenaline, (−)-adrenaline and (±)-isoprenaline for various time periods (1–180 min) and then washed with an amine-free medium. The venous concentration of the amine was estimated fluorimetrically during the infusion and after its end, to study removal and efflux, respectively. 2. In untreated hearts and after pretreatment with reserpine the removal had a constant rate over 20–60 min. After pretreatment with pargyline to block monoamine oxidase (MAO), however, the removal of noradrenaline declined exponentially to zero. Inhibition of the neuronal uptake (desipramine) and chemical sympathectomy (6-hydroxydopamine) abolished the removal of n…

The neuronal efflux of noradrenaline: Dependency on sodium and facilitation by ouabain

1974

Rabbit hearts were isolated after pretreatment with the MAO inhibitor pargyline and with reserpine and were perfused with 200 ng/ml noradrenaline for 1 h. During the subsequent wash-out with an amine-free solution for 2 h, the neuronal efflux of noradrenaline declined mono-exponentially with a mean halftime of 42 min. Both Na+-free solution and ouabain caused facilitation of the efflux which thereafter declined in a multi-exponential fashion. The maximum facilitation was reached after 3 min of Na+-free perfusion and 25 min after introduction of ouabain. The amount of exogenous noradrenaline accumulated in the heart was only partially released when the extracellular Na+-concentration was nor…

Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Using Gastrin- and Pepsinogen-Based Tests

2018

Abstract Gastrin-17 (G-17), pepsinogen-1 (Pg1) and pepsinogen-2 (Pg2) reflect the functional state of gastric mucosa and are used for non-invasive diagnosis and screening of atrophic gastritis. The aim of the study was to clarify if erosive reflux disease (ERD) or non-ERD (NERD) can be distinguished from other dyspeptic conditions in patients, in a non-invasive manner using specific biomarkers. Levels of G-17, Pg1, and Pg2 were measured in 141 ERD patients (median age 48 years, males — 68), 122 NERD patients (median age 45 years, males — 32) and 410 control patients (median age 50 years, males — 97). Levels of biomarkers in ERD and NERD groups were compared to controls. Median levels of G-1…

Double Hydrodistention Implantation Technique (HIT) in the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux

2020

How uncomplicated total thyroidectomy could aggravate the laryngopharyngeal reflux disease?

2016

Swallowing, voice disorders, throat discomfort and subjective neck discomfort are usually reported by patients with a known thyroid nodule and are correlated to nodular thyroid disease itself. Moreover, in endemic goitrous areas, total thyroidectomy (TT) is the most frequently performed surgical procedure. We are used to relate swallowing, voice and throat discomfort to the mechanical effects of nodular goiter or to thyroidectomy itself, but in both these cases the relationship between symptoms and the thyroid mass or its removal is not always clear or easily demonstrated. How can we explain the persistence of local neck symptoms after TT? And how can TT worsen the dysphagic or dysphonic di…

Extended pH-monitoring in the evaluation of gastroesophageal reflux in infancy and childhood

1986

Esophageal 24-h pH monitoring was performed in addition to esophagogastrography, esophageal manometry, and esophagoscopy in 66 infants and 12 children from 2–14 years of age with symptoms characteristic of gastroesophageal reflux (GER). In ten infants, ph monitoring was repeated once or twice at intervals of 1 week to 8 1/2 months. The follow-up time for all patients ranged from 2–7 years. Our findings suggest that extended pH monitoring is the most valuable diagnostic procedure under the following circumstances. First, when there are major discrepancies between reported observations and actual symptoms during hospitalization, pH monitoring can clarify the causal relationship. Second, when …

Pantoprazole: from drug metabolism to clinical relevance.

2008

Conditions requiring inhibition of acid secretion, such as gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), peptic ulcers, non-ulcer dyspepsia or the use of NSAIDs, are very common, and their prevalence is expecting to rise as they are seen predominantly amongst the elderly. Among the drugs available to inhibit acid secretion, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) have been shown to have the best efficacy-safety ratio and have been used widely.This paper was intended to provide an overall presentation of one of these PPIs, pantoprazole.This study was first intended to give an overview of pantoprazole, so a Medline search was conducted using pantoprazole as unique search term, without publication date restr…