Search results for "Forensic"

Using the fibre structure of paper to determine authenticity of the documents: analysis of transmitted light images of stamps and banknotes.

2014

A novel method is presented for distinguishing postal stamp forgeries and counterfeit banknotes from genuine samples. The method is based on analyzing differences in paper fibre networks. The main tool is a curvelet-based algorithm for measuring overall fibre orientation distribution and quantifying anisotropy. Using a couple of more appropriate parameters makes it possible to distinguish forgeries from genuine originals as concentrated point clouds in two- or three-dimensional parameter space.

Fire risk assessment and cable selection for enduser substations

2017

This paper examines the issues related to fire risk assessment in end-users substations. Fires in substations may be caused by electrical faults, overvoltages, lack of maintenance, etc. It is crucial that fires be confined within the substation, and not propagate into the adjacent environment, where their effects may put at risk personnel, as well as other properties. To reduce this risk of propagation, the choice of cables and the related wiring methods are crucial; in addition, the characteristics of cable chases that route cables from the substation to adjacent rooms is very important. IEEE and IEC fire protection standards for end-user substations are herein discussed, with emphasis on …

GHB related acids are useful in routine casework of suspected GHB intoxication cases

2021

Abstract GHB related acids (3,4-dihydroxy butyric acid, 2,4-dihydroxy butyric acid and glycolic acid) are produced through oxidative GHB metabolism. These analytes could be potential biomarkers to ensure the diagnosis of a GHB intoxication and even prolong the detection window. Within this study, forensic routine cases were measured to consider the potential of additional gas chromatographic mass spectrometric analysis on these acids. 17 GHB positive real cases (10 serum samples and 7 urine samples) and 40 cases with suspicion of drugging in DFC cases and negative GHB results (21 serum samples and 19 urine samples) were evaluated. Increased GHB related acid concentrations were detected in a…

Near‐field optical addressing of single molecules in coplanar geometry: a theoretical study

2001

Photonic transfer through elongated optical structures of submicrometre section microfabricated at the surface of dielectric or semiconductor samples can be enhanced by an appropriate structuring of the local refraction index. We show from computerized simulations that both the light localization and the spectroscopic properties of such structures can be used to selectively excite, in coplanar geometry, individuals molecules located in the near-field.

Lysosomal and Peroxisomal Disorders. Recent Advances: Introduction

2006

The influence of the tape-casting process parameters on the geometric characteristics of SiC tapes

1998

Abstract The production process of the tape-casting technique applied to the production of porous ceramic membranes, suitable for the separation of different chemical species, has been explored, with emphasis on the influence of the operative parameters on the macrogeometric characteristics of the manufactured ceramic porous tapes. The effects of the slurry casting rate, the doctor blade height and the mean particle diameter have been studied and the results reported. The characterization analyses indicate the degree of reliability of this technique to produce planar SiC components and the importance of the particle size in enhancing the structural homogeneity. A study on the variance analy…

A Combined Non-Destructive and Micro-Destructive Approach to Solving the Forensic Problems in the Field of Cultural Heritage: Two Case Studies

2021

The present paper discusses the importance of non-destructive and micro-destructive technology in forensic investigations in the field of cultural heritage. Recent technological developments and the wide availability of modern analytical instrumentation are creating new possibilities for performing scientific measurements and acquiring data directly on-site—thereby limiting, where possible, sampling activity—as well as learning about the technologies and materials that were employed in the past to create cultural assets. Information on periods, chemical composition, manufacturing techniques, etc., can be gathered more easily. Overall, the benefits of on-site forensic investigations are mult…

BEFORE THE EARTHQUAKE: RECONSTRUCTION AND PRESENTATION OF LOST SITES AND BUILDINGS

2021

Abstract. The paper presents the results of a research aiming at proving the efficacy of perspective restitution from photos for the reconstruction of buildings and sites that disappeared in the past century. The case study is the town of Messina, sited at the north-eastern corner of Sicily (Italy), facing the homonymous strait that divides Sicily from the Italian peninsula; in 1908 Messina and Reggio Calabria, at the opposite side of the strait, were levelled to the ground by a powerful earthquake, followed by a tsunami.No building or monument survived the destruction: a new town with the same name took the site of Messina. Except for few strongly reshaped buildings, the memory of the stre…

Copy-move Forgery Detection via Texture Description

2010

Copy-move forgery is one of the most common type of tampering in digital images. Copy-moves are parts of the image that are copied and pasted onto another part of the same image. Detection methods in general use block-matching methods, which first divide the image into overlapping blocks and then extract features from each block, assuming similar blocks will yield similar features. In this paper we present a block-based approach which exploits texture as feature to be extracted from blocks. Our goal is to study if texture is well suited for the specific application, and to compare performance of several texture descriptors. Tests have been made on both uncompressed and JPEG compressed image…

Disciplines and thematics of scientific research in police training (1988-2012)

2014

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the disciplines and thematic study of scientific production in police training over the period 1988-2012. Design/methodology/approach – Introduction and homogenization of keywords and assigning of descriptors to documents, thematic categorization of journals and, analysis of indicators of productivity and relationship of descriptors and thematic areas has been the used methodology. Findings – Totally, 59 different descriptors of a total of 585 assigned to the 182 articles that were published in 95 journals belonging into 20 different subject areas have been identified. The most frequent descriptors are “skills,” “management development” and…