Search results for "Filament"

showing 10 items of 405 documents

The overproduction of 2,4-DTBP accompanying to the lack of available form of phosphorus during the biodegradative utilization of aminophosphonates by…

2014

Although information about the ability of some filamentous fungi to biodegrade organophosphonates is available, the knowledge about accompanying changes in fungal metabolism is very limited. The aim of our study was to determine the utilization of the chosen, structurally diverse aminophosphonates by Aspergillus terreus (Thom), in the context of the behaviour of this fungus while growing in unfavourable conditions, namely the lack of easily available phosphates. We found that all the studied compounds were utilized by fungus as nutritive sources of phosphorus, however, their effect on the production of fungal biomass depended on their structure. We also observed an interesting change in the…

Environmental EngineeringMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyOrganophosphonates2chemistry.chemical_elementBioengineeringContext (language use)FungusMicrobiologyGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryPhenolsEnvironmental ChemistryAspergillus terreus4-di-tert-butylphenolBiomassskin and connective tissue diseasesOverproductionbiologyPhosphorusfilamentous fungiPhosphorusMetabolismBiodegradationbiology.organism_classificationPollutionCulture MediaAspergillusBiodegradation EnvironmentalBiochemistrychemistryAspergillus terreusOrganophosphonatesphosphonate utilizationBiodegradation
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The role of EPS in the foaming and fouling for a MBR operated in intermittent aeration conditions

2016

Abstract This work investigates the causes of foaming and fouling in an Intermittent Aerated – Membrane BioReactor (IA-MBR) used for wastewater treatment. The experiment was divided into three periods with different aerated regimes expressed with different t aeration /t cycle ratio (Period I: 60 min/180 min, Period II: 80 min/180 min, Period III: 30 min/90 min). The advanced foaming tests used allow the study of the role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) on foaming and fouling. In general, in the Periods I and II, good correlations between the EPSs and the Modified Scum Index without purification (MSI 0 ) and the Foam Power were observed. The results shown that the filamentous mi…

Environmental EngineeringSegmented filamentous bacteriaBiomedical EngineeringEPS; Filamentous bacteria; Foaming; Fouling; IA-MBR; Biotechnology; Bioengineering; Environmental Engineering; Biomedical EngineeringBioengineering02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesMembrane bioreactor01 natural scienceslaw.inventionExtracellular polymeric substancelawFiltration0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEPS; Filamentous bacteria; Foaming; Fouling; IA-MBRIA-MBRSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleFoulingChemistryEnvironmental engineeringFouling021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPulp and paper industryFilamentous bacteriaMembraneSewage treatmentEPSAerationIA-MBR Filamentous bacteria Foaming Fouling EPS0210 nano-technologyFoamingBiotechnologyBiochemical Engineering Journal
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Effect of chemical and biological surfactants on activated sludge of MBR system: Microscopic analysis and foam test

2015

Abstract A bench-scale MBR unit was operated, under stressing condition, with the aim of stimulating the onset of foaming in the activated sludge. Possible synergies between synthetic surfactants in the wastewater and biological surfactants (Extra-Cellular Polymeric Substances, EPSs) were investigated by changing C/N ratio. The growth of filamentous bacteria was also discussed. The MBR unit provided satisfactory overall carbon removal overall efficiencies: in particular, synthetic surfactants were removed with efficiency higher than 90% and 95% for non-ionic and ionic surfactants, respectively. Lab investigation suggested also the importance to reduce synthetic surfactants presence entering…

Environmental EngineeringSegmented filamentous bacteriachemistry.chemical_elementBioengineeringFraction (chemistry)MBRSurface-Active AgentsInk testBiopolymersBioreactorsPulmonary surfactantFoam testSurfactantWaste Management and DisposalBiological Oxygen Demand AnalysisMicroscopyChromatographyBacteriaSewageSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleViscosityRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentMembranes ArtificialGeneral MedicineActivated sludgeWastewaterchemistryChemical engineeringCarbonFoamingBioresource Technology
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Small heat shock proteins and the cytoskeleton: an essential interplay for cell integrity?

