Search results for "Foot"

showing 10 items of 737 documents

Characterization of blink reflex interneurons by activation of diffuse noxious inhibitory controls in man.

1998

The blink reflex consists of an early, pontine R1-component and a late, medullary R2-component. R1 and R2 can be evoked by innocuous stimuli, but only the R2 also by painful heat, suggesting that the R2 is mediated by wide dynamic range neurons (WDR) of the spinal trigeminal nucleus. Remote noxious stimuli suppress the activity in WDR neurons via activation of diffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC), whereas low-threshold mechanoreceptive neurons (LTM) are unaffected. In order to characterize the trigeminal interneurons of R1 and R2 we investigated the modulation of the blink reflex by remote painful heat. The blink reflex was elicited in 11 healthy subjects by innocuous electrical pulse…

AdultMaleHot TemperatureInterneuronPainInhibitory postsynaptic potentialInterneuronsPhysical StimulationPonsmedicineNoxious stimulusHumansCorneal reflexMolecular BiologyMedulla OblongataBlinkingbusiness.industryFootGeneral NeuroscienceDiffuse noxious inhibitory controlSpinal trigeminal nucleusNeural InhibitionSupraorbital nerveElectric StimulationForearmmedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiaSensory ThresholdsFemaleNeurology (clinical)BrainstemTrigeminal Nucleus SpinalbusinessNeuroscienceDevelopmental BiologyBrain research
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Intra and intersession repeatability and reliability of the S-Plate® pressure platform.

2017

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to assess the repeatability and reliability of the S-Plate® pressure platform in a group of healthy subjects. Material and methods Forty subjects, free from physical conditions that would affect normal gait, walked along a five-meter corridor while data were recorded from the pressure platform. A total of 10 steps (five each side) were obtained as well as five static trials; the same measurements were repeated one week later. Peak and mean plantar pressures and contact area were recorded for both dynamic and static trials. Additionally, weight supported on each limb was documented during static trials. To assess intrasession and intersession repeatabil…

AdultMaleIntraclass correlationCoefficient of variationBiophysicsWalking03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePlate pressurePressureHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineGaitReliability (statistics)MathematicsOrthodonticsFootPlantar pressureRehabilitationHealthy subjectsReproducibility of Results030229 sport sciencesRepeatabilityBiomechanical PhenomenaNormal gaitExercise TestFemale030217 neurology & neurosurgeryGaitposture
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Relationship between foot eversion and thermographic foot skin temperature after running.

2017

The main instruments to assess foot eversion have some limitations (especially for field applications), and therefore it is necessary to explore new methods. The objective was to determine the relationship between foot eversion and skin temperature asymmetry of the foot sole (difference between medial and lateral side), using infrared thermography. Twenty-two runners performed a running test lasting 30 min. Skin temperature of the feet soles was measured by infrared thermography before and after running. Foot eversion during running was measured by kinematic analysis. Immediately after running, weak negative correlations were observed between thermal symmetry of the rearfoot and eversion at…

AdultMaleMaterials scienceTime FactorsContact time0206 medical engineeringPlantar surface02 engineering and technologyRunning03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsFOOT EVERSIONHumansPronationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringEngineering (miscellaneous)Orthodonticsbusiness.industryStance phaseFootSkin temperature030229 sport sciencesLateral side020601 biomedical engineeringAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsThermographyThermographyFemalebusinessSkin TemperatureFoot (unit)Applied optics
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Effect of static foot posture on the dynamic stiffness of foot joints during walking

2018

Background The static foot posture has been related to the development of lower limb injuries. Research question This study aimed to investigate the dynamic stiffness of foot joints during gait in the sagittal plane to understand the role of the static foot posture in the development of injuries. Methods Seventy healthy adult male subjects with different static postures, assessed by the Foot Posture Index (FPI) (30 normal, 20 highly pronated and 20 highly supinated), were recruited. Kinematic and kinetic data were recorded using an optical motion capture system and a pressure platform, and dynamic stiffness at the different stages of the stance was calculated from the slopes of the linear r…

AdultMaleMetatarsophalangeal Jointmusculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyPostureBiophysicsMetatarsophalangeal jointsOrthoticsWalkingFoot joints03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGait (human)Foot JointsmedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineRange of Motion ArticularRange of motionOrthodonticsbusiness.industryFootRehabilitationWork (physics)Dynamic Stiffness030229 sport sciencesFoot Posture IndexSagittal planeBiomechanical Phenomenabody regionsKineticsmedicine.anatomical_structureJoint stiffnessLinear ModelsAnklemedicine.symptombusinessRange of motion030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAnkle Joint
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Treadmill versus overground and barefoot versus shod comparisons of triceps surae fascicle behaviour in human walking and running

2013

Studies of human locomotion are commonly performed on a treadmill or overground, as well as with or without footwear. These testing modalities have been suggested to influence kinematics, kinetics and/or spatio-temporal variables differently. However, it is unclear whether they influence contractile behaviour at the level of the muscle fascicles. This has major relevance because results from studies performed with different combinations of the testing modalities are often compared. The present study used ultrasound to examine fascicle behaviour of the medial gastrocnemius (MG) and soleus muscles of ten young, healthy males during walking and running on a treadmill and overground, as well as…

AdultMaleMuscle fasciclemedicine.medical_specialtyLower velocityBiophysicsWalkingRunningBarefootGait (human)medicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineTreadmillMuscle Skeletalta315Human locomotionUltrasonographybusiness.industryRehabilitationFascicleBiomechanical PhenomenaShoesKineticsmedicine.anatomical_structureExercise TestPhysical therapymedicine.symptombusinessMuscle ContractionMuscle contractionGait & Posture
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Deep pain thresholds in the distal limbs of healthy human subjects.

