Search results for "Fishes"
showing 10 items of 319 documents
Identification of lipophilic pollutants discharged from a Finnish pulp and paper mill.
1998
Lipophilic organic compounds originating from kraft pulping and papermaking were identified by straight gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses. Samples analyzed included a primary clarifier effluent (PE) and a secondary clarifier effluent (SE) from the activated sludge treatment plant of a Finnish ECF-bleached (Elementally Chlorine Free) kraft pulp and paper mill. Liquid-liquid extraction composition of PE was compared with solid phase extraction (SPE) and dialysis of a semipermeable membrane device (SPMD) exposed to PE. Dichloromethane extracts of particulate material isolated from PE, sludges from both the primary and secondary clarifier, a sediment collected in the vicinit…
Fish community responses to pulp and paper mill effluents at the southern Lake Saimaa, Finland.
2002
Abstract The fish community in sublittoral and profundal waters, at stony shores, and densities of vendace larvae were studied in the southern Lake Saimaa, Finland. The objective was to investigate the possible recovery of fish populations after modernizations at the pulp and paper mills discharging into the lake. Sublittoral and profundal waters were studied by gill net trial fishings, stony shores by electrofishing, and vendace larvae by beach seine. The research area was divided in a polluted (0.5–4.0% effluent), an intermediate (0.1–0.5%) and a ‘clean’ reference area. The fish community in sublittoral and profundal waters in the lake was dominated (>60%) by perch and roach. Relative abu…
The capacity of liver microsomes to form benzo[a]pyrene-diolepoxide-DNA adducts and induction of cytochrome P450 1A in feral fish exposed to pulp mil…
1996
An investigation was made of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) induction, determined by the activity of EROD (7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase), and formation of benzo[a]pyrene-diolepoxide-DNA (BPDE-DNA) adducts, measured by synchronous fluorescence spectrophotometry, in liver microsomes of perch (Perca fluviatilis), bream (Abramis brama), and roach (Rutilus rutilus). Fish were collected from the southern part of Lake Saimaa (Finland), an area polluted by effluents from the pulp and paper industry. In addition, two conjugation enzymes (UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and glutathione S-transferase) were determined. Overall, when compared to an upstream reference, EROD activity was higher in fish at waters…
Effects of Acute Handling Stress on Whitefish Coregonus lavaretus After Prolonged Exposure to Biologically Treated and Untreated Bleached Kraft Mill …
2000
Exposure of fish to water of impaired quality has been shown to disrupt the function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis and alter the interpretation of data from field studies due to the varying effects of handling and delayed sampling on exposed and reference animals. In the present study, juvenile whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus, were exposed for 6 weeks to diluted (4-8%) untreated and biologically treated bleached kraft mill effluent (BKME) and their response to acute handling was investigated. Liver microsomal EROD activity and glycogen phosphorylase (GPase) activity, in addition to gill Na+-K+-ATPase activity, and blood hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were increased in …
Host searching in Argulus foliaceus L. (Crustacea: Branchiura): the role of vision and selectivity.
1998
In laboratory experiments, the swimming behaviour of the ectoparasite Argulus foliaceus and its infection rates on juvenile perch (Perca fluviatilis) and roach (Rutilus rutilus) were examined. The highest infection rate and a preference for perch juveniles were obtained in darkness, the lowest infection rate and a lack of preference in the light, when aquaria with glass walls (high reflectivity) were used. In the light, when aquaria were lined with black plastic (low reflectivity) an intermediate level of infection for perch and the highest for roach was recorded. Under such conditions roach were significantly more heavily infected than perch; an attack rate 4 times greater was recorded for…
Pesticide residues in Lake Albufera, Valencia, Spain.
1987
Abstract Analysis of water samples from the lake in Albufera, Valencia, indicates that the pesticides molinate, benthiocarb, and fenitrothion do not reach levels that are lethal to fish.
Bacteriophage Resistance Affects Flavobacterium columnare Virulence Partly via Mutations in Genes Related to Gliding Motility and the Type IX Secreti…
2021
Increasing problems with antibiotic resistance have directed interest toward phage therapy in the aquaculture industry. However, phage resistance evolving in target bacteria is considered a challenge. To investigate how phage resistance influences the fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare, two wild-type bacterial isolates, FCO-F2 and FCO-F9, were exposed to phages (FCO-F2 to FCOV-F2, FCOV-F5, and FCOV-F25, and FCO-F9 to FCL-2, FCOV-F13, and FCOV-F45), and resulting phenotypic and genetic changes in bacteria were analyzed. Bacterial viability first decreased in the exposure cultures but started to increase after 1 to 2 days, along with a change in colony morphology from original rhizoid to …
Phage Specificity of the Freshwater Fish Pathogen Flavobacterium columnare
2011
ABSTRACT Flavobacteria and their phages were isolated from Finnish freshwaters and fish farms. Emphasis was placed on finding phages infecting the fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare for use as phage therapy agents. The host ranges of the flavobacterial phages varied, phages infecting F. columnare being more host specific than the other phages.
Mycotoxin Incidence in Some Fish Products: QuEChERS Methodology and Liquid Chromatography Linear Ion Trap Tandem Mass Spectrometry Approach
2019
The inclusion of vegetal raw materials in feed for fish farming has increased the risk of mycotoxin occurrence in feed, as well as in edible tissues from fish fed with contaminated feed, due to the carry-over to muscle portions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of 15 mycotoxins in processed fish products, which are commonly consumed, such as smoked salmon and trout, different types of sushi, and gula substitutes. A QuEChERS method was employed to perform the mycotoxin extraction from fish samples. For mycotoxin identification and quantitation, the selected technique was the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry linear ion trap (LC-MS/MS-LIT). Sm…
Collision with and avoidance of obstacles by blind cave fish Anoptichthys jordani (Characidae).
1985
Blind Mexican cave fish (Anoptichthys jordani) were released into unknown surroundings and their swimming tracks were recorded. During the first 24 h in a new tank, i.e., in unfamiliar environments, the average swimming velocity of the fish was higher than during the remaining time in the tank. Collision with obstacles was recorded by an electrical contact detection method. Single frame analysis of video-recordings revealed that collision can be correlated with tail movements when the fish is close to an obstacle, whereas avoidance correlates with gliding during approach to an obstacle. These behavior patterns are discussed in the context of the flow field hypothesis and inhibition of the l…