Search results for "Figurative language"
showing 10 items of 41 documents
Parole che risuonano. Usi linguistici e simulazione motoria
2012
One of the great merits of the embodied language paradigm is that of highlighting the fact that language understanding has to be led back to action and perception. The comprehension of an action-related sentence activates the same neural structures that enable the execution of that action. However, embodied language studies have been mostly focused on descriptive usages of language. Notions such as those of usage, context or pragmatic intrusion have not been sufficiently considered. A usage-based model of language will be here presented. Embodied language studies will be discussed in the light of this model.
Actuality of Art Education at the Beginning of XX Century in East Europe. Graphic Constructions Through Gestaltung and Formenlehre in Figurative Crea…
2018
The great innovations in the field of the elaboration of forms and figures in the last century have often sometimes accompanied the amazement and optimism of the discovery, a methodological uncertainty shared with other fields of Knowledge. It is undeniable that the advent of information technology and representation—together with the socio-economic changes that have taken place—has laid the foundations for an irreversible ontological leap in the process of form processing, and yet very often there are references historians that can somehow inspire current theories and practices. In this sense, some interpretations considered to be classical, from Valery to Benjamin, from Arnheim to Waburg,…
Left but not right temporal involvement in opaque idiom comprehension: a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation study
2004
Abstract It has been suggested that figurative language, which includes idioms, is controlled by the right hemisphere. We tested the right hemisphere hypothesis by using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to transiently disrupt the function of the frontal and temporal areas of the right versus left hemisphere in a group of normal participants involved in a task of opaque idiom versus literal sentence comprehension. Forty opaque, nonambiguous idioms were selected. Fifteen young healthy participants underwent rTMS in two sessions. The experiment was run in five blocks, corresponding to the four stimulated scalp positions (left frontal and temporal and right frontal and tempor…
Missing Curious Fraction Problems
2018
In this paper we present a study of one of the best-known types of descriptive word fraction problems. These problems have disappeared from today’s textbooks but are hugely important for developing arithmetic thinking. The aim of this paper is to examine the historical solution methods for these problems and discuss the analytical readings suggested by the authors. On the basis of this analysis we have conducted a preliminary study of the performance of 35 Spanish students who are highly trained in mathematics. Our results show that these students have a preference for algebraic reasoning, are reluctant to use arithmetic methods, and have reading comprehension difficulties that are reflecte…
A Novel Approach for Supporting Italian Satire Detection Through Deep Learning
2021
Satire is a way of criticizing people (or ideas) by ridiculing them on political, social, and morals topics often used to denounce political and societal problems, leveraging comedic devices such as parody exaggeration, incongruity, etc.etera. Detecting satire is one of the most challenging computational linguistics tasks, natural language processing, and social multimedia sentiment analysis. In particular, as satirical texts include figurative communication for expressing ideas/opinions concerning people, sentiment analysis systems may be negatively affected; therefore, satire should be adequately addressed to avoid such systems’ performance degradation. This paper tackles automatic satire…
Do Patients With Depression Prefer Literal or Metaphorical Expressions for Internal States? Evidence From Sentence Completion and Elicited Production
2018
In everyday communication metaphoric expressions are frequently used to refer to abstract concepts, such as feelings or mental states. Patients with depression are said to prefer literal over figurative language, i.e. they may show a concreteness bias. Given that both emotional functioning and the processing of figurative language may be altered in this clinical population, our study aims at investigating whether and how these dysfunctions are reflected in the understanding and production of metaphorical expressions for internal states. We used two behavioral approaches: a sentence completion task and elicited speech production. In the first experiment, patients with ICD 10 depression (n = …
Differentiating among pragmatic uses of words through timed sensicality judgments
2013
Pragmatic and cognitive accounts of figurative language posit a difference between metaphor and metonymy in terms of underlying conceptual operations. Recently, other pragmatic uses of words have been accounted for in the Relevance Theory framework, such as approximation, described in terms of conceptual adjustment that varies in degree and direction with respect to the case of metaphor. Despite the theoretical distinctions, there is very poor experimental evidence addressing the metaphor/metonymy distinction, and none concerning approximation. Here we used meticulously built materials to investigate the interpretation mechanisms of these three phenomena through timed sensicality judgments.…
Metaforu lietojums ziņu rakstos par 2016. gada ASV prezidenta vēlēšanām
2017
Bakalaura darbs ir veltīts metaforu lietojuma izmeklēšanai divu ASV laikrakstu (The Wall Street Journal un The New York Times) interneta vietnēs. Pētījums analizē konceptuālās metaforas lietojumu ziņu rakstos par 2016. ASV prezidenta vēlēšanām. Pētījuma mērķis ir izmeklēt konceptuālo metaforu nozīmi ASV prezidenta vēlēšanu konceptualizācijā. Pielietotā metode ir konceptuālo metaforu analīze. Apkopotie dati ļauj secināt, ka analizētajos rakstos koncetuālajām metaforām ir būtiska nozīme vēstījuma veidošanā.
A ‘Fortuitous’ Imagination. Josef Frank. Thirteen Fantasy Houses for Dagmar Grill
2017
Between 22 July and 15 August 1947 Josef Frank wrote thirteen letters to Dagmar Grill, cousin of his wife, met in 1914 in Stockholm. The letters contain several hypothesis for an ideal house to be built in Skargarden, an archipelago to the east of Stockholm, where Dagmar Grill lived. Every letter contains sketches and schemes for an imaginary house. The thirteen projects refer to identical functional needs, but differ each other in shape and size. Although they are “fantasy” houses, the sketches refer to a real imaginative exercise rather than to a simple figurative/compositional exercise.
Linguistic Prosody and Comprehension of Idioms and Proverbs in Subjects of School Age
2012
Abstract A crucial component of language is represented by the prosodic system because it provides essential elements to speaker about how a sentence should be interpreted or intended (Fodor, 2002). Increasing interest from researchers also relates to the understanding of figurative language (Levorato, & Cacciari, 2002). In the figures of speech that the speaker wants the listener intends something more or different than what is explicitly stated (Glucksberg, 2001). In particular, prosodic intonation is crucial in the resolution of syntactic ambiguity and structural features that constitute the complex messages, such as idioms and proverbs. A crucial component of language, therefore, is rep…