2003

Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) in distal limbs have been under-investigated despite their potential clinical importance. Therefore, we compared PPTs over nail bed, bony prominences, and muscle in distal parts of upper and lower limbs. We investigated 12 healthy subjects using three handheld devices: a spring-loaded, analogue pressure threshold meter (PTM) with two operating ranges, and an electronic Algometer. PPTs were determined with three series of ascending stimulus intensities with a ramp of about 50 kPa/s. PPTs were normally distributed in logarithmic space. PPTs over different tissues varied significantly (ANOVA, p0.001): mean thresholds and 95% confidence intervals were 615 kPa (26…

AdultMalePain ThresholdPressure painStimulus (physiology)Functional LateralityReference ValuesPhysical StimulationPressureMedicineHumansDeep painPeripheral NervesMuscle SkeletalPain MeasurementObserver Variationbusiness.industryFootHealthy subjectsNociceptorsExtremitiesAnatomyMiddle AgedHandConfidence intervalAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineNociceptionFemaleAnalysis of varianceTrunk musclebusinessEuropean journal of pain (London, England)
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Influence of age, gender and obesity on pressure discomfort threshold of the foot: A cross-sectional study

2021

[EN] Background: Foot pain is a highly prevalent health problem for which measures such as a pattern of Pressure Discomfort Threshold of the foot plantar surface can provide valuable information for orthosis design. This study aimed to describe such pattern as a tool for the assessment of painful conditions of the feet and to analyse how it modifies according to age, gender and obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with participants allocated in: Group 1 people aged 20 to 35 years, Group 2 aged 50 to 65 years and Group 3 aged over 65. Pressure Discomfort Threshold on twelve points of the foot plantar surface was measured with an adapted manual dynamometer. Inferential anal…

AdultMalePain Thresholdmedicine.medical_specialtyOrthotic DevicesAgingHeelCross-sectional studyBiophysicsPlantar surface03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePressureMedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineObesityBody mass indexAgedSex Characteristicsbusiness.industryFootGender030229 sport sciencesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseObesitymedicine.anatomical_structureCross-Sectional StudiesPhysical therapyFemaleAnalysis of variancebusinessBody mass index030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFoot (unit)Discomfort
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Interdigital syphilis: a rare form of secondary syphilis

2019

A 39-year-old man with bilateral painful erosions in his toe web spaces and on the penile shaft was misdiagnosed as having Gram-negative toe web infection, and treated with broad-spectrum oral antibiotics. Further evaluation revealed positive serological tests for syphilis. Pedal interdigital syphilis is a rare manifestation of secondary syphilis.

AdultMalePenile Shaftmedicine.medical_specialtySexually Transmitted DiseasesDermatitisDermatologySecondary syphilisInjections IntramuscularFoot Diseases030207 dermatology & venereal diseases03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)SyphilisTreponema pallidum030212 general & internal medicinebusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthSyphilis Cutaneousmedicine.diseaseDermatologyAnti-Bacterial Agentsbody regionsTreatment OutcomeInfectious DiseasesDoxycyclinePenicillin G BenzathineSyphilisbusinessInternational Journal of STD & AIDS
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One-year persistence of individual gait patterns identified in a follow-up study – A call for individualised diagnose and therapy

2017

Abstract Although a hunch about the individuality of human movements generally exists, differences in gait patterns between individuals are often neglected. To date, only a few studies distinguished individual gait patterns in terms of uniqueness and emphasised the relevance of individualised diagnoses and therapy. However, small sample sizes have been a limitation on identifying subjects based on gait patterns, and little is known about the permanence of subject-specific characteristics over time. The purpose of this study was (1) to prove the uniqueness of individual gait patterns within a larger sample and (2) to prove the long-term permanence of individual gait patterns. A sample of 128…

AdultMalePersistence (psychology)medicine.medical_specialtyBiophysicsSample (statistics)Barefoot03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGait (human)Physical medicine and rehabilitationmedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineForce platformMedical diagnosisGround reaction forceGaitRehabilitation030229 sport sciencesHealthy VolunteersBiomechanical PhenomenaPreferred walking speedBiological Variation PopulationFemalePsychologyhuman activitiesSocial psychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up StudiesGait & Posture
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Effects of prefabricated and custom-made foot orthoses on skin temperature of the foot soles after running

2019

OBJECTIVE Foot orthoses are increasingly used by runners despite the controversy about whether their use can reduce the risk of overuse injuries. Some authors have found modifications in plantar pressures with the use of foot orthoses, which could produce changes in the surface skin temperature of the foot soles. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of custom-made and prefabricated foot orthoses on the skin temperature of different regions of both foot soles after running. APPROACH Twenty-four participants carried out a maximal aerobic speed test as a pre-test, and three running tests at the laboratory wearing different foot orthoses conditions (control, prefabricated and custom…

AdultMalePhysiology0206 medical engineeringBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsFoot Orthoses02 engineering and technologyRunning03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFoot solesPhysiology (medical)HumansMedicineFoot OrthosesOrthodonticsFootbusiness.industrySpeed testForefootSkin temperature020601 biomedical engineeringFemaleSkin Temperaturebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPhysiological Measurement
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