Search results for "Filosofia"
showing 10 items of 3860 documents
Mirror neurons : physiological requirement for emotional empathy and social and moral behaviour of human and nonhuman primates
2018
Fil: Claramonte Sanz, Vicente. Universitat de València. Departament de Filosofia. Área de Lògica i Filosofia de la Ciència; España. Claramonte Sanz, V. (2018). Las neuronas espejo: presupuesto fisiológico de la empatía emocional y de las conductas sociales y morales en primates humanos y no humanos. Metatheoria, 8(2), 15-22. A partir de la evidencia científica y los análisis debidos a los estudios de investigadores como Rizzolatti, Sinigaglia, Galle-se, Goldman, Iacoboni, etc., este artículo argumenta que el vínculo entre neuronas espejo y empatía emocional resulta corroborado por los estudios de Neurociencia sobre la actividad perceptiva y las reacciones emocionales. En particular, con las…
Abstract. Towards a Theory of Cognitive Responsibility: Action, Perception and Normativity from Plato to Searle.
2011
The talk articulates the normative commitments allowing us to consider perceptual experience as a form of knowledge - that is, as a form of the human activity situated in the normative space of reason of which we can be held responsible. More specifically, John Searle's characterization of the logical structure of perceptual experiences as causally selfreferential intentional states can be developed into an account of the causal and normative-intentional aspects of experience, the genealogy of which can be traced back to Plato's Theaetetus and Meno. In these dialogues, in fact, a picture of experience as "knowledge" seems to be based on a specific "reasoning about the cause" as the specific…
The Gender of the Cartesian Mind, Body, and Mind-Body Union
2019
The chapter examines what we can know about gender from the perspective of the three primary notions introduced by Descartes in his correspondence with Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia. The first section discusses how the primitive notion of the mind strengthens the idea that “the mind has no sex”, an idea that was further developed by the Cartesian and early feminist François Poulain de la Barre. The next section focuses on the notion of the body and analyses what Descartes has to say about gender in his anatomical writings. The little known posthumously published notes Primae cogitationes circa generationem animalium receive particular attention. Here Descartes assumes a difference between t…
What can the concept of affective scaffolding do for us?
2020
The concept of affective scaffolding designates the various ways in which we manipulate the environment to influence our affective lives. In this article, I present a constructive critique of recent discussion on affective scaffolding. In Part 1, I summarize how the theories of situated mind and niche construction contribute to a multidimensional notion of scaffolding. In Part 2, I focus specifically on affective scaffolding and argue that current ambiguity over its distinctive criteria causes uncertainty as to how the concept can and should be used. In Part 3, I identify and examine two possible responses to the suggested state of conceptual ambiguity. The first, restrictive option is to k…
Fuzziness, Cognition and Cybernetics: an outlook on future
2015
In the present paper, we connect some old reflections about the relationships existing between the theory of fuzzy sets and cybernetics with modern, contemporary analyses of the crucial (better: unavoidable) role that fuzziness plays in the attempts at scientifically describing aspects of information sciences. The connection, which has a basic conceptual origin, has been triggered also by the recent 50th anniversary of Norbert Wiener’ death which has been instrumental in looking again at some crucial aspects of the birth of information sciences in the midst of last Century. Fuzzy sets are an essential part of this revolution and share all the innovations as well as the difficulties of this …
Seeking for the Grasp : An Iterative Subdivision Model of Conceptualisation
2019
Concepts are fundamental collective constructs of individual items that are capable of abstracting meaningfully homogeneous groupings of phenomena. This capability is a prerequisite for communication and action and gives structure to learning and memory. Our study is aligned with the vast paradigm that assumes embodied cognition, rooted in Merleau-Ponty (Phenomenology of perception (trans: C. Smith). Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1962), seminally articulated by Varela et al. (Embodied mind: cognitive science and human experience. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1991) and existing today in a number of variants that have been reviewed by Wilson (Six views of embodied cognition. Springer. Psycho…
Il bisogno di storie. Cognizione,narrazione, autobiografia.
2018
Gli uomini da sempre sono coinvolti in pratiche narrative. L'articolo discute questa attitudine al raccontare storie mettendola in relazione al bisogno cognitivo da cui nasce. E proponendo di collegarla alla necessita cognitiva di costruire un racconto coerente della nostra storia: la nostra autobiografia.
ENSO IV - Book of Abstracts
2015
The conference addresses questions about the formation, persistence, change and collapse of social-institutional reality; the nature of collective intentionality; the ontogenesis of the capacity for interaction; team reasoning and distributed cognition; collective decision-making; collective responsibility; political power and social change; the role of language in the construction of social and institutional reality; institutional and social normativity; group membership and group identity; the logical and normative structure of cooperation; the psychological and conceptual mechanisms underlying the emergence of social interaction and collective agency; the nature of duties and rights buil…
Intenzionalità collettiva, ontologia sociale e mindreading
2014
In his Collective Intentions and Actions John Searle argued that having a preintentional sense of others as at least potentially cooperative agents “like me” is a necessary condition of collective intentionality. He also argued, in Rationality in Action, that understanding others qua intentional agents necessarily presupposes rationality because rational constraints are built into the logical structure of intentional phenomena. In this paper we will try to specify further these claims in the light of current debate on mindreading, where other-understanding is spelled out either in terms of automatic, subpersonal simulative mechanisms, or in terms of normative, rational principles. We will a…
Collective Intentionality, Language, and Normativity: A Problem and a Possible Solution for the Analysis of Cooperation
2015
In this paper I discuss Searle's analysis of social ontology in the light of his account of the sources of normativity as rooted in the logical structure of language. I conclude that, though his theory of normativity may appear to be inconsistent with his theory collective intentionality, it is really our Background sense of the other that creates a sense of community even before the actual functioning of collective intentionality and language, thereby escaping the dilemma between individualism and collectivism.