Search results for "Fluid Dynamic"

showing 10 items of 1034 documents

Coupling of heat flux and vortex polarization in superfluid helium

2020

We consider a macroscopic description of the mutual influence between heat flux and vortex polarization in superfluid helium, in which the vortices produce a lateral deviation of the heat flux, and the heat flux produces a lateral drift of vortices. This coupling is a consequence of a microscopic Magnus force and mutual friction force between the vortices and the flow of excitations carrying the heat. We keep track of these effects with simplified macroscopic equations, and we apply them to second sound propagation between rotating concentric cylinders and to spatial distribution of polarization across a rectangular channel with vortices polarized orthogonally to the channel in the presence…

PhysicsFriction force010102 general mathematicsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMechanicsPolarization (waves)01 natural sciencesVortexPhysics::Fluid DynamicsHeat fluxCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesSecond soundConcentric cylinder010307 mathematical physicsMagnus effect0101 mathematicsMathematical PhysicsSuperfluid helium-4Journal of Mathematical Physics
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Shapes of a gas bubble rising in the vertical Hele–Shaw cell with magnetic liquid

2005

Abstract Dynamics of the bubble rising in the vertical Hele–Shaw cell with magnetic liquid in the normal magnetic field is studied. Linear stability analysis of the circular shape is carried out. Development of the instability with respect to the lowest symmetric mode is simulated by the boundary integral equation technique.

PhysicsGas bubbleBubbleMechanicsCondensed Matter PhysicsInstabilityIntegral equationElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterPhysics::Fluid DynamicsBoundary integral equationsClassical mechanicsHele-Shaw flowLinear stabilityJournal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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Unsteady turbulence in plane channel flow

2011

Abstract Direct numerical simulations were conducted for oscillating flow with zero time mean (reciprocating flow) in a plane channel subject to a harmonic forcing term of varying amplitude and frequency. The results confirmed the existence of four flow regimes (laminar, “disturbed laminar”, intermittently turbulent, and fully turbulent) depending on the above parameters. The flow behaviour was found to depend on the complex interplay of mean and turbulence quantities, as described by the closed loop formed by the streamwise Reynolds-averaged momentum equation in conjunction with the exact transport equations for the turbulent (Reynolds) stresses. A crucial role in this loop appeared to be …

PhysicsGeneral Computer ScienceTurbulenceChézy formulaK-epsilon turbulence modelUnsteady turbulence Channel flow Direct Numerical Simulation Turbulence BudgetGeneral EngineeringTurbulence modelingLaminar flowK-omega turbulence modelMechanicsOpen-channel flowPhysics::Fluid DynamicsClassical mechanicsTurbulence kinetic energySettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariComputers & Fluids
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Generalized Buckley–Leverett theory for two-phase flow in porous media

2011

Hysteresis and fluid entrapment pose unresolved problems for the theory of flow in porous media. A generalized macroscopic mixture theory for immiscible two-phase displacement in porous media (Hilfer 2006b Phys. Rev. E 73 016307) has introduced percolating and nonpercolating phases. It is studied here in an analytically tractable hyperbolic limit. In this limit a fractional flow formulation exists, that resembles the traditional theory. The Riemann problem is solved analytically in one dimension by the method of characteristics. Initial and boundary value problems exhibit shocks and rarefaction waves similar to the traditional Buckley-Leverett theory. However, contrary to the traditional th…

PhysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyMechanicsPhysics::Fluid DynamicsMixture theorysymbols.namesakeRiemann problemMethod of characteristicsBuckley–Leverett equationsymbolsTwo-phase flowBoundary value problemPorous mediumDisplacement (fluid)New Journal of Physics
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A thermodynamic approach to the T-models

2021

The perfect fluid solutions admitting a group G$_3$ of isometries acting on orbits S$_2$ whose curvature has a gradient which is tangent to the fluid flow (T-models) are studied from a thermodynamic approach. All the admissible thermodynamic schemes are obtained, and the solutions compatible with the generic ideal gas equation of state are studied in detail. The possible physical interpretation of some previously known T-models is also analyzed.

