Search results for "Forensic medicine"

Endothelial cell damage is the central part of COVID-19 and a mouse model induced by injection of the S1 subunit of the spike protein☆

2021

Neurologic complications of symptomatic COVID-19 are common. Brain tissues from 13 autopsies of people who died of COVID-19 were examined. Cultured endothelial and neuronal cells were incubated with and wild type mice were injected IV with different spike subunits. In situ analyses were used to detect SARS-CoV-2 proteins and the host response. In 13/13 brains from fatal COVID-19, pseudovirions (spike, envelope, and membrane proteins without viral RNA) were present in the endothelia of microvessels ranging from 0 to 14 positive cells/200× field (mean 4.3). The pseudovirions strongly co-localized with caspase-3, ACE2, IL6, TNFα, and C5b-9. The surrounding neurons demonstrated increased NMDAR2…

Annulate Lamellae in a Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor

2016

Malignant PEComa With Metastatic Disease at Diagnosis and Resistance to Several Chemotherapy Regimens and Targeted Therapy (m-TOR Inhibitor).

2017

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are infrequent neoplasms with peculiar myomelanocytic differentiation. The aggressive abdominopelvic variant is rare, with only a small number of published cases. We present an additional case of this unusual variant, which showed an aggressive histologic and clinical behavior with multiple liver metastases and resistance to several therapies. We also discuss the histological and immunohistochemical profiles as well as the differential diagnosis.

Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Vulva: Report of 2 Cases, Including a De Novo Dedifferentiated Solitary Fibrous Tumor Diagnosed After Molecular Demonst…

2018

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a neoplasm of fibroblastic lineage that has been documented in almost every anatomic location. Vulval SFT is very rare with only 10 cases reported to date. We present 2 additional SFTs located in the vulva, in adult women of 59 and 25 yr of age. The first showed a classic morphology and immunophenotype with uniform and strong STAT6 nuclear expression. The other one was a spindle-cell de novo dedifferentiated SFT with heterogeneous nuclear and cytoplasmic STAT6 staining, which could only be correctly diagnosed after molecular analysis with demonstration of a NAB2-STAT6 gene fusion. This genetic aberration is considered to represent the major pathogenic driver …

Differential diagnosis of myxoid soft tissue tumors. Experience in the Clinical University Hospital of Valencia.

2018

Abstract Soft tissue tumors with myxoid components are often a diagnostic challenge for the pathologist. We retrospectively reviewed 41 cases of soft tissue tumors with myxoid components diagnosed in our center over a five-year period. The most frequent diagnoses were myxofibrosarcoma and myxoid liposarcoma, followed by low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, low-grade fibromyxoid tumor and myxoid neurofibroma. Other diagnoses included were extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma, low-grade myxoliposarcoma, myofibrosarcoma, fibromatosis, solitary fibrous tumor, non-ossifying variant of ossifying fibromyxoid tumor and ancient neurinoma with myxoid degeneration. Immu…

Growth differentiation factor 15 as a radiation-induced marker in oral carcinoma increasing radiation resistance.

2015

Background Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is involved in tumor pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of this study was an investigation of the potential influence of GDF15 on radioresistance of OSCC cells in vitro. Methods Oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were irradiated with 0, 2, or 6 Gy, and GDF15 expression in the supernatant per survived cell colony was examined with ELISA. Non-irradiated and OSCC cell lines irradiated with 6 Gy were evaluated for GDF15 expression using immunofluorescent staining. For further investigation of GDF15 effects on radioresistance, a GDF15 knockdown model in a human OSCC cell line was established, and apoptotic activit…

Pleomorphic Adenoma and Adenoid-Cystic Carcinoma of the Salivary Glands: Comparative Immunohistochemical Patterns

1987

A series of 20 cases of pleomorphic adenoma and 19 cases of adenoid-cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands, and one case in the mammary location, were investigated regarding immunohistochemical reactivity for Tissue Polypeptid Antigen (TPA), Pre-Keratins, Vimentin, S-100 Protein, and their arrangement pattern of fibronectin. As a whole, the results support the hypothesis of morpho-structural and mainly, onto-histogenetic similarities between these tumours, but they also underline the need for great care in outlining their morpho-functional features, in relation to their different prognoses.

Cytokeratins in the Histological Diagnosis of Malignant Tumors

1994

Cytokeratins, which comprise a multigene family of 20 related polypeptides (CKs 1–20), are constituents of the intermediate filaments of epithelial cells, in which they are expressed in various combinations depending on the epithelial type and the degree of differentiation. Of these, CK 19 (400 amino acids; 44.1 kilodaltons) is an example of a widely distributed CK, being expressed in various epithelia, including many simple epithelia. In contrast, the recently identified CK 20 (424 amino acids; 48.6 kilodaltons) is essentially confined to gastrointestinal epithelia, the urothelium and Merkel cells. The differential expression of individual CKs in various types of carcinomas makes them use…

An International Proficiency Study with the Tumor Marker CA 125

1990

A strict and adequate quality assurance program is the only real guarantee of the reliability of laboratory test results. Such proficiency testing was carried out for the CA 125 test system in five university laboratories over a period of three years (1984 - 1987) using five different reference materials (BIOREF, FRG). A concentration-dependent performance profile could thus be established evaluating a total of 301 assays. Intra-assay precision of the test ranged between 4.8 and 11.5%, and interassay precision between 13.6 and 19.1%. Laboratory specific average values of the individual reference materials ranged between 26 and 32 U/ml for reference 1, 51 and 59 U/ml for reference 2, 109 an…

Defining Human Tyrosine Kinase Phosphorylation Networks Using Yeast as an In Vivo Model Substrate.

2017

Systematic assessment of tyrosine kinase-substrate relationships is fundamental to a better understanding of cellular signaling and its profound alterations in human diseases such as cancer. In human cells, such assessments are confounded by complex signaling networks, feedback loops, conditional activity, and intra-kinase redundancy. Here we address this challenge by exploiting the yeast proteome as an in vivo model substrate. We individually expressed 16 human non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and identified 3,279 kinase-substrate relationships involving 1,351 yeast phosphotyrosine (pY) sites. Based on the yeast data without prior information, we generated …