Search results for "Forensic engineering"

showing 10 items of 116 documents

<title>Performance problems of electrochromic coatings</title>

2003

The performance is actual problem of electrochromic coatings. The service and shelf life and cycling capacity are main performance characteristics. By solid-state ionics point of view any electrochromic cell based on phenomena with ion insertion - extraction processes is functioning as solid-state rechargeable battery. The main performance characteristics of electrochromic cells are similar. Performance of electrochromic coatings based on amorphous WO3 films and protons conducting electrolytes is limited by reversibility of ion insertion-extraction reactions, which causes degradation of cell components. The migration of water in the cell and hydration together with ion insertion-extraction …

Battery (electricity)Materials scienceOptical coatingChemical engineeringchemistryElectrochromismElectrodeForensic engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementElectrolyteTungstenAmorphous solidIonSPIE Proceedings
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Evaluation of the bending behaviour of laminated glass beams via electronic speckle pattern interferometry

2017

The paper is devoted to the experimental analysis of the kinematical and mechanical behaviour of laminated glass beam structures. In particular, the utilized laminated glass specimens are composed of two glass layers bonded by a polymer layer constituted by Ethylene-vinyl acetate whose thickness has been nominally considered as constant for all the specimens. The experimental behaviour of the analyzed specimens is deduced by applying Electronic Speckle- Pattern Interferometry technique; actually, among optical methods this technique (handled by phase-stepping technique) is very effective to obtain a full-field displacement map and to numerically achieve the longitudinal strain. In particula…

Bending behaviourThin layersMaterials scienceESPIInterlayerGeneral Chemical EngineeringExperimental analysiMechanical EngineeringEthylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA)Laminated glaMultilayer beamBendingStress (mechanics)InterferometryEquivalent thickneElectronic speckle pattern interferometryModeling and SimulationPure bendingForensic engineeringChemical Engineering (all)Composite materialElectrical and Electronic EngineeringLaminated glassSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniBeam (structure)
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Management of demolition phases and related waste, in a building renovation project near Salerno, Italy

2020

Compliance with recent environmental regulations, the demolition phase, within the building replacement process, plays a decisive role, in terms of execution and management methods. The contribution addresses the problems related to the management of the site, in compliance with regulatory requirements for selective demolition and disposal of waste materials. Possible organisational and procedural solutions were investigated with particular reference to the phases of selective demolition (in compliance with Minimum Environmental Criteria), excavation, handling, treatment, recycling, and disposal of waste materials.

Building-siteEngineeringbusiness.industryDemolitionPharmaceutical ScienceEnvironmental-criteriaSustainability Environmental-criteria Demolition Recycling Waste-reduction Building-siteWaste-reductionBuilding renovationSustainabilityComplementary and alternative medicineForensic engineeringDemolitionRecyclingPharmacology (medical)businessRivista Tema
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On site consolidation of burnt and partially charred wood in dry conditions

2011

Abstract Forty years ago in a xx th-century church in Torino, a small fire partially burned some of the decorative external boards of the sound-box of the organ. The focus of this present work was to find a treatment able to consolidate partially burnt wood in dry conditions, in which the external charred layer would be lost if not well preserved because of its incoherence. The product had to be applied onsite on an architectural structure intended to be reused again (and not simply exhibited). This circumstance is rarely encountered in the conservation of wooden Cultural Heritage. The efficacy of treatments was evaluated on the basis of a suitable and original experimental methodology, whi…

Burnt woodArcheologyEngineeringConsolidation (soil)business.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Carbonized woodConservationReuseAbrasion testCultural heritageChemistry (miscellaneous)CharcoalForensic engineeringbusinessGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceGeneral validitySpectroscopy
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Hydration of cementitious materials, present and future

2011

This paper is a keynote presentation from the 13th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement. It discusses the underlying principles of hydration and recent evidence for the mechanisms governing this process in both Portland cements and other cementitious materials. Given the overriding imperative to improve the sustainability of cementitious materials, routes to reducing CO2 emissions are discussed and the impact of supplementary materials on hydration considered. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

CementWaste managementChemistry0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyBuilding and Construction021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundPortland cementChemical reaction kinetics13. Climate actionlawInternational congress021105 building & constructionForensic engineeringGeneral Materials ScienceCementitiousCalcium silicate hydrate0210 nano-technologyTricalcium silicateCement and Concrete Research
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Detection and characterization of emerging psychoactive substances by ion mobility spectrometry

