Search results for "Filosofia della Scienza"

L'ordine nascosto. Natura e armonia all'origine del pensiero filosofico e scientifico

2007

Pattern-Recognition: a Foundational Approach

2015

This paper aims at giving a contribution to the ongoing attempt to turn the theory of pattern-recognition into a rigorous science. In this article we address two problems which lie at the foundations of pattern-recognition theory: (i) What is a pattern? and (ii) How do we come to know patterns? In so doing much attention will be paid to tracing a non-arbitrary connection between (i) and (ii), a connection which will be ultimately based on considerations relating to Darwin’s theory of evolution.

Object, Structure, and Form

2012

The main task of this paper is to develop the non-Platonist view of mathematics as a science of structures I have called, borrowing the label from Putnam, `realism with the human face'. According to this view, if by `object' we mean what exists independently of whether we are thinking about it or not, mathematics is a science of patterns (structures), where patterns are neither objects nor properties of objects, but aspects (or aspects of aspects, etc.) of concrete objects which dawn on us when we represent objects (or aspects of... within a given system (of representation). Mathematical patterns, therefore, are real, because they ultimately depend on concrete objects, but are neither objec…

L’oggettività nelle teorie scientifiche rispetto alle pratiche del “discorso dominante” in Foucault

2022

The correspondence theory of truth can be arranged in such a way as to contain aspects of a “molecular” holism, in which background knowledge is linked but kept distinct from the content of the single proposition. Within this perspective, a proposition can still be a “representation” of a fact, always approximate and renegotiable, which nonetheless highlights the structure of the state of affairs in order to also illuminate the molecular group of states of affairs, of finite number, connected to the fact. Theories describe or represent real aspects of the world, but these aspects can always be analyzed in more depth, and they are never definitive, similar to the different levels of reality …

Productive Ambiguity in Mathematics

2011

According to E. Grosholz, there is a phenomenon called `productive ambiguity' which plays a very important role in mathematics, and the sciences, because it is instrumental to the resolution of many open questions. The main task of this paper is that of assessing Grosholz's claim with regard to mathematics.

Fuzziness, Cognition and Cybernetics: a historical perspective

2015

In the present paper, we connect some old reflections about the relationships existing between the theory of fuzzy sets and cybernetics with modern, contemporary analyses of the crucial (better: unavoidable) role that fuzziness plays in the attempts at scientifically describing aspects of information sciences. The connection, which has a basic conceptual origin, has been triggered also by the recent 50th anniversary of Norbert Wiener’s death which has been instrumental in looking again at some crucial aspects of the birth of information sciences in the midst of the last century. Fuzzy sets are an essential part of this revolution and share all the innovations as well as the difficulties of …

Il Futuro Prossimo delle Scienze Cognitive

2015

Having the final say: Machine support of ethical decisions of doctors

2015

Machines that support highly complex decisions of doctors have been a reality of r almost half a century. In the 1950s. computer-supported medical diag­ nostic systems started with "punched cru·ds in a shoe box". In the 1960s :md 1970s medicine wa�. to a cenain extent, transfo rmed into a quantitative science by inten­ sive i nt erdisc ip linary research coUaborations o f exp erts fi·om medicine. mathemat­ ics and electrical engineering; This was followed by a second shift in research on machine support of medical decisions from numerical probabilistic to knowledge basedapproaches. Solutions ofthe later form cameto be known as (medic;ll) expert systems, knowledge based systems research o•· …

L'Opinion Mining nelle Scienze Cognitive: espressione dei sentimenti e reti sociali

2015

Future is where concepts, theories and applications meet (also in fuzzy logic)

2015

No one knows where the future lies, and the idea of serendipity in science is now raised to something of a tropism. This does not impede our will to predict, if not the exact events, at least the short–term trends in the disciplines we live and breathe, and to point at the (subjective) glaring chances for a bright future. This volume is a clear example of the need that any living scientific discipline has for constant regrouping and redirection, in a never–ending process of consolidating results and finding new paths. In this contribution we will try and focus on a number of areas of fuzzy logic and, by extension, in the whole word of uncertainty, where (in our opinion) a number of interest…