2012

Abstract The cytoskeleton is a highly complex network of three major intracellular filaments, microfilaments (MFs), microtubules (MTs) and intermediate filaments (IFs). This network plays a key role in the control of cell shape, division, functions and interactions in animal organs and tissues. Dysregulation of the network can contribute to numerous human diseases. Although small HSPs (sHSPs) and in particular HSP27 (HSPB1) or αB-crystallin (HSPB5) display a wide range of cellular properties, they are mostly known for their ability to protect cells under stress conditions. Mutations in some sHSPs have been found to affect their ability to interact with cytoskeleton proteins, leading to IF a…

Epithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionIntermediate FilamentsVimentinmacromolecular substancesMicrofilamentBiochemistry03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHsp27MicrotubuleStress PhysiologicalHeat shock proteinNeoplasmsAnimalsHumansCytoskeletonIntermediate filament030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesbiologyGenetic Diseases InbornCell BiologyFibrosisCell biologyHeat-Shock Proteins SmallMutationbiology.proteinDesmin030217 neurology & neurosurgeryThe international journal of biochemistrycell biology
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Immunodetection of the microvillous cytoskeleton molecules villin and ezrin in the parasitophorous vacuole wall of Cryptosporidium parvum (Protozoa: …

1999

Microvilli - actin - villin - ezrin - Cryptosporidium parvum The sporozoites and merozoites of the Apicomplexan protozoan Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) invade the apical side of enterocytes and induce the formation of a parasitophorous vacuole which stays in the brush border area and disturbs the distribution of microvilli. The vacuole is separated from the apical cytoplasm of the cell by an electron-dense layer of undetermined composition. In order to characterize the enterocyte cytoskeleton changes that occur during C. parvum invasion and development, we used both confocal immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy to examine at the C.parvum-enterocyte interface the distributio…

Feces/microbiologyIntestines/parasitologyMicrofilament Proteins/ analysisVacuoleddc:616.07Actins/analysisRats Sprague-DawleyFecesMiceEzrinCarrier Proteins/ analysisCryptosporidium/ chemistry/pathogenicity/ultrastructureCytoskeletonMicroscopy ImmunoelectronCytoskeletonMice Inbred BALB CMicroscopy ConfocalbiologyMicrovilliMicrofilament ProteinsCytoskeleton/ chemistryGeneral MedicineCell biologyIntestinesCryptosporidium parvumFemaleVillinHistologyImmunoelectron microscopyVacuoles/ultrastructurePhosphoproteins/ analysisCryptosporidiummacromolecular substancesPathology and Forensic Medicineparasitic diseasesAnimalsApical cytoplasmActinCell Biologybiology.organism_classificationPhosphoproteinsActinsRatsMicrovilli/ chemistryCytoskeletal ProteinsMicroscopy ElectronVacuolesbiology.proteinCarrier ProteinsEuropean journal of cell biology
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Flexible ferromagnetic filaments and the interface with biology

2009

Flexible ferromagnetic filaments are studied both theoretically and experimentally. Two main deformation modes of the filament at magnetic field inversion are theoretically described and observed experimentally by using DNA-linked chains of ferromagnetic particles. Anomalous orientation of ferromagnetic filaments perpendicular to AC field with a frequency which is high enough is predicted and confirmed experimentally. By experimental studies of magnetotactic bacteria it is demonstrated how these properties of ferromagnetic filaments may be used to measure the flexibility of the chain of magnetosomes.

Ferromagnetic particleMagnetotactic bacteriaCondensed matter physicsMagnetosomeCondensed Matter PhysicsQuantitative Biology::Cell BehaviorElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesProtein filamentFerromagnetismPerpendicularCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsBrownian motionJournal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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The FBN2 gene: new mutations, locus-specific database (Universal Mutation Database FBN2), and genotype-phenotype correlations.

2009

International audience; Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is an extremely rare disease, due to mutations in the FBN2 gene encoding fibrillin-2. Another member of the fibrillin family, the FBN1 gene, is involved in a broad phenotypic continuum of connective-tissue disorders including Marfan syndrome. Identifying not only what is in common but also what differentiates these two proteins should enable us to better comprehend their respective functions and better understand the multitude of diseases in which these two genes are involved. In 1995 we created a locus-specific database (LSDB) for FBN1 mutations with the Universal Mutation Database (UMD) tool. To facilitate comparison of …