PhysicsGroup (mathematics)Fluid dynamicsTangentFOS: Physical sciencesPerfect fluidGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)CurvatureGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyMathematical physicsInterpretation (model theory)
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Anomalous dynamics triggered by a non-convex equation of state in relativistic flows

2017

The non-monotonicity of the local speed of sound in dense matter at baryon number densities much higher than the nuclear saturation density ($n_0 \approx 0.16\,$fm$^{-3}$) suggests the possible existence of a non-convex thermodynamics which will lead to a non-convex dynamics. Here, we explore the rich and complex dynamics that an equation of state (EoS) with non-convex regions in the pressure-density plane may develop as a result of genuinely relativistic effects, without a classical counterpart. To this end, we have introduced a phenomenological EoS, whose parameters can be restricted heeding to causality and thermodynamic stability constraints. This EoS shall be regarded as a toy-model wi…

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)010308 nuclear & particles physicsEquation of state (cosmology)Plane (geometry)Nuclear TheoryFluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsPhysics - Fluid DynamicsApprox01 natural sciencesCausality (physics)Complex dynamicsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceSpeed of sound0103 physical sciencesBaryon numberAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaRelativistic quantum chemistry010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Mathematical physics
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Low angular momentum flow model for Sgr A*

2012

We examine the low angular momentum flow model for Sgr A* using two-dimensional hydrodynamical calculations based on the parameters of the specific angular momentum and total energy estimated in the recent analysis of stellar wind of nearby stars around Sgr A*. The accretion flow with the plausible parameters is non-stationary and an irregularly oscillating shock is formed in the inner region of a few tens to a hundred and sixty Schwarzschild radii. Due to the oscillating shock, the luminosity and the mass-outflow rate are modulated by several per cent to a factor of 5 and a factor of 2-7, respectively, on time-scales of an hour to ten days. The flows are highly advected and the radiative e…

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Angular momentumParticle physicsShock (fluid dynamics)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaRotational transitionFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsSpecific relative angular momentumAccretion (astrophysics)LuminosityTotal angular momentum quantum numberAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaSchwarzschild radiusAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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The termination region of high-mass microquasar jets

2011

The environment of high-mass X-ray binaries can be characterized either by the SNR that forms these systems, or by the wind from the companion massive star. These regions should be tenuous but very hot, and surrounded by a dense and cold shocked ISM shell. The interaction between the jet and such a complex medium, also affected by the system proper motion, can lead to very different jet termination structures. The evolution of the jet termination regions during the life of a high-mass microquasar is simulated to improve the present understanding of these structures. Also, the evolving emission characteristics are modeled to inform potential observational campaigns for this class of object. …

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Jet (fluid)Proper motionShock (fluid dynamics)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsThrustAstrophysics01 natural sciencesWavelength13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary ScienceSpeed of sound0103 physical sciencesPeculiar velocityEjectaAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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On the dynamic efficiency of internal shocks in magnetized relativistic outflows

2009

We study the dynamic efficiency of conversion of kinetic-to-thermal/magnetic energy of internal shocks in relativistic magnetized outflows. We model internal shocks as being caused by collisions of shells of plasma with the same energy flux and a non-zero relative velocity. The contact surface, where the interaction between the shells takes place, can break up either into two oppositely moving shocks (in the frame where the contact surface is at rest), or into a reverse shock and a forward rarefaction. We find that for moderately magnetized shocks (magnetization $\sigma\simeq 0.1$), the dynamic efficiency in a single two-shell interaction can be as large as 40%. Thus, the dynamic efficiency…

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Magnetic energyShock (fluid dynamics)Equation of state (cosmology)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaRelative velocityEnergy fluxRarefactionFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsPlasmaComputational physicsLorentz factorsymbols.namesakeSpace and Planetary SciencesymbolsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Derivation of transient relativistic fluid dynamics from the Boltzmann equation

2012

In this work we present a general derivation of relativistic fluid dynamics from the Boltzmann equation using the method of moments. The main difference between our approach and the traditional 14-moment approximation is that we will not close the fluid-dynamical equations of motion by truncating the expansion of the distribution function. Instead, we keep all terms in the moment expansion. The reduction of the degrees of freedom is done by identifying the microscopic time scales of the Boltzmann equation and considering only the slowest ones. In addition, the equations of motion for the dissipative quantities are truncated according to a systematic power-counting scheme in Knudsen and inve…

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy Physicsta114Nuclear TheoryDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)Lattice Boltzmann methodsEquations of motionFOS: Physical sciencesMethod of moments (statistics)Plasma modelingBoltzmann equationNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Physics::Fluid DynamicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyClassical mechanicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Direct simulation Monte CarloKnudsen number
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