Search results for "Formulation"

Quantitative approximation of certain stochastic integrals

2002

We approximate certain stochastic integrals, typically appearing in Stochastic Finance, by stochastic integrals over integrands, which are path-wise constant within deterministic, but not necessarily equidistant, time intervals. We ask for rates of convergence if the approximation error is considered in L 2 . In particular, we show that by using non-equidistant time nets, in contrast to equidistant time nets, approximation rates can be improved considerably.

In vivo methods for drug absorption - comparative physiologies, model selection, correlations with in vitro methods (IVIVC), and applications for for…

2013

This review summarizes the current knowledge on anatomy and physiology of the human gastrointestinal tract in comparison with that of common laboratory animals (dog, pig, rat and mouse) with emphasis on in vivo methods for testing and prediction of oral dosage form performance. A wide range of factors and methods are considered in addition, such as imaging methods, perfusion models, models for predicting segmental/regional absorption, in vitro in vivo correlations as well as models to investigate the effects of excipients and the role of food on drug absorption. One goal of the authors was to clearly identify the gaps in today's knowledge in order to stimulate further work on refining the e…

Ship Roll Motion under Stochastic Agencies Using Path Integral Method

2009

The response of ship roll oscillation under random ice impulsive loads modeled by Poisson arrival process is very important in studying the safety of ships navigation in cold regions. Under both external and parametric random excitations the evolution of the probability density function of roll motion is evaluated using the path integral (PI) approach. The PI method relies on the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation, which governs the response transition probability density functions at two close intervals of time. Once the response probability density function at an early close time is specified, its value at later close time can be evaluated. The PI method is first demonstrated via simple dynamica…

Path integral solution for nonlinear systems under parametric Poissonian white noise input

2016

Abstract In this paper the problem of the response evaluation in terms of probability density function of nonlinear systems under parametric Poisson white noise is addressed. Specifically, extension of the Path Integral method to this kind of systems is introduced. Such systems exhibit a jump at each impulse occurrence, whose value is obtained in closed form considering two general classes of nonlinear multiplicative functions. Relying on the obtained closed form relation liking the impulses amplitude distribution and the corresponding jump response of the system, the Path Integral method is extended to deal with systems driven by parametric Poissonian white noise. Several numerical applica…

A three-dimensional boundary element model for the analysis of polycrystalline materials at the microscale

2012

A three-dimensional multi-domain anisotropic boundary element formulation is presented for the analysis of polycrystalline microstructures. The formulation is naturally expressed in terms of intergranular displacements and tractions that play an important role in polycrystalline micromechanics, micro-damage and micro-cracking. The artificial morphology is generated by Hardcore Voronoi tessellation, which embodies the main statistical features of polycrystalline microstructures. Each crystal is modeled as an anisotropic elastic region and the integrity of the aggregate is restored by enforcing interface continuity and equilibrium between contiguous grains. The developed technique has been ap…

Introduction to Part IV

2018

When looking at the early development of relativity theory, one finds an astonishing number of contributions by mathematicians, some of which deeply influenced the work of leading theoretical physicists. Within the context of special relativity, Hermann Minkowski’s writings come immediately to mind (Walter 2008). Klein and Hilbert followed Minkowski’s ideas from their infancy, and both pursued some of their consequences after the latter’s premature death in January 1909. Two other figures with close ties to Gottingen, Max Born and Arnold Sommerfeld, were both instrumental in elaborating Minkowski’s 4-dimensional approach for physicists (Walter 2007). Born had been Minkowski’s assistant for …

Constructions of Nonagency in the Clients’ Initial Problem Formulations at the Outset of Psychotherapy

2019

This multiple case study investigated how clients construct nonagentic positions when formulating their problems in the beginning of their first psychotherapy session. The initial problem formulations of nine clients entering psychotherapy were analyzed with a detailed model drawing on discursive methodology, the 10 Discursive Tools model (10DT). We found ten problem formulation categories, each one distinguished by the tool from the 10DT model primarily used to construct nonagency. All clients gave several problem formulations from different categories and constructed nonagentic positions with a variety of discursive tools. When the resulting problem formulation categories were read in com…

Fermentation des protéines végétales : atouts organoleptique et nutritionnel

2015

Référence : 201511122426; Du fait de l’augmentation de la population de la planète, la production de protéines pour l’alimentation des populations et l’évaluation de la qualité de ces protéines pour satisfaire les besoins de l’Homme pourraient devenir des questions majeures dans les décennies à venir pour l’ensemble du monde. Le développement de nouveaux aliments optimisant l’apport protéique d’origine végétale parait également important dans certaines situations (personnes âgées, sportifs…) où les besoins nutritionnels sont modifiés au plan quantitatif et qualitatif. De nombreux problèmes ont été identifiés suite à l’incorporation de protéines végétales dans nos aliments. En particulier, d…

Fatal anaphylactic shock and Taenia solium infestation: a possible link?

2009

Why small particle fixed dose triple therapy? An excursus from COPD pathology to pharmacological treatment evolution

2022

Although bronchodilators are the cornerstone in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) therapy, the treatment with a single-agent bronchodilator may not provide adequate symptoms control in COPD. The combination of drugs with different mechanisms of action may be more effective in inducing bronchodilation and preventing exacerbations, with a lower risk of side-effects in comparison with the increase of the dose of a single molecule. Several studies comparing the triple therapy with the association of long-acting ß2 agonist (LABA)/inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) or long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)/LABA reported improvement of lung function and quality of life. A significant reduc…