Search results for "Fluids"

showing 10 items of 1936 documents

Teleportation-induced correlated quantum channels.

2009

Quantum teleportation of a n-qubit state performed using as entangled resource a general bipartite state of 2n qubits instead of n Bell states is equivalent to a correlated Pauli channel. This provides a new characterization of such channels in terms of many-body correlation functions of the teleporting media. Our model is then generalized to the Continuous Variable case. We show that this new representation provides a relatively simple method for determining whether a correlated quantum channel is able to reliably convey quantum messages by studying the entanglement properties of the teleportation mediating system.

PhysicsBell stateQuantum PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantum entanglementQuantum channelQuantum capacityQuantum Physics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasComputer Science::Emerging TechnologiesQuantum mechanicsQubit0103 physical sciencesquantum information theoryquantum channelsQuantum informationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsAmplitude damping channelQuantum teleportationPhysical review letters
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Single trajectory characterization via machine learning

2020

[EN] In order to study transport in complex environments, it is extremely important to determine the physical mechanism underlying diffusion and precisely characterize its nature and parameters. Often, this task is strongly impacted by data consisting of trajectories with short length (either due to brief recordings or previous trajectory segmentation) and limited localization precision. In this paper, we propose a machine learning method based on a random forest architecture, which is able to associate single trajectories to the underlying diffusion mechanism with high accuracy. In addition, the algorithm is able to determine the anomalous exponent with a small error, thus inherently provi…

PhysicsBiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyLibrary scienceAnomalous diffusionEuropean Social Fund01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasVocational education0103 physical sciencesMachine learningChristian ministryStatistical physics010306 general physicsMATEMATICA APLICADA
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Ground states of ultrasoft particles with attractions: a genetic algorithm approach

2009

International audience; We analyze in detail the ground-state structure of model systems of athermal star polymers with an additional, tunable attraction that may result from dispersion or depletion forces. To perform a free, unbiased search in the space spanned by the crystal parameters, we employ genetic algorithms, which are enhanced with respect to previous versions in their ability to find stable structures that occupy very narrow basins of attraction in the energy landscape. Application of this method brings about a very large variety of ground states for star polymers with attractions, in particular for the case of intermediate functionalities and strong, short-range attractive force…

PhysicsBiophysicsStructure (category theory)Energy landscapeStatistical mechanicsCondensed Matter PhysicsSpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesAttraction010305 fluids & plasmasQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesGenetic algorithmDispersion (optics)Physical SciencesStatistical physicsSoft matterPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsMolecular Biology
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Inverse task for evaluation of particle size distribution of polydisperse magnetic fluids

2010

AbstractThe method of inverse task was used to analyze three different physical phenomena. The particle size distributions were reconstructed from the magnetization curve, dynamic light scattering and magnetic birefringence relaxation data. The results thus obtained for one real magnetic fluid sample are different; they characterize the physical nature of the phenomena. All three methods may be used to determine intrinsic sample properties.

PhysicsBirefringenceCondensed matter physicsRelaxation (NMR)InverseInverse problemPhysics and Astronomy(all)Particle size distributionSample (graphics)Dynamic light scatteringParticle-size distributionInverse problemMagnetic fluidsParticle sizeStatistical physicsPhysics Procedia
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Thermodynamic Approach to the Self-Diffusiophoresis of Colloidal Janus Particles

2019

Most available theoretical predictions for the self-diffusiophoretic motion of colloidal particles are based on the hydrodynamic thin boundary layer approximation in combination with a solvent body force due to a self-generated local solute gradient. This gradient is enforced through specifying boundary conditions, typically without accounting for the thermodynamic cost to maintain the gradient. Here, we present an alternative thermodynamic approach that exploits a direct link between dynamics and entropy production: the local detailed balance condition. We study two cases: First, we revisit self-propulsion in a demixing binary solvent. At variance with a slip velocity, we find that propuls…

PhysicsBody forceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Entropy productionFOS: Physical sciencesDetailed balanceMechanicsDissipationCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasBoundary layerDiffusiophoresis0103 physical sciencesSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)ParticleBoundary value problem010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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Drude weight increase by orbital and repulsive interactions in fermionic ladders

