Search results for "Finances"

Localisation et endogénéité des structures d'échanges

2003

We develop a model that investigates how strategically interacting firms share a given set of spatially separated markets. We show that, for intermediate values of transport costs, the spatial distribution of firms determines the structure of interregional trade, which in return influences this distribution. Our results highlight the strong and circular link between the spatial distribution of economic activities and the endogenous structure of trade. Further, they suggest that agglomeration of firms is not necessarily incompatible with high values of transport costs. (FRE)

Educacion y agricultura a tiempo parcial

1986

The aim of this paper is to describe the phenomenon of part-time agriculture in the contemporany Spain, and to present a model explaining the allocation of farmers' work time between various activities. In the theorical framework developped here the work decisions are determined by the caractéristics of the agricultural production process, by the farmer's comparative advantage to participate in the labor market, and the amount of his stock of human capital. The empirical verification of the model is based on 1982 provincial data wich allow us to define two complementary indices of farmers' labor supply.

El papel del capital humano en la agricultura espanola

1986

International audience; El objetivo de este artfculo es paner en evidencia los ejectas del capital humano en la agricultura espanola. Para ella se desarroi/an dos tests econométricos complementarios. El primera examina la influencia de la educacion formai del jeje de la explotacion sobre el nivel tecnologico de su proceso de produccion, para determinar en qué medida el capital humano permite obtener una organizacion de los recursos tai que el producto realizado sea mdxi mo. El segundo test tiene porfinalidad mostrar en que medida la educaci6n contribuye a reducirlos errores de produccion y perm ile al empresario elegir una combinaci6n de jactores tales que minimicen su coste de produccion.L…

Disparités régionales et interactions spatiales dans l'Europe élargie.

2006

Una estimacion de la funcion de produccion ces generalizada mutivariante

1980

International audience; La función de producción CES generalizada ha sido ya objeto de numerosos trabajos econométricos. Pero hay que senalar que el econometra se ha centrado principalmente en resolyer el problema bidimensional clasico, capital-trabajo, sin abordar el caso multidimensional de esta relacion técnica, a excepcion, sin embargo, de los trabajos de generalizacion del anaIisis de transformadon de BOX y COX ( 1 ). El método que proponemos aqui es una extension multivariante del procedimiento de KMENTA (2), que exige la introduccion de restricciones no lineales implicitas en los. parametros de la forma estructural del mo4elo, con el fin de garantizar las cofidiciones de identificaci…

A Chalcedonian Debt: Observations about the Attempts to Redress the Athenian Fiscal Policy (411-407)

2022

Thucydides and Xenophon report several Athenian fundraisings in Ionia between 411 and 407. For one of them, Xenophon uses the term phoros and specifies that a backlog was due. However, the Athenians had abolished the tribute in 413 and replaced it with eikoste, a tax of one-twentieth on maritime trade. This article proposes to reexamine this well-known historical problem of the phoros reinstatement considering it through the prism of the debt in a contextualized study which leads to reassert, among others, that several tax systems were coexisting.

L’effectivité du discours du banquier central sur la conjoncture

2015

International audience; Ce chapitre s’interroge sur les raisons de la montée en puissance de la politique de communication des banques centrales, notamment celle de la BCE. Nous commençons par présenter les arguments mis en avant par la théorie économique standard, qui justifie à la fois l’indépendance des Banques Centrales (à l’égard du pouvoir politique) et le « gouvernement des anticipations » des agents économiques. Les thèmes de la transparence, de la crédibilité et de l’indépendance ont été associés au cours des années 1980, aboutissant à la nécessité de mettre en place des banquiers centraux « conservateurs », c’est-à-dire hostiles à l’inflation. Cette littérature a influencé les pra…

Profils institutionnels : une base de données sur les caractéristiques institutionnelles de pays en développement, en transition et développés

2004

National audience

What have we learnt about board gender diversity as a business strategy? The appointment of board subcommittees

2018

This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: What have we learnt about board gender diversity as a business strategy? The appointment of board subcommittees, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2226. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This paper explores whether a board's gender diversity influences the voluntary formation of its board subcommittees. Female board directorship may become a business strategy for firms if it affects the appointment of board subcommittees. We hypothesize that the voluntary creation of board subcommittees is affe…

A Reconsideration of the Role of Forward-Market Arbitrage in Keynes’s and Hicks’s Theories of the Term Structure of Interest Rates

2014

International audience; This paper develops the relationship between Hicks’s and Keynes’s writings on the theory of the term structure of interest rates, and shows in detail how Hicks built on and extended Keynes’s account. According to this theory, the level of the long-term interest rate is determined by expectations of future short-term rates. Keynes’s thinking contained several notions – such as the preferred habitat of lenders, the theory of forward markets, and risk-premiums – which Hicks used to give a more complete theory of the term structure of interest rates. Besides implementing these notions in his own theory, Hicks introduced the concepts of the preferred habitat of borrowers,…