Search results for "Fourier transform"

showing 10 items of 1138 documents

Thermal aggregation and ion-induced cold-gelation of bovine serum albumin

2009

Protein cold-gelation has recently received particular attention for its relevance in bio and food technology. In this work, we report a study on bovine serum albumin cold-gelation induced by copper or zinc ions. Metal-induced cold-gelation of proteins requires two steps: during the first one, the heat treatment causes protein partial unfolding and aggregation; then, after cooling the solution to room temperature, gels are formed upon the addition of metal ions. The thermally induced behaviour has been mainly investigated through different techniques: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, circular dichroism, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and rheology. Data have shown that the agg…

Circular dichroismProtein FoldingTime FactorsLightMetal ions in aqueous solutionBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryViscoelasticityProtein Structure SecondaryIonDivalentDynamic light scatteringSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredAnimalsScattering RadiationBovine serum albuminFourier transform infrared spectroscopychemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyChemistryCircular DichroismTemperatureSerum Albumin BovineGeneral MedicineElasticityKineticsZincbiology.proteinCattleRheologyCopperBovine serum albumin (BSA)Proteins aggregation Metal ions Cold-gelation
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Two Latent and Two Hyperstable Polymeric Forms of Human Neuroserpin

2010

AbstractHuman neuroserpin (hNS) is a serine protease inhibitor that belongs to the serpin superfamily and is expressed in nervous tissues. The serpin fold is generally characterized by a long exposed loop, termed the reactive center loop, that acts as bait for the target protease. Intramolecular insertion of the reactive center loop into the main serpin β-sheet leads to the serpin latent form. As with other known serpins, hNS pathological mutants have been shown to accumulate as polymers composed of quasi-native protein molecules. Although hNS polymerization has been intensely studied, a general agreement about serpin polymer organization is still lacking. Here we report a biophysical chara…

Circular dichroismanimal structuresLightmedicine.medical_treatmenthuman neuroserpinBiophysicsContext (language use)SerpinProtein Structure SecondaryserpinopathiePolymerizationNeuroserpinSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredmedicineHumansProtein IsoformsScattering Radiationpathological serpin aggregationReactive centerSerpinsProtein UnfoldingSerine proteaseProteasebiologyProtein StabilityChemistryCircular DichroismProteinNeuropeptidesTemperatureserpinlatent neuroserpinSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)PolymerizationBiochemistryFENIBembryonic structuresbiology.proteinBiophysicsBiophysical Journal
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Shift-and-scale-invariant pattern recognition using an elliptic coordinate-transformed phase-only filter

1992

A shift-and-scale-invariant elliptic coordinate-transformed phase-only filter in proposed. The filter is built in three steps: the complex conjugate of a basic-size target spectrum is calculated, its phase-only part is taken, and then the elliptic coordinate transformation is made. In the extreme case the scale ratio of recognizable objects equals 1:1.5, permitting good recognition of object sizes S within the range 0.83/= S/= 1.25. Discrimination abilities and relative Horner efficiencies of a few versions of the filter are calculated.

Complex conjugateSpatial filterbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Mathematical analysisCoordinate systemPhase (waves)Scale invarianceIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringsymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformFilter (video)symbolsElliptic filterBusiness and International ManagementbusinessMathematicsApplied Optics
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Shift and scale-invariant correlator using a radially stretched phase-only filter

1995

A radial stretching of the phase only filter depending on the energy angular distribution of the target spectrum is used to perform shift and scale invariant pattern recognition. The complex conjugate of a basic size target Fourier transform and the cumulative energy angular distribution are calculated. Then the radially stretched filter providing the same energy contribution to the correlation peak independent on the target size is prepared and used in a conventional correlator, with spherical-wave illumination. The maximum scale ratio of recognizable objects equals 1:1.5. Computer simulations and experimental results, showing the performance of the filter are presented.

Complex conjugatebusiness.industryPhase (waves)Scale invarianceComputational physicssymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformFilter (video)Optical correlatorsymbolsbusinessOptical filterEnergy (signal processing)MathematicsSPIE Proceedings
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Evaluation of sewage sludge-based compost by FT-IR spectroscopy

2006

The aerobic batch composting fermentations of sewage sludge with wood chips and maturity compost as co-composting additives were carried out in an open type lab-scale reactor. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used to monitor the composting process, evaluate the degradation rate and thus determine the maturity. Although the composition of the input mixture strongly affects the shape of the infrared (IR) spectra, typical bands of components can be selected and used to follow the composting process. The appearance, shape and intensity of the nitrate band at 1384 cm 1 was well pronounced and evident for a sewage sludgebased compost maturity. An increase of the pe…

CompostAnalytical chemistrySoil ScienceInfrared spectroscopyengineering.materialDecompositionchemistry.chemical_compoundNitratechemistryengineeringFourier transform infrared spectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)SpectroscopySludgeGeoderma
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An optimized mass storage FFT for vector computers

1995

Abstract The performance of a segmented FFT algorithm which allows the out-of-core computation of the Fourier transform of a very large mass storage data array is presented. The code is particularly optimized for vector computers. Tests performed mainly on a CONVEX C210 vector computer showed that, for very long transforms, tuning of the main parameters involved leads to computation speed and global efficiency better than for FFTs performed in-core. The use of tunable parameters allows optimization of the algorithm on machines with different configurations.

