Search results for "Formal"

showing 10 items of 1654 documents

Über die Synthese von o-Acylamino-β-dimethylamino-propiophenonen 2. Mitt.: Aminomethylierung von o-Carbäthoxyamino- und o-Nitro-acetophenon1)

1970

Die bei der Mannich-Reaktion mit o-Carbathoxyamino- und o-Nitro-acetophenon zu Acrylophenonderivaten fuhrende Sekundarreaktion zwischen den Aminomethylierungsprodukten und Formaldehyd konnte auf folgende Weise nahezu vollstandig vermieden werden: durch Verhindern des Zerfalls von intermediar entstehendem Dimethylaminomethylol in seine Komponenten wird die Bildung des Carbonium-Imonium-Kations derart beschleunigt, das fur die Nebenreaktion erforderlicher freier Formaldehyd rasch aus dem Reaktionsmedium verschwindet. — Die Synthese von o-Carbathoxyamino-, o-Nitro- und o-Amino-β-dimethylamino-propiophenon sowie seines Formyl- und Acetylderivates wird beschrieben. Synthesis of o-Acylamino-β-dim…

chemistry.chemical_compoundAcrylophenoneChemistryDrug DiscoveryFormaldehydePharmaceutical ScienceMedicinal chemistryArchiv der Pharmazie
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The microscopic theory of diffusion-controlled defect aggregation

1998

Abstract The kinetics of diffusion-controlled aggregation of primary Frenkel defects ( F and H centers) in irradiated CaF 2 crystals is theoretically studied. Microscopic theory is based on the discrete-lattice formalism for the single defect densities (concentrations) and the coupled joint densities of similar and dissimilar defects treated in terms of the Kirkwood superposition approximation. Conditions and dynamics of the efficient F center aggregation during crystal heating after irradiation are analyzed.

General Computer ScienceF-CenterChemistryKineticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyGeneral ChemistryMolecular physicsCrystalComputational MathematicsFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)Mechanics of MaterialsKirkwood approximationPhysical chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationMicroscopic theoryAgrégationComputational Materials Science
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Predicting children's mathematical performance in grade one by early numeracy

2010

Abstract This longitudinal study examined how children's early numeracy assessed in kindergarten predicts their mathematical performance in the first grade, after controlling for the effects of age, gender, and parents' education. The participants were 212 Finnish children (107 girls and 105 boys). At the time of the first assessment (kindergarten), the mean age was six years, and the second assessment was conducted one year later. The results demonstrate that the acquisition of counting and relational skills before formal schooling are predictive of the acquisition of basic arithmetical skills and overall mathematical performance in grade one, above and beyond the effects of demographic fa…

Longitudinal studySocial PsychologyMathematical performance4. Educationeducation05 social sciences050301 educationMean ageEducational attainmentEducationDevelopmental psychologyNumeracyFormal schoolingEarly numeracyDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyMathematical ability0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPsychology0503 education050104 developmental & child psychologyLearning and Individual Differences
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Tentative Recommendation on Terminology and Definitions in Respiratory Physiology: Résumé of the Isott Consensus Session 1992

1994

1 The use of small letters for the symbols “p” (partial pressure), “s” (saturation) and “c” (concentration) (e.g. pO2, sO2, cO2) follows recommendations of the IFCC and IUPAC [4]. This supports the use of contemporary word processing systems and mostly eliminates the need to use subscripts (except for chemical valencies: e.g. O2, CO2, H2CO3 etc.). The potential risk of misinterpretations and double meanings is reduced also (e.g. “cO2” [oxygen concentration] v.s. “CO2” [carbon dioxide] and “sO2” [oxygen saturation] v.s. “sO2” [sulfur dioxide]). 2 The symbol shall include the site of measurement or description, e.g. paO2 (arterial O2 partial pressure), svO2 (mixed venous oxygen saturation), o…

Discrete mathematicschemistryWord processingPhysiologychemistry.chemical_elementValue (computer science)Fraction (mathematics)Limiting oxygen concentrationSaturation (chemistry)OxygenOxygen saturationSymbol (formal)
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Lateral magnification matrix from the dioptric power matrix formalism in the paraxial case.

2012

Background Previous studies have highlighted that power matrices fully characterize the concept of dioptric power of any astigmatic surface. Thus, the basic equations in physiological optics can be generalized using the matrix formalism of the dioptric power. Among others, lateral magnification has also been interpreted as a matrix but mainly concerning magnification modification induced by spectacle correction of refractive error. Purpose To provide a fresh look into a novel paraxial formulation for the assessment of the lateral magnification using power matrices and in presence of astigmatism for thin and thick imaging systems in general. Methods Linear optics provides the frame to genera…

Optics and Photonicsbusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectParaxial approximationPhysics::OpticsMagnificationAstigmatismAsymmetrySensory SystemsOphthalmologyMatrix (mathematics)Formalism (philosophy of mathematics)OpticsThin lensHumansbusinessRefractive indexPower matrixOptometrymedia_commonMathematicsLensesOphthalmicphysiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
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Education, Work and Life