Fibrillin-2MESH : Polymorphism GeneticFibrillin-1DNA Mutational AnalysisMESH : Genotype[SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Geneticscomputer.software_genreMESH: Genotype0302 clinical medicineGenotypeDatabases GeneticMissense mutationCongenital contractural arachnodactylyMESH: DNA Mutational AnalysisGenetics (clinical)MESH: Databases GeneticRegulation of gene expressionGenetics0303 health sciencesDatabaseMESH : Gene Expression RegulationMicrofilament ProteinsPhenotypeMESH: Gene Expression RegulationBeals-Hecht syndrome3. Good healthINCMESH : PhenotypePhenotypeMESH : MutationFibrillinmusculoskeletal diseasesMESH: MutationGenotypeMESH : Microfilament Proteinsdatabase OFFICIAL JOURNAL wwwhgvsorg & 2008 WILEY-LISSLocus (genetics)fibrillinMESH : DNA Mutational AnalysisBiologyFibrillinsMESH: PhenotypeMESH: Sequence Homology Nucleic Acidcongenital contractural arachnodactyly03 medical and health sciencesMESH: Microfilament ProteinsSequence Homology Nucleic AcidMESH: Polymorphism GeneticGeneticsmedicineHumansMESH : Sequence Homology Nucleic AcidFBN2CCAMESH : Databases GeneticGene030304 developmental biology[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/GeneticsPolymorphism GeneticMESH: HumansMESH : Humansmedicine.diseaseGene Expression RegulationMutation[ SDV.GEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Geneticscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Mechanical testing and numerical modelling of pull-wound carbon-epoxy spinnaker poles

2002

The paper deals with experimental testing and numerical simulation of the mechanical behaviour of multi-layer cylindrical coupons, of two different diameters, made in carbon-epoxy composite. The aim of the study is to provide a simple and effective numerical model that can be used as a design tool for structural elements having analogous geometrical and manufacturing characteristics. The numerical analysis, performed in the elastic regime with a standard finite element (FE) code, was strongly correlated with the laboratory determination of fibre-volume fractions and of some elastic parameters of the material system. Other parameters, like the shear modulus values G, were in fact appropriate…

Filament windingMaterials scienceComputer simulationB. Mechanical propertieNumerical analysisGeneral EngineeringStiffnessEpoxyCarbon-epoxy compositeFinite element methodShear modulusEngineering (all)PultrusionC. FEAvisual_artCeramics and Compositesmedicinevisual_art.visual_art_mediummedicine.symptomComposite materialB. ModellingE. PultrusionComposites Science and Technology
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Thermal and rheological characterisation of a thermoset matrix for filament winding modelling

2004

Rheo-kinetic behaviour of an epoxy resin, coupled with an aliphatic polyamines hardener, used in fibre reinforced plastics, was analysed comparing experimental data to theoretical models. Then the modelling of technological filament winding process for thermoset matrix composites, developed through a numerical code realized with MATLAB, is reported. The model includes winding and curing phase decoupling the manufacturing process into sub-models. Four sub-models are used: fibre motion, thermal, kinetic and rheological model. Considerable differences are obtained in process condition, using several thermal treatments. The numerical modelling helps to detect the process conditions to optimise…

Filament windingMaterials scienceMetallic materialThermosetting polymer02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMatrix compositePsychiatry and Mental healthMatrix (mathematics)Settore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei Materiali020303 mechanical engineering & transportsNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychology0203 mechanical engineeringRheologyThermalFilament winding modellingComposite materialThermoset matrix0210 nano-technology
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Cultivable microorganisms associated with honeys of different geographical and botanical origin

2014

In this study, the composition of the cultivable microbial populations of 38 nectar honey and honeydew honey samples of different botanical and geographical origin were assessed. After growth in specific media, various colonies with different appearance were isolated and purified before phenotypic (morphological, physiological and biochemical traits) and genotypic [randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), repetitive DNA elements-PCR (rep-PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)] differentiation. The identification was carried out by 16S rRNA gene sequencing for bacteria and, in addition to RFLP, by sequencing the D1/D2 region of the 26S rRNA gene for yeasts and the 5.8S-IT…

Filamentous fungiBacillus amyloliquefaciensMicroorganismCulture-dependent approachFlowersMicrobiologyYeastsBotanyGenotypeNectarBacteria; Culture-dependent approach; Filamentous fungi; Honey; Molecular characterisation; Yeasts; Bacteria; Discriminant Analysis; Flowers; Fungi; Geography; Honey; YeastsbiologyBacteriaGeographyHoney Microorganisms botanical originsFungiDiscriminant AnalysisHoneyRibosomal RNAbiology.organism_classificationRAPDMolecular characterisationRestriction fragment length polymorphismBacteriaFood ScienceSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia Agraria
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