Computer Networks and Communicationsbusiness.industryComputer scienceComputationFast Fourier transformPrime-factor FFT algorithmArray data typeComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignTheoretical Computer ScienceVector processorsymbols.namesakeFourier transformSplit-radix FFT algorithmArtificial IntelligenceHardware and ArchitectureComputer data storagesymbolsbusinessAlgorithmSoftwareParallel Computing
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Sorting of Single Biomolecules based on Fourier Polar Representation of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectra

2016

AbstractSurface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy becomes increasingly used in biosensors for its capacity to detect and identify single molecules. In practice, a large number of SERS spectra are acquired and reliable ranking methods are thus essential for analysing all these data. Supervised classification strategies, which are the most effective methods, are usually applied but they require pre-determined models or classes. In this work, we propose to sort SERS spectra in unknown groups with an alternative strategy called Fourier polar representation. This non-fitting method based on simple Fourier sine and cosine transforms produces a fast and graphical representation for sor…

Computer science02 engineering and technologyBiosensing Techniquescomputer.software_genreSpectrum Analysis Raman01 natural sciencesSpectral lineArticlesymbols.namesakeCysteineSpectroscopyRepresentation (mathematics)Sine and cosine transformsMultidisciplinary010401 analytical chemistrySortingModels Theoretical021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesFourier transformPrincipal component analysisOdorantssymbolsPolarData mining0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyBiological systemcomputerMonte Carlo MethodRaman scatteringAlgorithmsScientific Reports
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Simple computation of the approximated modulation transfer function (MTF) using spreadsheet-software: method and evaluation in five maxillofacial CBC…

2019

OBJECTIVES: To develop a simple way to compute the approximated modulation transfer function (MTF) manually using conventional spreadsheet software. METHODS: Basing on an edge-image a method was developed, facilitating computation of the edge spread and line spread function in open-source spreadsheet software (Gnumeric; http://projects.gnome.org/gnumeric/downloads.shtml). By means of the integrated fast Fourier transformation Fourier coefficients are obtained from the line spread function which can then be plotted vs spatial frequency to obtain MTF-plots. For the experimental evaluation an edge test object was exposed in five commercial CBCT devices for maxillofacial applications. RESULTS: …

Computer science030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicineTechnical ReportSimple (abstract algebra)Optical transfer functionRadiography DentalHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingGeneral DentistryDigital signal processingSimple computationbusiness.industrySpreadsheet softwarePhantoms ImagingComputer Science::Software EngineeringReproducibility of Results030206 dentistryGeneral MedicineSpiral Cone-Beam Computed TomographyRadiographic Image EnhancementFourier transformOtorhinolaryngologysymbolsbusinessAlgorithmSoftware
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A chirp-z transform-based synchronizer for power system measurements

2005

In the last few years, increased interest in power and voltage quality has forced international working groups to standardize testing and measurement techniques. IEC 61000-4-30, which defines the characteristics of instrumentation for the measurement of power quality, refers to IEC 61000-4-7 for the evaluation of harmonics and interharmonics. This standard, revised in 2002, requires a synchronous sampling of voltage or current signal, in order to limit errors and to ensure reproducible results even in the presence of nonstationary signals. Therefore, an accurate estimation of the fundamental frequency is required, even in the presence of disturbances. In this paper, an algorithm to detect t…

Computer scienceBluestein's FFT algorithmFast Fourier transformChirp-z transform power quality synchronizationFundamental frequencyPower (physics)Electric power systemSampling (signal processing)SynchronizerHarmonicsElectronic engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationSettore ING-INF/07 - Misure Elettriche E ElettronicheInterpolation
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GROMEX: A Scalable and Versatile Fast Multipole Method for Biomolecular Simulation

2020

Atomistic simulations of large biomolecular systems with chemical variability such as constant pH dynamic protonation offer multiple challenges in high performance computing. One of them is the correct treatment of the involved electrostatics in an efficient and highly scalable way. Here we review and assess two of the main building blocks that will permit such simulations: (1) An electrostatics library based on the Fast Multipole Method (FMM) that treats local alternative charge distributions with minimal overhead, and (2) A $λ$-dynamics module working in tandem with the FMM that enables various types of chemical transitions during the simulation. Our $λ$-dynamics and FMM implementations d…

Computer scienceFast multipole method05 social sciencesFast Fourier transform050301 educationSupercomputerElectrostaticsbiomolekyylitComputational scienceMolecular dynamicsCUDAsähköstatiikkaParticle MeshScalabilityOverhead (computing)simulointi0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSIMD0503 education050104 developmental & child psychology
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