Search results for "Fallacy"
showing 9 items of 29 documents
Future is where concepts, theories and applications meet (also in fuzzy logic)
2015
No one knows where the future lies, and the idea of serendipity in science is now raised to something of a tropism. This does not impede our will to predict, if not the exact events, at least the short–term trends in the disciplines we live and breathe, and to point at the (subjective) glaring chances for a bright future. This volume is a clear example of the need that any living scientific discipline has for constant regrouping and redirection, in a never–ending process of consolidating results and finding new paths. In this contribution we will try and focus on a number of areas of fuzzy logic and, by extension, in the whole word of uncertainty, where (in our opinion) a number of interest…
In the Future Everyone Will Be a Fuzzy Set: Enric Trillas, FST as an Experimental Science and the Relationship with Theory of Concepts
2015
Enrique Trillas Ruiz has had a long association with Italy, and for ten years now has been in the Scientific committee of WILF, the International Workshop on Fuzzy Logic born and breed in our country; it was not until WILF 2009, which our research group organised in Terrasini (Palermo) and in which organising committee I sat, that I become aware of the “complementary soul” of Enric’s work. Up to that point I had stumbled upon his papers on fuzzy operators and logic, mostly the joint works of him and Claudi Alsina, such as [1, 2, 21], but my research interest at the time seemed to me away and far apart from the ensemble of symbols and logical implication: I was trying to use the elements of …
Overestimation of the strength of size-assortative pairing in taxa with cryptic diversity: a case of Simpson's paradox.
2015
5 pages; International audience; Size-assortative pairing is one of the most common pairing patterns observed in nature and it probably occurs in many taxa with cryptic diversity. Observed patterns of size-assortative pairing in natural populations may thus be influenced by the co-occurrence of noninterbreeding cryptic groups of individuals living in sympatry. To quantify this potential bias, we sampled amphipods from the Gammarus pulex/Gammarus fossarum crustacean species complex in rivers containing two sympatric and morphologically cryptic groups, i.e. molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs). Within each river, MOTUs did not interbreed and differed in mean body size. We measured th…
Delivery Truck Drivers’ Work Outside Their Cabs: Ergonomic Video Analyses Supplemented with National Accident Statistics
2014
Delivery truck drivers' work contains various physically and psychosocially demanding work situations. Fifteen drivers' and 8 other stakeholders' identifications of such work situations were examined by video analyses in this study. The identifications were analyzed in-depth by the researchers and compared with statistics on 3,507 accidents in the Finnish trucking industry. The aim was to determine what kind of identifications were made and to what degree the identifications coincided among the participants and with the accident statistics. The drivers' identifications differed from the statistics data. The statistics showed a significantly higher relative frequency of movement-related situ…
Use of the software ‘Poser4’ in reconstruction of accident and crime scenes
2000
The reconstruction of accident and crime scenes demands the full attention of the forensic working physician. Description by words is often difficult and liable to be misunderstood. Reconstruction in the original places of events are expensive and in some cases impossible. Computer graphics and animations give the possibility to construct the original course of events. Poser4 is a software package to perform these reconstructions in an easy and vivid way. We investigated the possibilities of reconstructing an accident with this software.
Paradoksi un maldīgi spriedumi statistikā
2021
Šajā darbā tiek aprakstīti vairāki paradoksi un maldīgie spriedumi statistikā, kurus ir būtiski izprast, lai izdarītu korektus secinājumus par datiem dažādās zinātnēs, piemēram, epidemoloģijā, tiesību zinātnē, sociālajās zinātnēs. Kaut arī liela daļa no šiem fenomeniem tika aplūkoti jau 20. gadsimtā, ar paradoksiem saistītie rezultāti vēl joprojām var būt intuitīvi nesaprotami, kaut arī no statistikas viedokļa tie ir korekti. Savukārt, maldīgie spriedumi, kuri var likties loģiski, bet noved pie nepareiza rezultāta, joprojām ir sastopami rakstos. Darbā fenomeni tiek aprakstīti un doti piemēri.
Data from an international multi-centre Study of Statistics and Mathematics Anxieties and Related Variables in University Students (the SMARVUS Datas…
2023
This large, international dataset contains survey responses from N = 12,570 students from 100 universities in 35 countries, collected in 21 languages. We measured anxieties (statistics, mathematics, test, trait, social interaction, performance, creativity, intolerance of uncertainty, and fear of negative evaluation), self-efficacy, persistence, and the cognitive reflection test, and collected demographics, previous mathematics grades, self-reported and official statistics grades, and statistics module details. Data reuse potential is broad, including testing links between anxieties and statistics/mathematics education factors, and examining instruments’ psychometric properties across differ…
Death caused by a chain saw – homicide, suicide or accident?
1999
A 31-year-old farm worker was found dead beside a chain saw. Based on the testimony of a colleague and because of the situation at the site, the police very soon presupposed an accident. It was assumed that the victim had slipped on the sodden ground and had been killed by the subsequent swerving of the saw when starting the engine. The body presented with a deep lacerated wound at the right side of the nape of the neck, including the first cervical vertebra, the medullary canal and the right mandible as well as multiple fissures of the occipital bone, which were attributed to repeated forceful use of the chain by another person. A second wound with relatively sharp edges and a tangential f…
P165 Workplace and commuting accidents of german teachers: an analysis of accident reports
2016
Introduction Since 2011 the Institute for Teachers’ Health (IfL) is responsible for the occupational health of more than 40.000 German teachers. Analysing teachers’ accidents is an important part of everyday work. The aim of the study was to describe accident black spots and type of injuries. We further wanted to identify factors influencing accident severity. Methods We included accident reports of teachers between August 2011 and July 2014 (three school-years) which occurred at schools in Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany). In case of an accident, teachers fill out an accident report which is forwarded either to the statutory accident insurance or to the IfL. For the present analysis, anonymi…