Search results for "Filament"

The human fascin gene promoter is highly active in mature dendritic cells due to a stage-specific enhancer.

2003

Abstract Dendritic cells (DC), regarded as the most efficient APCs of the immune system, are capable of activating naive T cells. Thus, DC are primary targets in immunotherapy. However, little is known about gene regulation in DC, and for efficient transcriptional targeting of human DC, a suitable promoter is still missing. Recently, we successfully used the promoter of the murine actin-bundling protein fascin to transcriptionally target DC by DNA vaccination in mice. In this study, we report on isolation of the human fascin promoter and characterization of its regulatory elements. The actively expressed gene was distinguished from a conserved inactive genomic locus and a continuous region …

Presence of nucleosomes inPenicillium chrysogenum

1987

We have studied the chromatin structure ofPenicillium chrysogenum. This fungus presents the typical nucleosomal repeat and the core DNA size characteristic of all the eukaryotes. The repeat length (about 180 base pairs) is in the range of those obtained for most fungi (160–180 base pairs) and shorter than in higher eukaryotes. Knowledge aboutP. chrysogenum chromatin structure opens the way to the study of the mechanisms of genetic regulation in this filamentous fungus.

Intermediate Filament Diseases: Desminopathy

2008

Desminopathy is one of the most common intermediate filament human disorders associated with mutations in closely interacting proteins, desmin and alphaB-crystallin. The inheritance pattern in familial desminopathy is characterized as autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive, but many cases have no family history. At least some and likely most sporadic desminopathy cases are associated with de novo DES mutations. The age of disease onset and rate of progression may vary depending on the type of inheritance and location of the causative mutation. Typically, the illness presents with lower and later upper limb muscle weakness slowly spreading to involve truncal, neck-flexor, facial and bulba…

High osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signalling in Magnaporthe oryzae: Identification of MoYPD1 and its role in osmoregulation, fungicide action, and patho…

2015

AbstractThis study comprises a first functional analysis of an YPD1-homologue in filamentous phytopathogenic fungi and its role in the HOG signalling pathway. We generated a gene deletion mutant of the gene MoYPD1 in Magnaporthe oryzae and characterized the resulting mutant strain. We have shown that MoYpd1p is a component of the phosphorelay system acting in the HOG pathway due to its Y2H protein interaction with the HKs MoHik1p and MoSln1p as well as with the response regulator MoSsk1p. Fungicidal activity of fludioxonil was reported to be based on the inhibition of MoHik1p resulting in hyperactivation of the HOG signalling pathway and lethality. Western analysis proved that both, osmotic…

Involvement of actin-containing microfilaments in HSV-induced cytopathology and the influence of inhibitors of glycosylation.

1986

Two and a half hours after infection with a high dose of different strains of HSV-1 which induce rounding of cells, breakdown of actin containing microfilaments can be observed. At the periphery of the cell, actin containing knob-like protuberances were visible. Later on, actin seems to be located exclusively on the surface of cells. Observations were done by immunofluorescence microscopy, scanning electron-microscopy and immunoperoxidase staining of ultrathin sections. The envelope of HSV appears to be stained by anti-actin. Strain IES produces rounding of cells at a high dose of infection before fusion proceeds at 37 degrees C. Similar alterations were not observed with the fusing strains…

Impact of different texture of polypropylene mesh on the inflammatory response.

2008

Tracing keratin evolution: catalog, expression patterns and primary structure of shark (Scyliorhinus stellaris) keratins.

1998

We have studied individual keratins of an elasmobranch, the shark Scyliorhinus stellaris (the lesser-spotted dogfish). From various shark tissues, notably skin and stomach, cytoskeletal proteins were isolated and then separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Using complementary keratin blot-binding assays and immunoblotting, among these proteins we identified a variety of type I and type II keratins. According to their tissue-specific expression, we distinguished Is and IIs keratins from IE and IIE keratins ("S" and "E" from "simple epithelial" and "epidermal", respectively). Guinea pig antibodies which in immunoblots specifically labeled the entire range of identifi…

Distribution patterns of vimentin-immunoreactive structures in the human prosencephalon during the second half of gestation.

1999

Neuronal migration is guided by long radially oriented glial fibres. During late stages of development radial glial cells are transformed into astrocytes. A predominant intermediate filament protein within radial glial cells and immature astrocytes is vimentin. In this study fetal brain sections were used to demonstrate the transient features of vimentin-positive radial glia. In the lower half of the cerebral wall of the 6th gestational month bundles, curvature, and crossing of vimentin-positive fibres are regularly seen. Moreover, fibres terminating on vessels are observed. In the upper half fibres are radially oriented; when ascending towards the pial surface the number and diameter of fi…

Analysis of NO synthase expression in neuronal, astroglial and fibroblast-like derivatives differen-tiating from PCC7-Mzl embryonic carcinoma cells

1999

We studied the expression of the NO synthase isoforms in an in vitro model of neural development using RT-PCR, Western blot and immu- nohistochemistry. Murine PCC7-Mzl cells (Jostock et al., Eur. J. Cell Biol. 76, 63–76,1998) differentiate in the presence of all-trans retinoic acid and dibutyryl cAMP along the neural pathway into neuron-like, fibroblast-like and astroglia-like cells. Undifferentiated cells showed immunofluorescent staining for neuronal-type NOSI and endothelial- type NOS III. This expression pattern was retained in those cells differ entiating into neurofilament- and tau protein-positive neuronal cells. Thymocyte alloantigen (Thyl.2/CD 90.2)-positive Fibroblasts, appearing …

Vimentin and desmin of a cartilaginous fish, the shark Scyliorhinus stellaris: Sequence, expression patterns and in vitro assembly

2002

In the shark Scyliorhinus stellaris we have biochemically identified and cDNA-cloned orthologs of human vimentin and desmin, SstV and SstD, as deduced from immunoblotting and sequence alignment with teleost, frog and human vimentin and desmin, respectively. This allowed us to further clarify the relationship of previously identified lower vertebrate intermediate filament proteins to mammalian vimentin and desmin. Immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies H5 and VIM13.2 showed vimentin expression in shark eye and brain and absence in epithelia, which resembles the situation in higher vertebrates. In addition, SstV is expressed in many mesenchymal cell types which corresponds to the case …