2019

In strictly one-dimensional systems, repulsive interactions tend to reduce particle mobility on a lattice. Therefore, the Drude weight, controlling the divergence at zero-frequency of optical conductivities in perfect conductors, is lower than in non-interacting cases. We show that this is not the case when extending to quasi one-dimensional ladder systems. Relying on bosonization, perturbative and matrix product states (MPS) calculations, we show that nearest-neighbor interactions and magnetic fluxes provide a bias between back- and forward-scattering processes, leading to linear corrections to the Drude weight in the interaction strength. As a consequence, Drude weights counter-intuitivel…

PhysicsBosonizationCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Interaction strengthFOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.201 natural sciencesMatrix multiplication010305 fluids & plasmasCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsUltracold atomQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Lattice (order)0103 physical sciencesParticleddc:530Edge states010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Quantum Gases
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Two-dimensional mobile breather scattering in a hexagonal crystal lattice.

2021

We describe the full two-dimensional scattering of long-lived breathers in a model hexagonal lattice of atoms. The chosen system, representing an idealized model of mica, combines a Lennard-Jones interatomic potential with an “egg-box” harmonic potential well surface. We investigate the dependence of breather properties on the ratio of the well depths associated with the interaction and on-site potentials. High values of this ratio lead to large spatial displacements in adjacent chains of atoms and thus enhance the two-dimensional character of the quasi-one-dimensional breather solutions. This effect is further investigated during breather-breather collisions by following the constrained en…

PhysicsBreatherHexagonal crystal systemScatteringInteratomic potential01 natural sciencesMolecular physics010305 fluids & plasmasExcited stateLattice (order)0103 physical sciencesHexagonal latticeMica010306 general physicsNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsPhysical review. E
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Collision of Akhmediev Breathers in Nonlinear Fiber Optics

2013

We report here a novel fiber-based test bed using tailored spectral shaping of an optical-frequency comb to excite the formation of two Akhmediev breathers that collide during propagation. We have found specific initial conditions by controlling the phase and velocity differences between breathers that lead, with certainty, to their efficient collision and the appearance of a giant-amplitude wave. Temporal and spectral characteristics of the collision dynamics are in agreement with the corresponding analytical solution. We anticipate that experimental evidence of breather-collision dynamics is of fundamental importance in the understanding of extreme ocean waves and in other disciplines dri…

PhysicsBreatherbusiness.industryPhysicsQC1-999Periodic oscillationsNonlinear fiber opticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyNonlinear opticsCollisionPhysical optics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsClassical mechanicsOptics0103 physical sciences14. Life underwater010306 general physicsbusinessNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsPhysical Review X
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Singular Extremals for the Time-Optimal Control of Dissipative Spin 1/2 Particles

2010

We consider the time-optimal control by magnetic fields of a spin 1/2 particle in a dissipative environment. This system is used as an illustrative example to show the role of singular extremals in the control of quantum systems. We analyze a simple case where the control law is explicitly determined. We experimentally implement the optimal control using techniques of nuclear magnetic resonance. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental demonstration of singular extremals in quantum systems with bounded control amplitudes.

PhysicsChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Quantum PhysicsQuantum decoherence[ PHYS.QPHY ] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesOptimal control01 natural sciencesResonance (particle physics)010305 fluids & plasmasMagnetic fieldClassical mechanics[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Bounded functionPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesDissipative system010306 general physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)QuantumSpin-½
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4D texture of circular dichroism in soft-x-ray photoemission from tungsten

2019

Brief treatment and crisis intervention 21(1), 013017 (2019). doi:10.1088/1367-2630/aaf4cd

PhysicsCircular dichroismPhotonW(110)Binding energy370General Physics and AstronomyPolarimeter01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsToF momentum microscopySymmetry (physics)010305 fluids & plasmascircular dichroismBrillouin zoneMomentumphotoemission; soft x-rays; circular dichroism; W(110); ToF momentum microscopy0103 physical sciencessoft x-raysddc:530010306 general physicsphotoemissionSurface states
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