Search results for "Format"

Le réseau REDSIAM (Réseau données Sniiram) – Spécial REDSIAM

2017

The French national health database (SNIIRAM) proved to be very useful for epidemiology, health economics, evaluation, surveillance or public health. However, it is a complex database requiring important resources and expertise for being used. The REDSIAM network has been set up for promoting the collaboration of teams working on the Sniiram. The main aim of REDSIAM is to develop and validate methods for analyzing the Sniiram database for research, surveillance, evaluation and public health purposes by sharing the knowledge and experience of specialized teams in the fields of diseases identification from the Sniiram data. The work conducted within the network is devoted to the development a…

Labeling and nutritional education

2020

Abstract Nutritional food labeling has two components, a nutrient declaration on the back-of-package (usually mandatory) and supplementary simple graphical nutrition information on the front-of-package (commonly voluntary), which are aimed at assisting consumers to be aware of the nutritional value of foods in order to make healthy food choices. This is an important tool for nutritional education that can aid consumers in the fight against diet-related chronic diseases that currently constitute a global public health concern worldwide. In this chapter, the main factors involved in the use and understanding of nutrition labels by consumers, and a detailed explanation of the characteristics o…

Mechanisms underlying noise-induced hearing loss

2006

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is the worldwide leading occupational disease and presents an important socio-economic factor. Despite numerous identified details about its etiology, the underlying mechanisms, which induce NIHL, have been only partially identified. In the present article, we shall discuss possible mechanisms focusing on failure in cellular calcium regulation, leading to a rise in mitochondrial NO production and reactive oxygen species formation. In cases where radical production is significantly elevated, pathological concentrations lead to alterations of cell physiological conditions and finally contribute to NIHL. A more detailed knowledge about the induction of free ra…

The role of statins in preventing the progression of congestive heart failure in patients with metabolic syndrome.

2008

Heart Failure (CHF) is a very important public health problem in the world and certainly one of the most common debilitating diseases and cause of mortality. Current knowledge underlines that incidence rates are also influenced by the coexisting pathologic conditions that accelerate the development of disease or increase its severity. Important scientific evidence is emerging to demonstrate a strong correlation between HF and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Hypolipemia- inducing medication offers the opportunity to discuss the possible existence of pharmacological substances that in addition to their specific targets have several demonstrated pleiotropic effects that could be beneficial in H…

LARP7 variants and further delineation of the Alazami syndrome phenotypic spectrum among primordial dwarfisms: 2 sisters.

2019

Abstract Alazami syndrome (AS) (MIM# 615071 ) is an autosomal recessive microcephalic primordial dwarfism (PD) with recognizable facial features and severe intellectual disability due to depletion or loss of function variants in LARP7. To date, 15 patients with AS have been reported. Here we describe two consanguineous Algerian sisters with Alazami PD due to LARP7 homozygous pathogenic variants detected by whole exome sequencing. By comparing these two additional cases with those previously reported, we strengthen the key features of AS: severe growth restriction, severe intellectual disability and some distinguishing facial features such as broad nose, malar hypoplasia, wide mouth, full li…

Adjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy in Gastric Cancer: Critically Reviewing the Past and Visualizing the Next Step Forward

2015

Gastric cancer remains one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Despite the significant advances in surgical treatment and multimodality strategies, prognosis has modestly improved over the last two decades. Locoregional relapse remains one of the main issues and the combined chemoradiation treatment seems to be one of the preferred approaches. However, more than ten years after the hallmark INT-0116 trial, minimal progress has been made both in terms of effectiveness and toxicity. Moreover, new regimens added to combined therapy failed to prove favourable results. Herein, we attempt a thorough literature review comparing pros and cons of all relative studies and potential bias, targe…

A system for the automatic measurement of the nuchal translucency thickness from ultrasound video stream of the foetus

2013

Nowadays the measurement of the nuchal translucency thickness is being used as part of routine ultrasound scanning during the end of the first trimester of pregnancy, for the screening of chromosomal defects, as trisomy 21. Currently, the measurement is being performed manually by physicians. The measurement can take a long time for being accomplished, needs to be performed by highly skilled operators, and is prone to errors. Semi-automated methods requires that the user manually selects a region of the image containing the nuchal translucency, procedure that is somewhat time consuming. In this paper we present a complete system prototype that is able to perform the measurement of the nucha…

Hypoosmolar conditions reduce extracellular volume fraction and enhance epileptiform activity in the CA3 region of the immature rat hippocampus

2006

The osmolarity of the extracellular space (ECS) compartment is an important factor determining the excitability of neuronal tissue. In the adult hippocampus an important role of osmolarity and ECS diffusion parameters on the susceptibility to epileptic events is well established, but the influence of hypo- and hyperosmolar conditions on the immature hippocampus remains elusive. To investigate the influence of osmolarity on epileptiform activity, extracellular field potentials were recorded in the CA3 region of hippocampal slices of immature (postnatal days 4-7) Wistar rats. The ECS diffusion parameters were determined by the real-time tetramethylammonium (TMA+) iontophoretic method with ion…

Habenular effect on hippocampal excitability is not cholinergically-mediated.

1989

Pharmacological characterization and autoradiographic localization of histamine H2 receptors in human brain identified with [125I]iodoaminopotentidin…

1992

125I-Aminopotentidine (125I-APT), a reversible probe of high specific radioactivity and high affinity and selectivity for the H2 receptor, was used to characterize and localize this histamine receptor subtype in human brain samples obtained at autopsy. On membranes of human caudate nucleus, specific 125I-APT binding at equilibrium revealed a single component, with a dissociation constant of 0.3 nM and maximal capacity of about 100 fmol/mg of protein. At 0.2 nM, 125I-APT specific binding, as defined with tiotidine, an H2-receptor antagonist chemically unrelated to iodoaminopotentidine, represented 40-50% of the total. Specific 125I-APT binding was inhibited by a series of typical H2-receptor…