Search results for "FUNGI"
showing 10 items of 3688 documents
Pyrazole jako fungicydy stosowane w ochronie roślin przeciwko grzybom
2015
Fungicydy są substancjami o właściwościach grzybobójczych oraz fungistatycznych, dzięki czemu mogą być stosowane do ochrony roślin przed chorobami powodowanymi przez różne gatunki grzybów. Patogeniczne grzyby glebowe stanowią poważny problem jeśli chodzi o ochronę roślin. Przepisy Unii Europejskiej zawarte w Dyrektywie Rady z dnia 15 lipca 1991 roku ograniczają ilość dostępnych, skutecznych środków grzybobójczych. Ponadto ze względu na duże stosowanie fungicydów grzyby nabywają na nie odporności. W związku z tym niezbędne jest poszukiwanie nowych substancji czynnych, które skutecznie będą ograniczały infekcje roślin. Skutecznymi związkami w walce z patogenicznymi grzybami pochodzenia glebow…
Prolonged stigma and flower lifespan in females of the gynodioecious plant Geranium sylvaticum
2017
In gynodioecious plants females need a reproductive advantage over hermaphrodites to be maintained in the same population. Generally, three main proximate causes for a female advantage are considered: inbreeding avoidance, different resource allocation patterns, and differences in ecological interactions. A mechanism potentially causing a female advantage that is rarely discussed is a difference in floral longevity between the genders. Females may have a longer stigma lifespan than hermaphrodites, which can affect pollination. Stigma and flower lifespan are rarely documented in gynodioecious species, although it is a common observation in dioecious species that female plants flower longer t…
Regulatory networks underlying mycorrhizal development delineated by genome-wide expression profiling and functional analysis of the transcription fa…
2017
Background: Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi develop a mutualistic symbiotic interaction with the roots of their host plants. During this process, they undergo a series of developmental transitions from the running hyphae in the rhizosphere to the coenocytic hyphae forming finger-like structures within the root apoplastic space. These transitions, which involve profound, symbiosis-associated metabolic changes, also entail a substantial transcriptome reprogramming with coordinated waves of differentially expressed genes. To date, little is known about the key transcriptional regulators driving these changes, and the aim of the present study was to delineate and functionally characterize the trans…
Are habitat loss, predation risk and climate related to the drastic decline in a Siberian flying squirrel population? A 15 year study
2014
To devise effective conservation actions, it is important to know which factors are associated with the population parameters of a declining population. Using mark–recapture methods, we estimated the annual population size, growth rate and survival probability of an ear-tagged flying squirrel population over a 15-year period in a 4,500 ha study area in western Finland. The species is considered vulnerable, but detailed knowledge concerning population sizes or trends is lacking. The population parameters and changes therein were regressed against habitat availability, an indicator of predation pressure, and mean winter temperature (an indicator of climate change), to reveal potential reasons…
The temporal variation in Siberian flying squirrel (Pteromys volans) population size
2011
Human land use causes declines of natural populations, for example, by loss of habitat area. Additionally, habitat fragmentation can cause the population size to decline more than is expected based on the area lost. Some ecological processes, such as demographic stochasticity and Allee effect, can expose already small populations to further decline. The endangered Siberian flying squirrel (Pteromys volans) has suffered from intensive forestry in Finland. In this thesis I estimated the size and growth rate of a local flying squirrel population living in nest boxes in Alavus using 15-year mark-recapture data. I regressed the estimated population size against habitat availability to detect rel…
Effect of an insect growth regulator (halofenozide) on the cuticular hydrocarbons of Culex pipiens larvae
2013
The cuticular hydrocarbons of the fourth-instar larvae of Culex pipiens aged one and six days were analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The effect of an insect growth regulator (halofenozide = RH-0345) on the cuticular hydrocarbons was evaluated using newly moulted fourth-instar larvae of C. pipiens, at the lethal concentrations (LC50 = 12.58 and LC90 = 28.58 mu g/l). A previous study revealed that RH-0345 is toxic to larvae of C. pipiens by induction of precocious larval moulting. Several cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) were identified and many of the other compounds remained unknown. Our data show that the CHC classes consisted of n-alkanes (C23-C29) and …
Hyperspectral Imaging of Macroinvertebrates : a Pilot Study for Detecting Metal Contamination in Aquatic Ecosystems
2018
The applicability of spectral analysis in detection of freshwater metal contamination was assessed by developing and testing a novel hyperspectral imaging (HSI) application for aquatic insect larvae (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae). Larvae were first exposed to four different cadmium (Cd) concentrations: 0, 1, 10, and 100 μg L−1 for 96 h. Individual larvae were then preserved in ethanol, inspected with microscopy for the number of anomalies in larval gills, and imaged by hyperspectral camera operating with wavebands between 500 and 850 nm. Three additional larvae from each exposure were analyzed for tissue Cd concentration. Although the larval tissue Cd concentrations correlated positively wit…
KOSMOS 2017 Peru Side Experiment: nutrients, phytoplankton abundances, enzyme rates, photophysiology
2022
This data was collected during an short-term incubation experiment in March 2017 that investigated the response of a surface plankton community to upwelling. This experiment was carried in the framework of the SFB754-funded KOSMOS mesocosm study that took place in La Punta, Callao, Peru between February-April 2017. A total of six different treatments were used to disentangle chemical and biological characteristics of deep water that influence surface plankton blooms: 2 different deep water sources with different nutrient concentrations; 3 treatments to distinguish the effects of inorganic nutrients, organic nutrients and deep water microbial populations. Measured variables include inorganic…
Dwa nowe stanowiska twardziaka pucharowatego Neolentinus cyathiformis w Polsce
2018
Neolentinus cyathiformis (Schaeff.) Della Maggiora & Trassinelli (Gloeophyllaceae, Gloeophyllales, Agaricomycetes) to rzadki grzyb, który na aktualnej Czerwonej liście grzybów wielkoowocnikowych w Polsce posiada kategorię gatunku wymierającego E. Pomimo szerokiego zasięgu (Europa, Azja, Ameryka Południowa) jego stanowiska są nieliczne. W Polsce do tej pory znanych było 20 stanowisk tego gatunku, w tym zaledwie dwa w północnej części kraju. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie dwóch nowych stanowisk: w Ogrodzie Botanicznym Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu (woj. wielkopolskie) oraz w północno-wschodniej części kraju we wsi Rejsztokiemie (woj. podlaskie). Na obu stanowiskach owocni…
Necrobia rufipes (De geer) infestation in pet food packaging and setup of a monitoring trap
2020
Simple Summary Necrobia rufipes (Coleoptera: Cleridae) is an emerging pest of pet food stores. Information on infestation modalities for this pest is absent and specific monitoring tools are missing. In this paper, the adults’ and larvae’s ability to enter into pet food packaging was evaluated. Furthermore, to set up of a monitoring trap behavioral bioassays were carried out: testing two adhesive surfaces, one generally used in mouse glue trap and the other used in cockroach trap, to evaluate their ability in avoiding insects’ escape; screening different molecules, as candidate food attractants: methyl cyclopentenolone, squalene and stearic acid. The results evidenced that N. rufipes enter …