Search results for "Fluorou"
showing 10 items of 279 documents
Update on capecitabine alone and in combination regimens in colorectal cancer patients
2010
Capecitabine is an orally administered fluoropyrimidine carbamate which has been developed as a prodrug of 5-FU with the goal to improve its tolerability and intratumoral drug concentration. The review aims to provide an evidence-based update of clinical trials investigating the clinical efficacy, adverse-event profile, dosage and administration of this drug, alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics and/or new target-oriented drugs, in the management of colorectal cancer patients. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
ELF regimen in advanced gastrointestinal malignancies: An analysis of its clinical effectiveness and toxicity
2011
A multi-institutional phase 11 study of the combination of levofolinic acid 100 mg/m2, VP16 120 mg/m2 and 5-fluorouracil 500 mg/m2 for 3 consecutive days was carried out on a series of 73 evaluable patients with low performance status affected by locally advanced and/or metastatic gastrointestinal carcinomas. Site of primary tumor were: stomach 26, large bowel 20, pancreas 16, gall-bladder 5, and liver 6. Among patients with gastric carcinoma, 2 patients (8%) had a complete response with a mean duration of 6.8+ months, and 9 (35%) had a partial response with a mean duration of 5.8+ months, for an overall response rate of 43%. Overall response rate was largely unsatisfactory in colorectal ca…
Nal-IRI/LV5-FU versus paclitaxel as second-line therapy in patients with metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OESIRI)-PRODIGE 62: A multice…
2020
Half of patients newly diagnosed with esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) have metastatic disease (mESCC) and therefore a poor prognosis. Furthermore, half of patients with initial loco-regional disease present disease recurrence after surgery and/or chemoradiation. In mESCC, the recommended first-line treatment combines 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin, although this has not been validated by a phase III trial. Patients with disease progression or recurrence after platinum-based chemotherapy and good performance status probably benefit from second-line chemotherapy. Several molecules have been evaluated in phase I/II trials or retrospective studies (docetaxel, paclitaxel and irinotecan) but…
Chemotherapy in advanced pancreatic cancer
1997
Patients with advanced adenocarcinomas of the pancreas have an exceptionally poor prognosis. Modest activity has been demonstrated with single agents (response rates of 25% at best with 5-fluorouracil [5-FU] and mitomycin). Better results have not been obtained by combination chemotherapy. Improvements in the palliation have been achieved by treatment with 5-FU, folinic acid (FA), and interferon-alpha-2A (IFN-alpha) weekly in the context of a phase II trial. Of 57 evaluable patients, eight (14%) had a partial response (PR), eight (14%) a minor response (MR), and 28 (49%) had no change of disease (NC). The median survival time was 10 mo for patients with progressive disease. Twenty-two out o…
Pharmacokinetic and metabolism determinants of fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin activity in treatment of colorectal patients
2011
Fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin continued to be the mainstay of therapeutic regimens in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). For this reason, pharmacokinetic and metabolism of these drugs were analyzed and the identification of accurate and validated predictive, prognostic and toxicity markers became necessary to develop an effective therapy adapted to the patient's molecular profile, while minimizing life-threatening toxicities. In this review, we discuss literature data, defining predictive and prognostic markers actually identified in the treatment of CRC. We analyzed predictive markers of fluoropyrimidines effectiveness, principally for 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and also for oral flu…
Does neoadjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy improve the prognosis of high‐risk Stage II and III colon cancers? Three years' follow‐up results of the PRODIGE…
2021
International audience; Aim Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has proven valuable in locally advanced resectable colon cancer (CC) but its effect on oncological outcomes is uncertain. The aim of the present paper was to report 3-year oncological outcomes, representing the secondary endpoints of the PRODIGE 22 trial. Method PRODIGE 22 was a randomized multicentre phase II trial in high-risk T3, T4 and/or N2 CC patients on CT scan. Patients were randomized between 6 months of adjuvant FOLFOX (upfront surgery) or perioperative FOLFOX (four cycles before surgery and eight cycles after; FOLFOX perioperative). In wild-type RAS patients, a third arm testing perioperative FOLFOX-cetuximab was added. The pri…
Palliative treatment for advanced gastrointestinal cancer: is response a suitable end-point?
1996
Treatment results of standard chemotherapy in advanced gastrointestinal tract cancer are disappointing. 5-Fluorouracil (FU) is the therapeutic mainstay since its discovery more than 35 years ago. Response rates of single agent FU treatment range between 5 and 20% dependent on dose and schedule. The efforts of the last two decades have been focused on the improvement of objective response rates using several combinations of chemotherapy regimens including doxorubicin, cisplatin, mitomycin and etoposide. Most of the phase l/II studies have reported encouraging treatment results initially with respect to response rates. Subsequent randomized trials, however, revealed a high rate of World Healt…
Population pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer patients
2004
Aims. The pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) after intravenous administration in color- ectal cancer patients were examined using population analysis. The relevant covariates and the extent of inter- and intraindividual variability were evaluated. Methods. Data from 27 patients with diagnosis of nonmetastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma receiving weekly 5-FU (450 mg/m2), plus levamisol 50 mg/8 hours by oral route for 3 days every 15 days, were pooled with data from 17 patients with diagnosis of metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma, receiving daily 5-FU (425 mg/m2) and intravenous folinic acid (20 mg/m2) over five consecutive days (daily times five), every four weeks. In both groups 5-…
Phase I/II trial of capecitabine and oxaliplatin in combination with bevacizumab and imatinib in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: AIO KRK …
2013
Background: Combined inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta signalling and vascular endothelial growth factor promotes vascular normalisation in preclinical models and may lead to increased delivery of chemotherapy to tumour tissue. This phase I/II trial assessed the safety and efficacy of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) plus bevacizumab and imatinib in the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Methods: Two dose levels (I/II) were defined: capecitabine 850/1000 mg m−2 twice daily on days 1–14; oxaliplatin 100/130 mg m−2 on day 1; bevacizumab 7.5 mg kg−1 on day 1; imatinib 300 mg day−1 on days 1–21 every 21 days. The primary study endpo…
Bcl-xL and Myeloid cell leukaemia-1 contribute to apoptosis resistance of colorectal cancer cells
2008
AIM: To explore the role of Bcl-x(L) and Myeloid cell leukaemia (Mcl)-1 for the apoptosis resistance of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells towards current treatment modalities. METHODS: Bcl-x(L) and Mcl-1 mRNA and protein expression were analyzed in CRC cell lines as well as human CRC tissue by Western blot, quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. Bcl-x(L) and Mcl-1 protein expression was knocked down or increased in CRC cell lines by applying specific siRNAs or expression plasmids, respectively. After modulation of protein expression, CRC cells were treated with chemotherapeutic agents, an antagonistic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR1) antibody, an EGFR1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, …