2014

Rapid detection and identification of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) continues to present significant analytical challenges to forensic and analytical chemists. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has been traditionally considered as the analytical technique of choice to detect illicit drugs in security points in airports, borderlines and customs. Databases of the reduced mobility (K0 ) values of illicit drugs are available in the scientific literature and they should be completed with data of emerging designer drugs. In this paper, we have evaluated the effect of different measurement conditions and determined the K0 values of an important number of NPS including different families; such …

Chemistrymedicine.drug_classIon-mobility spectrometryAnalytical techniquePharmaceutical ScienceReduced mobilityPhenethylaminesRapid detectionAnalytical ChemistryCharacterization (materials science)Designer drugSynthetic cannabinoidsmedicineForensic engineeringEnvironmental ChemistryBiochemical engineeringSpectroscopymedicine.drugDrug Testing and Analysis
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A Raman spectroscopic and combined analytical approach to the restoration of severely damaged frescoes: the Palomino project

2008

The deterioration of art objects is normally relatively minor, controllable and attributable to environmental changes or bacterial invasion, and until now there has not been any recorded attempt to analyse an artwork that has been deliberately and significantly destroyed. The analytical problems are correspondingly larger but the potential reward from any information that can be forthcoming is thereby proportionately greater. The 17th Century Palomino frescoes on the vaulted ceiling of the Church of Sant Joan del Mercat in Valencia were largely destroyed by insurgents in the Spanish Civil War in 1936. The ensuing gunfire and a series of seven conflagrations inside the church had a devastati…

ConservationPaintingOpticsbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectForensic engineeringGeneral Materials ScienceArtbusinessFrescoSpectroscopymedia_commonJournal of Raman Spectroscopy
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The Collapse and Restoration of the Church of Saint Mary of Itria in Piazza Armerina (Sicily, Italy)

2019

The paper illustrates the damages occurred to masonry buildings due to incorrect consolidation interventions dated back to the 1980s that, according to the culture of the time, were oriented to the replacement of structural elements with new heavy ones, thus changing the static scheme. The case study concerns the seventeenth century church of Saint Mary of Itria in Piazza Armerina, affected in 2007 by the collapse of the one side wall of the apse. After illustrating the historical evolution and the actual state of the building, the investigations carried out to identify the causes of collapse and provide for appropriate reconstruction interventions are reported. The results of hydro-geologi…

Consolidation (soil)business.industryGirderApseForensic engineeringSAINTLoad distributionMasonrybusinessRoofGeology
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Residual Stresses Induced by Cold Expansion of Adjacent and Cut-Out Holes

2012

Fatigue life of fastener holes can be enhanced via a cold-expansion process to introduce a compressive residual stress field around the hole edge and to reduce crack growth propagation. Considering that aerospace components contain multiple rows of holes, the present investigation focuses on the evaluation of the three-dimensional residual stress distribution in adjacent cold-expanded (CE) holes. The redistribution of residual stresses caused by a cut introduced between two adjacent holes was also investigated. Finite element (FE) analysis and experimental technique were used to assess the residual stress distribution in a 6082-T6 aluminum plate with two adjacent holes expanded sequentially…

Cut-out holebusiness.product_categoryMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria IndustrialeCold-expansion of holesAerospace Engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementEdge (geometry)Binary encoded light stripe projectionFastenerFinite element methodFatigue crack propagationFinite elementchemistryMechanics of MaterialsResidual stressAluminiumSolid mechanicsForensic engineeringCold-expansion of holeCut-out holesComposite materialbusinessExperimental Mechanics
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Vulnerability of a Damaged Bridge Abutment in a Seismic Area

2018

The case of the abutment of a motorway urban viaduct damaged by human intervention is presented. Built in the 1960s, it lies in a critical seismic area and the human-induced damage involved the elements of the abutment foundation. The structure is geometrically complex and the evaluations of its structural safety were carried out by applying Italian codes from different times: those concerning the time of construction, those of a recent past (1996), and those of the present (2008), inspired by Eurocodes. A comparison between the safety checks performed and the requirements of all these codes is presented and discussed, especially regarding safety coefficients after the damage was done. Two …

DamageSafety assessmentRestorationFailureFinite-element (FE) modelVulnerabilityForensic engineeringAbutmentBridge abutmentBuilding and ConstructionSafety Risk Reliability and QualityGeologyCivil and Structural EngineeringJournal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
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