Search results for "Farm"
showing 10 items of 3554 documents
La salud y el acceso a los medicamentos. Un análisis del derecho y la participación de las empresas farmacéuticas
2021
One of the most controverted topics of human rights protection is the role of non-State actors in guaranteeing the rights of individuals since in most cases regional and universal organizations have purely focused their attention on the responsibility of States alone. Accordingly, relevant scholars have urged the need for international law to provide clear and stricter provisions which aim at regulating the conduct of such peculiar actors. Yet, the current international legal realm demonstrates that no legally binding provisions have been adopted and mere soft law instruments have been endorsed at the intergovernmental level. The non-binding character of these instruments provides sufficien…
Ethanol releases corticotropic releasing hormone (CRH) from rat hypothalamic explants; role of acetaldehyde
2009
Ethanol activates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, resulting in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) glucocorticoid release, and a modification of the response of this axis to other stressors (Lee et al 1999, 2000). To determine the mechanisms responsible for these effects we investigated : 1) whether ethanol was able to release CRH from incubated hypothalamic explants; 2) whether acetaldehyde (ACD), its first metabolite formed in the brain by catalase activity, might play a role in ethanol effects. To this aim, rat hypothalamic explants were incubated with: 1) medium containing ethanol at 150 mg %; 2) different concentrations of ACD (4.4, 13.2, 44, 132 x 10-3 mg%); 3) ethanol plus …
Ethanol stimulates corticotropic releasing hormone (CRH) release from rat hypothalamic explants; role of acetaldehyde
2009
Ethanol is able to activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and to modify its response to other stressors, releasing adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and glucocorticoid release, (Lee et al 1999, 2000). In the brain ethanol is diverted by catalase activity into acetaldehyde, which is reported to mediate some of its behavioural and neurochemical effects. (Peana et al 2008, Melis et al 2007) Thus, to clarifìy the mechanisms underlying ethanol activity on the HPA axis we investigated :1) ethanol effect on CRH release from incubated hypothalamic explants; 2) the role of acetaldehyde (ACD), in mediating ethanol activity. To this aim, rat hypothalamic explants were incubated with…
SY26-2ACETALDEHYDE ENDOCANNABINOIDS AND DOPAMINE: IS THIS –JUST- “A MENAGE A TROIS”?
2015
As ethanol, its first metabolite, acetaldehyde (ACD), enhances dopamine neurotransmission and exerts rewarding and motivational effects in animal models tailored for studying addictive-like behaviours. The endocannabinoid system fine-tuning dopamine cell activity, affects distinct drug-related behaviours and specific drug-induced effects. In light of this, it becomes urgent to investigate the implications of …
Effect of Acetaldehyde on CRF release form incubated hypothalamic explants
2008
In the past, Acetaldehyde (ACD), the main metabolite of ethanol (ETOH), was mainly studied for its toxic and adverse effects (1). However, recently, ACD was reported to determine behavioural and neurochemical effects, following ETOH assumption in rodents (2, 3). Indeed, ACD enhances dopamine levels in nucleus accumbens, stimulates beta-endorphin release from hypothalamic cells, mediating alcohol reinforcing effects (4). Since little is known about the effects of ACD on other central neuropeptides, in this research we aimed to investigate ACD influence on hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) release. In order to ascertain this hypothesis, different doses of ACD (1, 10, 3x10 micr…
The upgraded HADES trigger and data acquisition system
2011
The HADES experiment is a High Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer located at GSI in Darmstadt, Germany. Recently, its trigger and data acquisition system was upgraded. The main goal was to substantially increase the event rate capability by a factor of up to 20 to reach 100 kHz in light and 20 kHz in heavy ion reaction systems. The total data rate written to storage is about 400 MByte/s in peak.In this context, the complete read-out system was exchanged to FPGA-based platforms using optical communication. For data transport a general-purpose real-time network protocol was developed to meet the strong requirements of the system. In particular, trigger information has to reach all front-end …
Nuevos datos sobre la sociedad y el derecho celtibéricos: la regulación de la cabaña ganadera
2012
Basándose en varios documentos medievales, mediante los cuales los reyes de la Corona de Aragón restablecieron un tribunal especial consuetudinario (tribunal del ligallo) para devolver a sus dueños el ganado mostrenco, el Autor determina el origen de este tribunal como antiquísima institución celtibérica y reconstruye su funcionamiento y papel en las sociedades célticas de la Península Ibérica. Esta corte de justicia, propia de todas las agrupaciones celtibéricas de siete miembros (oppida), se reunía dos veces por año, coincidiendo sus sesiones con las dos grandes festividades de Beltene (1 de mayo) y de Samain (1 de noviembre), y tenía como misión resolver todos los conflictos pecuarios su…
Chemical constituents and antiproliferative activity of Euphorbia bivonae
2011
Euphorbia is a genus of plants belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae, consisting of about 2160 species. This family occurs mainly in the Indo-Malayan region and tropical America. Euphorbia also has many species in non-tropical areas such as the Mediterranean area, the Middle East, South Africa, and southern USA. Phytochemical studies of species from the genus Euphorbia report the presence of skin-irritating and tumor-promoting diterpenoids, several macrocyclic diterpenoids with antibacterial, anticancer, PGE2-inhibitory, antifeedant, anti-HIV, and analgesic activities. Some of the Euphorbiaceae species are used in folk medicine for the treatment of skin diseases, gonorrhea, migraines, intes…
Depuration of geosmin- and 2-methylisoborneol-induced off-flavors in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) farmed European whitefish
2019
European whitefish Coregonus lavaretus has increasingly become an important species for aquatic food production, especially in the Nordic countries. Whitefish is produced in traditional cage and pond operations, and in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) in which, unfortunately, off-flavors and odors, mostly caused by geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), can accumulate in fish flesh from the circulating water. GSM and MIB have very low human sensory detection limits and, therefore, often disliked by consumers even at low concentrations. In this study, concentrations of GSM and MIB in RAS farmed European whitefish were studied by an analytical method based on headspace solid phase …
Evaluation Activities in Pharmacognosy
2010
La implantación del EEES comporta un nuevo sistema educativo enfocado al aprendizaje basado en el trabajo del estudiante, el cual deja de ser un sujeto pasivo que adquiere y memoriza conocimientos para convertirse en un sujeto activo de su desarrollo competencial y ser capaz de gestionar sus conocimientos eficientemente, bajo la tutela del profesor. Esto implica modificar no sólo la docencia sino también la evaluación, que como parte esencial del proceso educativo, asegura cubrir necesidades de aprendizaje y actualizar contenidos, proporciona retroalimentación, reflexión y análisis de la propia práctica y permite corregir deficiencias y mejorar metodologías. En Farmacognosia, actualmente en…