2018

In this chapter, I will study the relationship between education and working life from a few viewpoints. First, I will examine how everyday working life has changed and how education has to change. Second, I will depict how the practices of both education and the working world can and should be researched in terms of the theory of practice architectures. Third, I will come back to reflect on the relationships between work, education and life. The work that people do has increasingly been immaterialized. Working life has been detached from material production which is more and more automated and robotically driven. According to a Swiss professor Schwab (2015, 2016), we have already moved int…

PrecariateducationPractice theorybusiness.industry05 social sciencesIndoctrination050301 educationInformal learningPublic relationstyöSolidarityGlobalizationWork (electrical)koulutus0502 economics and businessCognitive skillSociologyelämäbusiness0503 education050203 business & management
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The Average State Complexity of the Star of a Finite Set of Words Is Linear

2008

We prove that, for the uniform distribution over all sets Xof m(that is a fixed integer) non-empty words whose sum of lengths is n, $\mathcal{D}_X$, one of the usual deterministic automata recognizing X*, has on average $\mathcal{O}(n)$ states and that the average state complexity of X*is i¾?(n). We also show that the average time complexity of the computation of the automaton $\mathcal{D}_X$ is $\mathcal{O}(n\log n)$, when the alphabet is of size at least three.

Uniform distribution (continuous)ComputationStar (game theory)0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technology[INFO.INFO-DM]Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]01 natural sciencesCombinatoricsInteger0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringTime complexityFinite setMathematicsstar operationDiscrete mathematicsaverage case analysistate complexity16. Peace & justiceBinary logarithm[INFO.INFO-DM] Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]automatonState complexity010201 computation theory & mathematicsfinite language020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata Theory
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Formaldehyde: Catalytic Oxidation as a Promising Soft Way of Elimination

2013

International audience; Compared to other molecules such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and chlorinated compounds, the catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde has been studied rarely. However, standards for the emission level of this pollutant will become more restrictive because of its extreme toxicity even at very low concentrations in air. As a consequence, the development of a highly efficient process for its selective elimination is needed. Complete catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde into CO2 and H2O using noble-metal-based catalysts is a promising method to convert this pollutant at room temperature, making this process energetically attractive from an industrial point of view. However, th…

General Chemical EngineeringFormaldehyde02 engineering and technologyengineering.material010402 general chemistryHeterogeneous catalysis01 natural sciences7. Clean energyCatalysisCatalysis[ CHIM.CATA ] Chemical Sciences/Catalysischemistry.chemical_compound[ CHIM.ORGA ] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryFormaldehyde[ CHIM.OTHE ] Chemical Sciences/OtherEnvironmental ChemistryOrganic chemistryGeneral Materials SciencePollutantAir Pollutants[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryXylene[CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyToluene0104 chemical sciencesGeneral EnergychemistryCatalytic oxidation13. Climate actionAir Pollution IndoorengineeringNoble metal[CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other0210 nano-technologyOxidation-ReductionChemSusChem
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A class of nilpotent Lie algebras admitting a compact subgroup of automorphisms

2017

Abstract The realification of the ( 2 n + 1 ) -dimensional complex Heisenberg Lie algebra is a ( 4 n + 2 ) -dimensional real nilpotent Lie algebra with a 2-dimensional commutator ideal coinciding with the centre, and admitting the compact algebra sp ( n ) of derivations. We investigate, in general, whether a real nilpotent Lie algebra with 2-dimensional commutator ideal coinciding with the centre admits a compact Lie algebra of derivations. This also gives us the occasion to revisit a series of classic results, with the expressed aim of attracting the interest of a broader audience.

Discrete mathematicsPure mathematicsOscillator algebra010102 general mathematicsUniversal enveloping algebra010103 numerical & computational mathematics01 natural sciencesAffine Lie algebraLie conformal algebraGraded Lie algebraNilpotent Lie algebraComputational Theory and MathematicsLie algebraCompact Lie algebraSettore MAT/03 - GeometriaGeometry and Topology0101 mathematicsCompact derivationGeneralized Kac–Moody algebraAnalysisMathematicsDifferential Geometry and its Applications
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People with memory illnesses and their spouses as actors in the hybrid care model

2023

Objective: The study analysed how its participants positioned themselves and other people as actors in daily life, and what matters they portrayed as meaningful in seeking and receiving support in daily life. Background: Family care has traditionally played an important role in elder care in Finland. Current policy goals will further increase the importance of family care, yet research on how people with memory illnesses and their spouses perceive care arrangements is scarce. Method: The study drew from theory of relational agency and positioning theory. The data came from semi-structured, in-depth interviews (10) of home-dwelling people diagnosed with a memory illness and their spouses. Th…

kotihoitotoimijuusGeneral Medicinevanhustenhuolto3142 Public health care science environmental and occupational healthinformal carepositioning theoryagentic selfrelational agencyomaishoitajatformal careomaishoitomuistisairaatqualitative researchdementiaJournal of Family Research
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